Infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia B (B-ALL) accounts for 10% of childhood ALL. Eighty percent of infant B-ALL was caused byMLL gene rearrangement (MLL-r). The overall survival rate of ALL was less than 35% in infants with MLL-r. Among infant ALL with MLL-r, infants with positivefusion geneMLL-AF4 (MA4) formed by chromosome t (4;11) had even poor prognosis. Studies in monozygotic twins and archived blood spot at birth had veriifed that fusion gene MA4 originated from antenatal. Whole genome sequencing found that t (4;11) alone might be sufifcient to spawn leukemia. This paper is going to summarize the advances in biological characteristics such as clinical features, cellular origin, genomics and disease models of normalMLL gene and infant B-ALL withMA4.

Objective To investigate the value of combined detection of viral capsid antibody(VCA -IgA), early antigen antibody(EA -IgG),and Rta protein antibody IgG(Rta -IgG)in the diagnosis of EB virus associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).Methods A total of 47 nasopharynx cancer patients,45 patients with benign rhinitis and 45 healthy controls were recruited.The serum levels of VCA -IgA,EA -IgA and Rta -IgG were tested by enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Specificity and sensitivity of the indicators alone and combined detection were compared using the clinical diagnosis as the gold standard.Results The expression levels of serum VCA -IgA,EA -IgA and Rta -IgG in the rhinitis group were (0.82 ±0.25),(0.74 ±0.13),(0.89 ±0.27),the levels in the NPC group were (2.16 ±0.39),(1.26 ±0.24),(3.95 ±0.76),and the levels in the healthy control group were (0.65 ±0.14),(0.51 ±0.11),(0.41 ±0.16)respectively.The levels of VCA -IgA,EA -IgA and Rta-IgG in the rhinitis group,NPC group and healthy group were significantly different (F =400.065,232.803, 740.215,P =0.000,0.000,0.000).The levels of VCA -IgA,EA -IgA and Rta -IgG in the NPC patients with different TNMstages were significantly different(F =195.679,30.878,38.561,P =0.000,0.000,0.000),and the trend of each antibody was increased with the severity of the disease.The sensitivity of VCA -IgA was the highest (85.11%),and the specificity of EA -IgA was the highest(95.56%).The sensitivity of the combined assay was 95.74%,which was higher than that of the other three combinations.Conclusion The combination of VCA -IgA, EA -IgA and Rta -IgG can reflect the expression of EBV -associated antigen to a greater extent,and it is superior to single or two combined detection in the diagnosis of EB -associated NPC,with a high clinical value.

BACKGROUND: At present, bone remodeling biological model study usually applys finite element method combing with computer technique to simulate and predict bone quantity or bone structure. In this study the author integrate inversion method with animal experiment to establish a quantification bone remodeling biological model of in vivo bone tissue in real stress environment.OBJECTIVE: To set up a quantification biological model of bone growth and remodeling adaptation, which integrates animal experiments, parameter inversion identification of mathematical functions, and technique of computer simulation. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The experiment was accomplished in Animal Experiment Center of Dalian Medical University in October 2002.MATERIALS: 60 female Sprague Dawley mice of 6-week old were used in this study. Challenger double-energy X ray bone density device was provided from DMS Company, France. Sensation l6 CT machine was provided from Germany Siemens Company.METHODS: 60 mice were randomly divided into two groups: i 5 animals were in normal control groups. 45 in experiment groups. By designing a new animal experiment, we investigate the effects of stress environments on bone growth and remodeling of rapid growing rats and gather the bone mineral density (BMD) of proximal femur in the same interval for the unknown parameters (B and K) inversion of bone growth and remodeling equation to create the femur three-dimension geometrical model based on CT images. MAIN OUTCOMING MEASURES: Body weight of animal, bone density and CT imagine of proximal femur. RESULTS: Body mass in the experiment group and control group was increased with the rat growing; BMD in the control group and overloading group was also increased with the rat growing; but BMD in the unloading group was decreased in the fifth week. Inversion and experimental data showed that parameter B was rapidly decreased as compared to time, and it was closed to zero in the 10th week. Parameter K was rapidly increased as compared to time. and it was gradually increased from the 5th to the 10th weeks, moreover, it was closed to the horizontal line after 10 weeks. This predicted that rapid growth was over, and bone reconstitution and absorption came into another balance cycle. CONCLUSION: The thought and method used in the model creating in.this paper provide clue and reference to establish human model of bone growth and remodeling.

Objective To study if visco-supplementation therapy is useful to the internal derangement (ID) of temporomandibular joint (TMJ).Methods Sixty-three ID cases (69 TMJs) were studied by visco-supplementation therapy. The upper and/or lower articular cavities were irrigated with 5 ml normal saline and injected 0.3-1.0 ml 1% hyaluronate (HA) into articular cavity. If the symptoms of the disease still existed one week later, the therapy should be repeated for 1-2 times, once a week. The control group cases were injected 1 ml 2% lidocaine instead of HA. 8 other TMJs of 6 ID cases and 2 normal cadavers were studied with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (LM).Results The visco-supplement therapy was useful to ID patients. The difference between the test group and control group had statistical significance (χ2=6.6535, P<0.01). SEM and LM showed that the condyle, disc and bilaminar region in ID were degenerated or destroyed.Conclusions The friction between the articular surfaces in ID was increased and the bilaminar region could not retract the disc as in healthy TMJ. The visco-supplementation therapy can decrease the friction and resume the normal rheology of the diseased TMJs.

Objective To summarize the clinical and biological characteristics and to analyze the prognosis of childhood lymphoma. Methods Clinical data of 60 patients diagnosed as lymphoma during the past ten years were retrospectively studied. All cases were classified according to the WHO classification criteria of lymphoma and the St. Jude staging system. Results Of all the 60 patients, the ratio of male to female was 2.5: 1. The median age was 8 years old (range from 6 months to 15 years). Localized mass was the most common chief complaint for first consultation accounting for 35.0%. The proportion of the bone marrow and central nervous system involvement was 63.3% and 6.7%, respectively. Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) counted for 8.3% and 91.7%, respectively. All HL were classified as CHL. As to NHL, LBL, BL/B-ALL, ALCL, and DLBCL were the main types. According to St. Jude staging, the advanced stage accounted for 95.0%. There were 8 cases with progressive disease/relapse with median time of 14 months (ranged from 6 months to 84 months). 6. In all patients,the 5-year anticipated overall survival(OS)rate was(78%±6%);the 5-year OS for HL and NHL were 100% vs(76%±8%). The survival rate of the two groups showed no significant difference (P=0.270). Cox multivariate analysis indicated that sex (P=0.038) was independent prognostic factors. Conclusions Pediatric lymphoma occurred more in male than in female, peaked at school age. The main histologic type was NHL. Most patients were diagnosed as advanced stage. By gender, female is a poor factor that affects prognosis.

Objectives To compare the efficacy and adverse effects of combining all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic triox-ide with or without anthracyclines on the treatment of childhood acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients. Methods The retrospective study included 46 children as newly diagnosed APL from January 1st, 2001 to December 31st , 2012. Efficacy and adverse effects for different induction therapies and in high and low white blood cell (WBC) count subgroups were studied. Results In the non antharcycline containing group, 2 patients died during remission induction, and in the antharcycline containing group none of the patients died. No statistical difference was observed between the antharcycline containing group and the non antharcycline containing group in complete remission, the length of time to achieve molecular complete remission and minimal residual disease quantitative analysis at the end of the induction. The mean duration of high WBC count subgroup in the anthar-cycline containing group was shortened than that of the non antharcycline containing group (P<0.05). The recovery time of the abnormal coagulation was found similar between these two groups. Conclusions The use of antharcycline in induction therapy could shorten the duration of high WBC count and reduced the WBC count peak , thus reduces the risk of early death.

This study was aimed to optimize the hydrolysis conditions of Coix prolamin, which occupied the highest content in total protein of it, and then evaluate the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of the corresponding hydrolysates. Pepsin was used to hydrolyze prolamin and OPA method was applied to determine the degree of hydrolysis. The optimum conditions of hydrolyzing prolamin were obtained by orthogonal design subse-quently. The ACE inhibitory activity of small molecular weight (less than 3 kD) peptides gained by ultrafiltration of the hydrolysates was assayed by RP-HPLC method. The result showed that the optimized hydrolysis conditions were substrate concentration of 1%, enzyme-to-substrate ratio of 1:5 and hydrolysis duration for 48 h. The hydrolysates exhibited an ACE inhibitory ratio of (83.40 ± 0.93)% at the concentration of 0.1 mg·mL-1. It was concluded that prolamin hydrolysates displayed a high ACE inhibitory activity in vitro, which provided guidance for further research of antihypertensive component and development of functional food from Coix.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of published radiology original articles in China,and compare radiology research inboard and abroad.Methods According to the Contents of Chinese Science Core Periodicals in 2012,there were 15 comprehensive radiological core periodicals in China.All of them were retrospectively surveyed,and original articles published between October 2011 and October 2012were evaluated.The following information was abstracted from each article:radiologic technique used,radiologic subspeciahy,type of research,sample size and study design.At the same time,all the original articles from two top radiology journals,Radiology and European Radiology (ER) at the same period were evaluated.Chi-square test was used to compare the composition percentage inboard and abroad.Results There were 2784 original articles published in the 15 Chinese top radiological periodicals in total The most commonly used radiologic techniques were CT (1093 of 2784,39.3％),MRI (824 of 2784,29.6％) and intervention (402 of 2784,14.4％).Radiology and ER totally published 560 original articles.MRI (265 of 560,47.3％),CT (170 of 560,30.4％) and mixed techniques (63 of 560,11.3％) were most used.In China,as much as 2572 (92.4％) articles were clinical research,115 (4.1％) was basic research,9 (0.3％) was clinical and basic research,and 83 (3.2％) was non-basic non-clinical research.The sample size of less than 10,between 10 to 50,and more than 50 was 374 (13.4％),1448 (52.0％) and 847 (30.4％) respectively.339 (12.2％) Chinese articles belonged to perspective research,and 1211 (43.5％) were retrospective.For Radiology and ER,515 (92.0％) articles were clinical research,39 (7.0％) was basic research,3(0.5％) was clinical and basic research,and 3(0.5％) was non-basic non-clinical.The sample size of less than I0,between 10 to 50,and more than 50 was 30 (5.4％),225 (40.2％) and 252 (45.0％) respectively.230 (41.1％) articles belonged to perspective research,and 202 (36.1％) ones were retrospective.Radiology and ER articles used MRI more than that published in Chinese radiology journals (x2 =666.690,P ＜ 0.01).Clinical research was the most commonly used research type both inboard and abroad (x2 =0.116,P ＞0.05).Articles of sample size more than 50 abroad were more than that of China (x2 =44.895,P ＜0.01).Perspective research was used more abroad (x2 =275.667,P ＜ 0.01),and the main research type in China was retrospective.Conclusion Chinese radiology workers might need to do more perspective and larger sample size clinical researches.

Objectives To investigate the inlfuence of polymorphisms of SLC19A1 80G>A, MDR1 exon26C>T and MDR1 exon21G>T/A on curative effect and adverse reaction of high-dose methotrexate in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Methods MALDI-TOF-MS technique was used to detect the polymorphisms of SLC19A1 80G>A, MDR1 exon 26C>T and MDR1 exon21G>T/A in 108 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The relationship of genetic polymorphism, survival rate and toxicity was analyzed. Results The 36-month event-free survival was not related to any polymorphisms of MDR1 and SLC19A1. Patients with mutant types of MDR1 exon26C>T and MDR1 exon21G>T/A showed a much higher MTX plasma levels at 24 hours and higher incidence of hepatic injury (P<0.05). Conclusions The genetic polymorphism of MDR1 exon26>T, MDR1 exon21G>T/A has a large inlfuence on hepatic toxicity and plasma concentra-tions of MTX.

The nasal cavity structure of one patient was reconstructed by the method of surface rendering based on his CT images. In a respiratory period the change of air flux in the nasal cavity was supposed based on the tidal volume and the respiratory period gained by statistical method. The digital simulation and the analysis of the airflow in the nasal cavity was made by the FEA method and the result was compared with the data from literatures. The comparison indicates that the result is confident. From the result we can observe the airflow distribution quantitatively in the nasal cavity in the period of respiration.
Adult ; Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Nasal Cavity ; anatomy & histology ; physiology ; Numerical Analysis, Computer-Assisted ; Respiration ; Tomography, Spiral Computed