Life view education is an important aspect of building a socialist harmonious society.Life view investigation group in Capital Medical University made survey and interview on life view education for students of 10 colleges and universities in Beijing.Based on the data,this paper elaborated and analyzed life view education from its importance and urgency,ethical reflection as well as practice exploration in an aim to highlight the significance of life education in the construction of a harmonious society.

Objective To evaluate the effects of different doses of epidural capsaicin on pain threshold, neurological function and spinal neurons.Methods Thirty-six male New Zealand white rabbits weighing 2.5-3.0 kg were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 9 each): control group and 3 capsaicin groups (Cap 1, 2, 3). The animals were anesthetized with 10% chloral hydrate 50-75 mg?kg-1 i.v. . An intrathecal catheter was inserted at L6,7 interspace and correct placement was confirmed by outflow of CSF. 1 ml of 0.1 % ( Cap1) , 0.25 % ( Cap2 ) or 0.5% (Cap3 ) capsaicin was injected intrathecally 24 h after IT catheter was placed. Threshold to noxious thermal stimuli was measured and gait of the hind limbs were assessed using Johnson score (5 = normal, 0 = completely paralyzed), before and 1, 3, 7, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 days after IT injection. On the 2nd day after IT injection 3 animals were killed in each group and the lumbar segment of spinal cord (L6,7) was immediately removed for light and electron microscopic examination. Results The threshold to noxious thermal stimuli was significantly higher in the 3 capsaicin groups than in control group ( P

AIM: To investigate the effects of FK506 on anti-glomerular basement membrane(GBM) nephritis in rats. METHODS: Anti-GBM nephritis model was elaborated by rabbit anti-rat GBM antibody injection in SD rats in this study. The rats were divided into three groups: FK506 treated group(0 5 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 , sc), untreated nephritis control group and normal control group. FK506 was administered daily six hours after injection of anti-GBM IgG. All the rats were observed urinary protein at the 4th day, the 14th day and the 21st day. At the same time, the kidney specimens were collected, and T cell transforming function was also monitored. RESULTS: Rats injected with rabbit anti-GBM Ab developed heavy proteinuria by 4 days, and serum creatinine and serum urea appeared which kept on the rising. Glmerular hypercellularity, crescents, and protein casts were observed in nephritic rats. By electron microscopy, the thickening of GBM and loss of foot processes were seen. T cell transforming function was higher than normal. But, all pathological changes obviously turned for the better in FK506 treated group. CONCLUSION: FK506 could inhibit the progression of rat anti-GBM nephritis.

Objective To study the expression and clinical meaning of tight junctions protein regulator PKC θ in human meningioma tissue.Method The expression of PKC θ in 30 non-invasion and 30 invasion meningioma tissue is tested by using immunohistochemistry S-P method,with the goal of analyzing the relationship between the expression of PKC θ and pathology character.Results The positive rate ofPKC θ in invasion meningioma tissue is obviously lower than in non-invasion meningioma tissue.The difference is significant(P<0.05)Conclusions The lower expression of PKC θ in invasion meningioma tissue pmbably affects occurrence and invasion of the meningioma by ehang4ng the structure and function of TJs.

BACKGROUND:In terms of the histocompatibility, immune rejection and scar formation after repair, acel ular nerve al ograft is closer to autologous nerve cel s. At present, hyaluronic acid has been applied for autologous peripheral nerve repair;however, research on the nerve al ograft is rarely reported.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of hyaluronic acid on the anastomotic scar in acel ular nerve al ograft repair of rat sciatic nerve defect.
METHODS:Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=12 per group). The rat model of nerve defect of 10 mm was established by cutting the sciatic nerve of the left hind leg and then given nerve al ograft combined with the injection of hyaluronic acid at anastomosis (experimental group), only nerve al ograft (control group) and autologous nerve graft (nerve autograft group), respectively. Afterwards, the healing of the proximal anastomosis was observed and scar components were assessed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Gross observations showed that the rat skin and muscle fascia had no significant differences in healing among groups, while the surrounding tissue adhesion in the experimental group was milder than that in the control group (P<0.05). Masson staining found that col agen deposition in the epinerium could be observed in each group. In the experimental group, a smal amount of col agen fibers arranged orderly in the epineurium;in the control group numerous col agen fibers accumulated and arranged irregularly;in the nerve autograft group, sparse epineurial col agen fibers appeared in an order arrangement. The gray value of col agen type I in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), while the gray value of col agen type III was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). No significant differences were found in the sum gray values of col agen type I and III among groups (P>0.05). These findings indicate that in the peripheral nerve repair, hyaluronic acid abrogates the scar formation by increasing the deposition of col agen type III and reducing the deposition of col agen type I.

Objective:To understand the similarities and differences of medical ethics education between Chinese and American medical colleges and universities,grasp the advantages and disadvantages,and analyze the enlightenment of American medical ethics education to our country.Methods:We used individual interview method of qualitative research methods and conducted semi-open interview.Results:China can adjust the curriculum provision appropriately,enrich the content of medical ethics education,improve the medical ethics practice education,enrich teaching approaches and diversify examination form in medical students moral education cultivation.Conclusion:Both China and the United States attach great importance to medical professionalism education,medical ethics training and the doctor-patient relationship education.However,there are significant differences in their history,culture,religion and morality,as well as the medical systems,education on medical students and medical ethics education.Views formed in the interview provide certain reference and guidance for Chinese medical ethics education at a certain level.

Objective To investigate renal histopathological changes and cli ni cal characteristics in 20 women with preeclamptic nephropathy or gestational pro teinuria.Methods Between 1999 and 2002, 20 women who suffered from preeclampsia or proteinuria during pregnancy underwent postpartum renal biopsies from fifth d ay to third month after delivery. One woman repeated her renal biopsy half year later. Each biopsy specimen was divided into three parts,and processed and stain ed for conventional light microscopy(LM), immunohistology (IH) and electron micr oscopy (EM) examination. The clinicopathological data were studied and women wer e followed up after discharge for a long time. Results Sixteen of 20 women were diagnosed as preeclampsia, whose altered glomeruli demonstrated a typical endoth elial lesion (endotheliosis), and mild to moderate proliferation of mesangial ce lls. IH revealed either negative or mild IgG、IgM and C3 deposits. Focal glomeru losclerosis (FGS) was observed in one of 16 cases, whose microproteinuria (0 49 g/24 h) lasted for more than one year, meanwhile the proteinuria of other 15 wo men disappeared completely within 3～6 months after delivery. Besides, one was I gA nephropathy (IgAN) complicated preeclamptic nephropathy, whose proteinuria de creased obviously after delivery, but remained microhematuria, and endothelial l esion disappeared in repeat biopsy after half year. One was IgAN and received a treatment of adrenocorticosteroid and immunosupressive agents because of macropr oteinuria. One was mild mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis presenting co nstant microhematuria and microproteinuria. One was typeⅠmembranous nephropathy , whose proteinuria decreased remarkably after delivery as well. Conclusions Ren al histopathological changes of preeclampsis are typical endothelial lesion, and often recover completely within 6 months after delivery. Recovery may be delaye d in the case of FGS accompanied. Pregnancy may aggravate primary renal damage w hich will be improved after delivery. Postpartum renal biopsy is safe and benefi cial to early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.

Objective To investigate the levels of lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2(Lp-PLA2),D-dimer(D-D),antithrombin Ⅲ (AT Ⅲ) in acute cerebral infarction (ACI)patients,and to analyzed their correlation with ACI.Methods Sixty-nine patients with ACI(ACI group) and 40 individuals undergoing healthy physical examination(control group) were selected in this study.The levels of Lp-PLA2,D-D and ATⅢ were compared between the two groups and their positive rates were statistically analyzed.Then the correlation between Lp-PLA2,D-D and ATⅢ with ACI was analyzed.Results The levels of Lp-PLA2 and D-D in the ACI group were higher than those in the control group,while the ATⅢ level was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Their positive rates in the ACI group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).Lp-PLA2,D-D and ATⅢ were correlated with ACI occurrence and had mutual correlation (all P<0.05).Conclusion Lp-PLA2,D-D and AT Ⅲ participate in the occurrence process of ACI,and their detection can be applied to screen out ACI high-risk groups,and may guide early prevention and early diagnosis of ACI.

Aimed at the current plight of medical students' professionalism education,such as ignoring the top -level design and the overall plan but emphasizing practice,ignoring the permeability of professional spirit but emphasizing the impartation of professional knowledge,ignoring humanities but emphasizing professional issues in curriculum setting,Capital Medical University advocated the all-dimensional education philosophy implenented by all staff through the whole process,made top-level design scientifically for medical students' professionalism education.The university strengthened professionalism through teaching,permeated professionalism through a series of educational activities,consolidated professionalism through clinical practice,and thus to strengthen the cultivation of medical students' professionalism and realize scientific education by all staff and throughout the whole process.

Objective This study explored the expression of polyclonal protein SUZ12 in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC),and its role in predicting the survival and treatment of ICC patients.Methods The expression of SUZ12 and p16INK4a was detected by immunohistochemical assay in 207 liver tissue samples including ICC patients,BilIN-1,-2,-3 and non-tumor-like cholangiocarcinoma.The expression of these proteins was assessed to be related to the pathological characteristics of the ICC patients receiving chemotherapy and the outcome of survival as well as the subsequent chemotherapy response.Results The expression level of SUZ12 was gradually increased from non-neoplastic bile duct tissue to BilIN-1,-2,-3 and ICC.The expression of p16INK4a protein was expressed in non-neoplastic-like cholangiocarcinoma,but it decreased gradually in BilIN-1,-2,-3 and ICC tissues.SUZ12 expression was associated with undifferentiated ICC,lymph node metastasis and advanced cancer.Kaplan-Meier curve analysis showed that ICC patients with high expression of SUZ12 had a significant reduction in overall survival and disease-free survival in comparison with ICC patients with the low expression of SUZ12.SUZ12 expression was significantly associated with overall survival of patients receiving adjuvant gemcitabine-based chemotherapy(AGC).Conclusion SUZ12 expression is able to predict the overall survival and disease-free survival of ICC patients with adjuvant gemcitabine-based chemotherapy.