OBJECTIVE To obser ve t he histopathological features and immunohistochemical expression of IgG4 in nasal granulomatosis with polyangiitis(GPA) and to study the relationship between GPA and IgG4-related disease(IgG4-RD). METHODS A total of 12 nasal GPA patients were collected from the Department of Pathology, Beijing TongRen Hospital during January 2012 to December 2016. EnVision immunohistochemical technique was used to detect the expressions of CD38, CD138, IgG and IgG4. RESULTS Nine cases were found pulmonary abnormalities. Elevated titer of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody was presented in 8 cases in this study. On histopathologic evaluation, 8 of 12 cases were graded as pathologic score 3, one as score 2, and the remaining 3 as score 1. Eight cases showed increased number of IgG4+ cells higher than 10/HPF, 2 of which showed the ratio of IgG4+/IgG cells were more than 40％. CONCLUSION IgG4+ cells can be increased in biopsies of nasal GPA. Since the morphologic and clinical manifestations of GPA and IgG4-RD may overlap, it could be a significant diagnostic pitfall in the differential diagnosis of these two entities. The diagnosis of GPA should combine clinical manifestations, imaging findings, serological examinations and pathological features.

Objective To investigate the expression of CD44v3 and CD44v6 in the polymorphic adenoma of salivary glands. Methods Using immunohistochemistry technology to detect the expression of CD44v3 and CD44v6 in 30 cases of polymorphic adenoma of salivary glands. Results The expression of CD44v3 was positive in 66.7 %cases within 30 paraffin-embedded sections, while CD44v6,86.7 % was positive. Conclusion The high expression of CD44v3 and CD44v6 maybe the reason of the low invasive ability and migration of polymorphic adenoma of salivary glands.

Objective To examine the expression of MMP -2 and HSP70 in salivary tumor and to explore the relationship among the expression of MMP -2 and HSP70 and the biological of the salivary tumor. Methods The expression of MMP -2 and HSP70 on 38 salivary tumor patients and controls was detected by immunohistochemistry. The data was disposed by SPSS software. Results The expression of MMP -2 and HSP70 in salivary tumor was higher than that in normal controls(P

OBJECTIVE:To study the curative effect of different Chailing decoction granules on chronic renal failure(CRF) in rats.METHODS:SD rats in trial groups and model group were given adenine to induce CRF model.The trial groups were treated with Japanese Tsumura granules,imitating Japanese method granules or Chinese normal method granule.The model group and the control group were treated with saline.The urine,blood biochemical parameters as well as morphological change of kidney were monitored.RESULTS:Compared with model group,Japanese Tsumura granules and imitating Japanese method granules significantly reduced the levels of blood ureanitrogen,serum total protein,serum cholesterol and urinary protein,and the damage on renal interstitium was lessened significantly(P

Objective:To evaluate the CT characteristics of ossifying foci in sinonasal inverted papilloma (IP) and to compare with the tumor root shown intraoperatively.Methods:The clinical and CT imaging data of 127 patients with IP, which were proved by histopathology, were reviewed retrospectively from Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, during the period from January 2012 to December 2018. The number, location, shape, density of ossifying foci in sinonasal IP and the relationship with the wall of sinus were observed. The sites of ossification on CT scans were compared with the root of the tumors described in the corresponding patient′s operative records.Results:In 127 IP patients, 51 (40.2%) patients showed the ossification in the tumor on CT. Single ossifying foci were found in 35 cases and multiple in 16 cases. The ossification affected single site of the sinonasal tract ( n=16) or distributed diffusely ( n=35). In the 50 cases, the ossifying foci extended along the long axis of the affected sinus appearing as branched ( n=19), striped ( n=16), linear ( n=7), lumpy ( n=2) or mixed type ( n=6), and 1 case was located at the edge of the maxillary sinus. Totally 66.7% (34/51) of the ossifying focis contained peripherally hyperdense bone tissue and centrally hypodense adipose tissue, which corresponded to bone cortices and fatty marrow of the trabecular bone. And 96.1% (49/51) of the ossifying focis were attached to the adjacent bone of the sinus, and the sites of attachment were concordant with the actual origin of tumor confirmed in operation . Conclusions:Ossification can be seen in some sinonasal IPs. Tracing along ossifying focus to the site of attachment with sinus might facilitate preoperative prediction of the originating site of tumor.

Objective To evaluate the value of MRI performance for the differential diagnosis of atypical solitary metastatic malignant melanoma from spinal hemangioma.Methods Thirteen patients of atypical solitary metastatic malignant melanoma and 40 patients of spinal solitary hemangioma were retrospectively analyzed.Conventional MR imaging (T1WI,T2WI,and fat suppressed T2WI) and enhanced imaging were performed at 1.5T MRI.The signal intensities (SIs) of spinal lesions were qualitatively evaluated on conventional imaging and were described as hypointense,isointense,or hyperintense.The spinal lesions were qualitatively categorized into minimal enhancement,iso-enhancement,slightly hyper-enhancement,or strong enhancement on contrast-enhanced imaging.The lesions' maximum diameter was also measured and the mean value was obtained.Results The qualitative assessment of SIs on T1WI showed that 76.92％ (10/13),15.38％ (2/13) and 7.69 ％ (1/13) of atypical solitary metastatic malignant melanoma were hypointensity,isointensity and hyperintensity respectively.The qualitative evaluation of SIs on T2WI were found that 61.54％ (8/13) of atypical solitary metastatic malignant melanoma with hypointense,30.77％ (4/13) with isointensity and 7.69％ (1/13) with hyperintensity,respectively.About 92.31％ (12/13) of atypical solitary metastatic malignant melanoma displayed strong enhancement on contrast-enhanced imaging.There were significant differences in SIs on T1WI,T2WI and contrast-enhanced imaging between atypical solitary metastatic malignant melanoma and hemangioma (all P＜0.05).The maximum diameter of atypical solitary metastatic malignant melanoma was significantly higher than that of spinal hemangioma (P＜0.001).Conclusion MR imaging would be practicable for differentiation between atypical solitary metastatic malignant melanoma and hemangioma in spine.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of high resolution MR T2WI combined with DWI in evaluation of pathological complete response after neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer.Methods Totally 364 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who recieved neoadjuvant therapy and radical surgery,underwent MR scanning before and after neoadjuvant therapy,were enrolled in this study.The diagnostic efficacy of high resolution MR T2WI and high resolution MR T2WI combined with DWI in evaluation on pathological complete response after neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer were compared.Results Finally 49 cases were demonstrated pathologic complete response.Accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of high resolution MR T2WI and high resolution MR T2WI combined with DWI in predicting on pathological complete response after neoadjuvant therapy were 82.69％ (301/364),40.82％ (20/49),89.21％ (281/315),37.04％ (20/54),90.65％ (281/310)and 87.36％ (318/364),65.31％ (32/49),90.79％ (286/315),52.46％ (32/61),94.39％ (286/303),respectively.Sensitivity had statiatical significant difference between two methods (x2 =4.96,P=0.03).Conclusion Compared with high-resolution T2WI,the combination of DWI and high-resolution T2WI can improve the diagnostic efficacy in evaluation of pathologic complete response of locally advanced rectal cancer.

AIM:To investigate the effect of growth differentiation factor 11 ( GDF11 ) on the expansion of CD8 +memory stem T cells ( Tscm) and to further improve the effect of adoptive immunotherapy.METHODS:Healthy human peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMCs) were isolated by density gradient centrifugation at first.Among the i-solated PBMCs, CD8 +T cells were further purified with MACS microbeads.The CD8 +T cells were then randomly divided into experimental groups and control group.The same volume of different concentrations of GDF11 were added into the ex-perimental groups, and the same volume of PBS solution was added into the control group.Finally, the expansion of Tscm in experimental groups and control group was measured by flow cytometry at several time points.RESULTS:GDF11 sig-nificantly increased the number of Tscm in CD8 +T cells in vitro expansion and also dramatically increased the ratio of Tscm in CD8 +T cells.Furthermore, 400 μg/L GDF11 treatment for 3 weeks was the optimal condition to induce CD8 +Tscm. CONCLUSION:GDF11 effectively increases the number and ratio of Tscm in the CD8 +T cells in cell culture growth, thereby creating a new strategy to further improve the efficiency of adoptive immunotherapy.

Objective To establish a model of long-term atrazine(ATR)-induced liver injury in mice and to evaluate the hepatotoxic effects induced by ATR.Methods C57BL/6-N male mice were randomly divided into a control group and 1.5 mg/L and 150 mg/L ATR dose(ATR-L,ATR-H)groups.After 35 and 63 days,serum liver function biochemical indexes and inflammatory factors were detected,the hepatosomatic ratio was calculated,and the histopathology and ultrastructure of the liver were observed.Lipid peroxidation levels and antioxidant capacity,the activities of major phase I metabolic enzymes and phase Ⅱ detoxification enzymes,and the expression of related proteins in liver tissues were detected.Results Compared with the control group,the ATR groups showed significant changes in the AST/ALT ratio,levels of pro-inflammatory factors CCL2,TNF-α and IL-6,H2O2 content and activities of the metabolic enzymes NCR,CYTb5,and UDPGT(P＜0.05).In the 150 mg/L ATR group,GGT content,peroxide levels(as indicated by malondialdehyde),and CYP1A2 expression were significantly increased(P＜0.01),while GSH content was significantly decreased(P＜0.05),and hepatocyte injury and mitochondrial vacuolation were more serious when compared to control and 1.5 mg/L groups.Conclusions In a mouse model of low-dose ATR liver injury,both 1.5 mg/L and 150 mg/L ATR exposure induced liver injury in mice,with 150 mg/L ATR inducing the maximum metabolic toxicity in the liver after 63 days.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic characteristics of IgG4-related sialodacryoadenitis and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).

METHODSA total of 13 patients (patient group) were evaluated clinically and biopsy specimens from the lacrimal/salivary glands (n=12) and nasal mucosa (n=8) were reviewed and immunohistochemistry was performed to assess IgG-and IgG4-positive cells. Similarly, nine patients with IgG4-related sialodacryoadenitis without CRS and 10 patients with common CRS were included as controls.

RESULTSThere were 8 male patients and 5 female patients. The age of patients ranged from 32 to 71 years (mean 50.2 years). The patient group had higher serum IgG4 concentration than that of the control group (P<0.05). Lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, lymphoid follicle formation and sclerosis were prominent in lacrimal/salivary glands in both groups; however the magnitude of IgG4-positive plasmacytic infiltration in the patient group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Similarly, evaluation of nasal mucosa revealed greater lymphocytic and plasmacytic infiltration, and lymphoid follicle formation, together with significantly higher amount of IgG4-positive plasma cell infiltration in the patient group compared to the common CRS group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSIgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) simultaneously involving lacrimal/salivary glands and nasal cavity/paranasal sinuses is rare and characterized by a combination of IgG4-positive plasma cell infiltration involving lacrimal/salivary glands and nasal mucosa along with an increased serum level of IgG4. As a systemic disease, early and accurate diagnosis is therefore of great importance, and unnecessary surgery should be avoided.

Adult ; Aged ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lacrimal Apparatus ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Mucosa ; pathology ; Paranasal Sinuses ; pathology ; Rhinitis ; diagnosis ; immunology ; Salivary Glands ; pathology ; Sialadenitis ; diagnosis ; immunology ; Sinusitis ; diagnosis ; immunology