Object To compare the effects of Radix Codonopsis (RC) and Radix Astragali (RA) on ECG of experimental myocardial ischemia rats. Methods The model of myocardia ischemia was made by injection of pituitrin (Pit) in rats. The changes of ECG were observed with three parameters, viz. the heart rate, the locomotions of T wave and S T section. Results Both RC and RA can decrease the run up of T wave in ECG of rats with experimental myocardial ischemic injury in which RC is superior to RA. While RA has stronger effect on the slowering of the heart rate than RC.Conclusion Both RC and RA have protective effect on experimental myocardial ischemic injury induced by Pit.

Objective:To observe the changes of glyeemia, urine protein, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetic nephropathy rats and treating effects of Xiaokekang. Methods: Streptozotocin (STZ) was abdominally administered and was feeded by high lipid diet to establish diabetic nephropathy model in rats. Animals were divided into three groups: model group, Xiaokekang treatment group and normal group. Changes in glycemia, serum lipids, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen were measured at the 8th, 12th and 16th week after STZ injection. Glycosylated hemoglobin was measured at the 16th weeks after STZ injection. Results: Glycemia, serum lipids, serum creatinine were higher at the 8th, 12th and 16th week compared with normal group. Serum creatinine was higher at the 12th and 16th week, and glycosylated hemoglobin was also highter than that of the normal group. Xiaokekang reduced these changes. Conclusion: Xiaokekang can reduce glycemia, serum lipids and protect renal function.

Objective To explore the development trend and understand the development dynamics through research and analysis of factors influencing caries of preschool children in China,and provide reference and basis for the establishment of disease prevention and control strategy. Methods Based on the theme of dental caries or cavities or caries and factors or cause or reason and children ,the literatures were searched from CNKI, VIP Chinese science, technology database and Wanfang medical academic database and CBM from building to March 2018. The literature of preschool children caries disease factors, adopts the method of literature metrology analysis. Results A total of 303 literatures were detected, which were distributed in 165 journals and 40 core journals, accounting for 24.2% of the total number of periodicals. 28 articles were published in guangdong province, ranking the first. From building to March 2018, the number of posts has been increasing year by year;Fund funding started in 2003 and started late, but gradually increased after 2003.Tooth brushing, age, and sweets (snacks) are the three main causes of caries in preschool children. Conclusion The study on the factors affecting the caries of preschool children in China started late and may not be further studied due to the limitations of various conditions before 2000.In the last 10 years, the analysis of the factors affecting the dental caries of preschool children has been gradually deepened, and the number of publications has increased significantly.

Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) is one of the common diseases in stomatology caused by a variety of factors, with a high incidence rate, especially among the young people with great pressure, and difficult to treat this disease. it was easy to relapse directly affects the physical and mental health and quality of life of the patients. Psychological factors had been proved to be one of the causes of temporomandibular joint disorder, and cognitive behavioral therapy was a form of psychological therapy that has been applied to a variety of problems, including mental illnesses such as depression, anxiety, and physical symptoms like pain. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) was also used in stomatology department. This paper reviewed the origin, concept formation, theory formation, characteristics and application of CBT in TMJ disorders, in order to provide more evidence for clinical practice and reduce pain for patients.

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of Sulfo-N-succinimidyloleate (SSO) regulating lipid metabolism disorder induced by silicon dioxide (SiO 2) . Methods:In March 2023, Rat alveolar macrophages NR8383 were cultured in vitro and randomly divided into control group (C), SSO exposure group (SSO), SiO 2 exposure group (SiO 2) and SiO 2+SSO exposure group (SiO 2+SSO). NR8383 cells were exposure separately or jointly by SSO and SiO 2 for 36 h to construct cell models. Immunofluorescence and BODIPY 493/ 503 staining were used to detect cluster of differentiation (CD36) and intracellular lipid levels, the protein expression levels of CD36, liver X receptors (LXR), P-mammalian target of rapamycin (P-mTOR) and cholinephosphotransferase 1 (CHPT1) were detected by Western blot, respectively, and lipid metabolomics was used to screen for different lipid metabolites and enrichment pathways. Single-factor ANOVA was used for multi-group comparison, and LSD test was used for pair-to-group comparison. Results:SiO 2 caused the expression of CD36 and P-mTOR to increase ( P=0.012, 0.020), the expression of LXR to decrease ( P=0.005), and the intracellular lipid level to increase. After SSO treatment, CD36 expression decreased ( P=0.023) and LXR expression increased ( P=0.000) in SiO 2+SSO exposure group compared with SiO 2 exposure group. Metabolomics identified 87 different metabolites in the C group and SiO 2 exposure group, 19 different metabolites in the SiO 2 exposure group and SiO 2+SSO group, and 5 overlaps of different metabolites in the two comparison groups, they are PS (22∶1/14∶0), DG (O-16∶0/18∶0/0∶0), PGP (i-13∶0/i-20∶0), PC (18∶3/16∶0), and Sphinganine. In addition, the differential metabolites of the two comparison groups were mainly concentrated in the glycerophospholipid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism pathways. The differential gene CHPT1 in glycerophospholipid metabolic pathway was verified, and the expression of CHPT1 decreased after SiO 2 exposure. Conclusion:SSO may improve SiO 2-induced lipid metabolism disorders by regulating PS (22∶1/14∶0), DG (O-16∶0/18∶0/0∶0), PGP (i-13∶0/i-20∶0), PC (18∶3/16∶0), SPA, glycerophospholipid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism pathways.

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of Sulfo-N-succinimidyloleate (SSO) regulating lipid metabolism disorder induced by silicon dioxide (SiO 2) . Methods:In March 2023, Rat alveolar macrophages NR8383 were cultured in vitro and randomly divided into control group (C), SSO exposure group (SSO), SiO 2 exposure group (SiO 2) and SiO 2+SSO exposure group (SiO 2+SSO). NR8383 cells were exposure separately or jointly by SSO and SiO 2 for 36 h to construct cell models. Immunofluorescence and BODIPY 493/ 503 staining were used to detect cluster of differentiation (CD36) and intracellular lipid levels, the protein expression levels of CD36, liver X receptors (LXR), P-mammalian target of rapamycin (P-mTOR) and cholinephosphotransferase 1 (CHPT1) were detected by Western blot, respectively, and lipid metabolomics was used to screen for different lipid metabolites and enrichment pathways. Single-factor ANOVA was used for multi-group comparison, and LSD test was used for pair-to-group comparison. Results:SiO 2 caused the expression of CD36 and P-mTOR to increase ( P=0.012, 0.020), the expression of LXR to decrease ( P=0.005), and the intracellular lipid level to increase. After SSO treatment, CD36 expression decreased ( P=0.023) and LXR expression increased ( P=0.000) in SiO 2+SSO exposure group compared with SiO 2 exposure group. Metabolomics identified 87 different metabolites in the C group and SiO 2 exposure group, 19 different metabolites in the SiO 2 exposure group and SiO 2+SSO group, and 5 overlaps of different metabolites in the two comparison groups, they are PS (22∶1/14∶0), DG (O-16∶0/18∶0/0∶0), PGP (i-13∶0/i-20∶0), PC (18∶3/16∶0), and Sphinganine. In addition, the differential metabolites of the two comparison groups were mainly concentrated in the glycerophospholipid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism pathways. The differential gene CHPT1 in glycerophospholipid metabolic pathway was verified, and the expression of CHPT1 decreased after SiO 2 exposure. Conclusion:SSO may improve SiO 2-induced lipid metabolism disorders by regulating PS (22∶1/14∶0), DG (O-16∶0/18∶0/0∶0), PGP (i-13∶0/i-20∶0), PC (18∶3/16∶0), SPA, glycerophospholipid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism pathways.

The disrupted caregiver infant relationships are not unpopular (infant abuse and non-traumatic caregiver-infant relationship).Animal and human studies have demonstrated this disruptive relationship exerts the fundamental and enduring impacts on stress system, limbic system and relevant cortex.Individual carrying such biological susceptibility might develop psychopathology under stresses at later life.The assessment needs to get involved the measures with more objectivity,real time and moment-to-moment components.The study on caregiverinfant relationship also should focus on the historical and cultural aspects of China.

Objective:To explore the value of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) DWI in preoperative prediction of angiolymphatic invasion in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).Methods:From April 2016 to April 2019, 63 ESCC patients who planned to undergo resection of esophageal cancer were prospectively collected at Henan Cancer Hospital.According to the postoperative pathological results, 63 patients were divided into angiolymphatic invasion group (30 cases) and no angiolymphatic invasion group (33 cases). All patients underwent IVIM sequence and routine MRI examination before operation. The ADC, true diffusion coefficient (D), pseudodiffusion coefficient (D *) and pseudodiffusion fraction (f) were measured. The differences of parameter values between ESCC with and without angiolymphatic invasion were analyzed using Student′s t test or Wilcoxon rank sum test.The logistic regression was used to analyze the significance of various parameters. For the parameters with statistical significance, the ROC curves were performed to evaluatethe diagnostic performance of parameters for identifying angiolymphatic invasion.The Z test was used to compare the area under the ROC curves(AUC) of parameters. Results:The difference of ADC, D and f values between angiolymphatic invasion group and no angiolymphatic invasion group were statistically signi?cant ( t=4.476, 5.033 and 5.712 respectively, all P<0.001). The D * values showed no statistically signi?cant di?erence ( Z=0.184, P=0.854). The logistic regression analysis showed that D (OR=9.042) and f (OR=26.221) were in correlation with angiolymphatic invasion. The ROC analyses demonstrated that the AUCs of ADC, D and f values in predicting angiolymphatic invasion of ESCC were 0.787, 0.822 and 0.853, respectively. D combined with f had highest AUC (0.917) in predicting the angiolymphatic invasion of ESCC, sensitivity and specificity were 93.3% and 75.8%. D combined with f showed better diagnostic performance than the D and the f value, and the difference were statistically significant ( Z=2.403, 2.289, P=0.016, 0.022). Conclusions:IVIM can be used as an effective functional imaging modality for preoperative evaluation and prediction of the angiolymphatic invasion of ESCC. D value combined with f value can further improve prediction performance of angiolymphatic invasion.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of combining modified manipulative reduction with functional training for the treatment of acute anterior disc displacement without reduction.Methods:Sixty anterior disc displacement patients aged from 19 to 55 years were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, each of 30. The experimental group was given modified manipulative reduction, while the control group was provided with traditional manipulative reduction. After the manipulative reduction, both groups received 3 months of functional training. Visual analog scale (VAS) ratings, maximum active mouth opening, a mandibular movement index and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were employed before and immediately after the reduction and after the functional training to evaluate their effectiveness. An oral health-related quality of life scale was also used. The number of attempts needed to achieve successful reduction and the overall success rate were compared between the two groups.Results:There was significant improvement in the average VAS ratings, maximum active mouth opening, mandibular movement index and oral health-related life quality of both groups after the experiment. Immediately after reduction, the maximum active mouth opening and mandible movement in the experimental group were significantly higher than in the control group, on average. Further improvement was observed after the treatment such that there was no significant difference between the two groups. After the functional training, however, the experimental group′s average VAS and oral health-related life quality scores were significantly better than the control group′s averages. According to MRI right after reduction, the success rate of the experimental group (96.7%) was significantly better than among the control group (80%). After the functional training the corresponding values were 86.7% and 73.3%. That difference was no longer significant. There was also no significant difference in the number of attempts needed to achieve successful reduction.Conclusion:The modified manipulative reduction not only has a higher success rate, but also can immediately improve mouth opening and mandible mobility. Combined with functional training, it can effectively reduce pain and improve life quality.

Objective To investigate the correlation between quantitative parameters of dynamic contrast?enhanced MRI (DCE?MRI) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and pathological grades in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods Fifty?six patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who were confirmed by esophagoscope and received neoadjuvant chemotherapy before operation between September 2015 and December 2017 in the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University were prospectively analyzed, and MRI examination was performed within one week before operation. All patients underwent routine chest MRI and DCE?MRI scanning, and quantitative parameters of DCE?MRI, including volume transfer constant (Ktrans),exchange rate constant (Kep) and extravascular extracellular volume fraction (Ve) were measured. Pathological grading was assessed as highly differentiated, moderately differentiated, poorly differentiated,and undifferentiated. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated from the results of two radiologists. Kruskal?Wallis H test was used to compare the differences of quantitative parameters between different pathological grade groups of DCE?MRI,and Mann?Whitney U test was utilized to compare the intraclass differences among pathological grades. Spearman rank correlation analysis was performed for evaluating the correlation between DCE?MRI parameters and pathological grade of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the diagnosis accuracy of different DCE?MRI parameters in pathological grade of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Results The 56 patients were divided into four groups according to pathological findings: well differentiated group (n=8), moderately differentiated group (n=39), poorly differentiated group (n=9) and undifferentiated group (n=0). The differences of Ktransmean,Ktrans75%,Kepmax, Kepmean,Kep75% between different pathological grading groups were statistically significant (all P<0.05),and these parameters showed positive correlation significantly with pathological grading (r values were 0.778, 0.632, 0.594, 0.725, 0.489 respectively, all P<0.05). The ROC curve area of Ktransmean, Ktrans75% in the diagnosis of pathological grade for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was 0.750,0.856,respectively. The diagnostic efficiency of Ktrans75% was the best with the diagnostic threshold of 0.693/min,sensitivity of 87.5%, specificity of 78.5%, respectively. Conclusion The quantitative parameters of DCE?MRI after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma have the potential value for predicting pathological grade.