Objective To determine the difference between sevoflurane- and anoxic preconditioning in protecting newborn rat heart muscle cells from anoxia-reoxygenation injury. Methods The second generation of primary cultured cardiac myocytes from 2-3d newborn SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (C), anoxia/reoxygenation group (A/R) in which cultured cardiac myocytes were exposed to 2h anoxia followed by 48h reoxygenation; anoxic preconditioning group (IP) in which before A/ R the cardiac myocytes were pretreated with 20 min anoxia; sevoflurane preconditioning group (S) in which cardiac myocytes were pretreated with 20 min 2.5% sevoflurane (1.5 MAC) before A/R. Ultrastructure of heart muscles cells was observed 1 h after reoxygenation, Cell survival was determined by MTT rapid colorimetric assay and apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry at 0, 1, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h after reoxygenation. Results (1) In S and IP group there was no significant change in ultrastructure and no apoptosis cell was found, whereas in A/R group the change in ultrastructure was significant , and apoptosis cells were found. (2) The cell survival in group S and group IP was significantly lower than that in group C but significantly higher than that in group A/R. (P 0.05) . The survival of cardiac myocytes increased with prolongation of reoxygenation time in group S and group IP. (3) The apoptosis percentage of cells in group S and group IP was significantly higher than that in group C and lower than that in group A/R(F

Objective To investigate the CT and MRI features of solid-cystic papillary tumors(SCPTs) of the pancreas.Methods Eight cases of SCPTs confirmed by operation and pathology underwent both plain and contrast-enhanced CT examination,and MR examination in three cases and contrast-enhanced MRI in two cases.Results In the eight patients,the mean tumor diameter was 7.6 cm and the lesions were found mainly in the body and tail of the pancreas,only one at the pancreatic head.On plain CT scan,the tumors appeared as huge solid-cystic mass with definite margin and an integritied capsul,the solid areas were papillary or irregular components,and the cystic areas in central were low attenuation.On contrast-enhanced CT,the cystic wall and solid part were slight enhancement in arterial phase,and moderate or obvious enhancement in parenchymal phase.Irregular ringed and punctate calcification could be seen in five cases,the acute hemorrhage occurred in one case,slight dilation of the pancreatic duct was noticed in one patient.MRI showed an ovoid solid-cystic mass of the pancreas with distinct border.On T1WI,heterogeneous iso-and hypo-intensity was observed.One case showing the high signal intensity in tumor was subacute hemorrhage.On T2WI,the tumors were mixed hypo-,iso-and hyperintensity.The papillary or flocculent solid portion and the cystic wall were enhanced after gadolinium was used.Conclusion SCPTs is of certain clinic,CT and MRI characteristic findings,which can aid in reaching a proper diagnosis.

Objective To evaluate the CT value in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of splenic tumors.Methods 52 cases of splenic tumors were examined by plain and contrast-enhanced CT scan.27 cases of splenic tumors were confirmed by operation and pathology,25 cases were definited by clinical history and having typical imaging signs.Results There were 18 benign and 34 malignant tumors.Most of benign splenic tumors appeared as single or multiple low dense nodus with different size,one hemangioma was isodense.Calcifications could be showed in splenic hemangioma and lymphangioma.Homogeneous and marked enhancement occurred in hemangiomas at delayed-phase,no or slightly enhanced in the septum of splenic lymphangiomas,and the cysts had no enhanced.The malignant tumors of spleen were bigger in size mostly with unhomogeneous density,and unhomogeneous enhancement could be seen at contrast-enhanced CT scan.Uneven enlargement of spleen was commonly seen in patients of splenic lymphoma and the lesions were multiple in a most of cases,and had not enhancement obviously.Conclusion Splenic tumors can be diagnosed correctly in most patients based on the features of plain and contrast-enhanced CT in combination with clinical history and the other examinations.

Objective To investigate the surgical correction of alar deformity and repairing function of unilateral cleft lip in infant. Methods Millards procedure was used to incise skin, muscle and mucosa, correct the nasal deformity through lip. At the normal side, ophthalmic scissors was applied to incise lips muscle and skin, and reach the deep level of the base of nasal pillor, cut the abnormal attachment between the orbicular muscle of mouth and anterior nasal spina, and sharp dissect cartilage and skin in nasal wing through deep level of nasal pillor. At the cleft side, the abnormal muscle branch was cut that attached at the down side of the base of nose and pyriform aperture, the tissue between nasal base and lip, maxilla relaxed, and the cartilage and skin in the nasal wing at the same side dissected. The deform cartilage was repairied as the same of normal side. After the rehabilitation of cartilage of nasal wing, the soft tissue at deep level was moved to normal location, but the deep level structure of nasal wing cartilage, nasal septum cartilage and nasal bone did not dissected. After the dissection of orbicular muscle of mouth, the muscle in nose and lip must be relaxed in illous side. The orbicular muscle of mouth was sewed under the condition of tensionless. The repairing of orbicular muscle of mouth will improve the balance of muscular strength around the nose. Thus, the deviation of nasal pillor was corrected and the base of nose repaired. Results Eighty cases of infant with unilateral cleft lip at the age of 3 months ～12 months, in which 11 cases were Ⅰ?,16 Ⅱ, and 3 Ⅲ?. Eighty cases were low grade alar deformity, and 13 middle grade deformity. After operation, 52 cases were better, 17 cases were good, and 11 cases were worse. The postoperational result was good. Conclusion While performing the cleft lip operation or Millard operation, the authors can correct the nasal deformity through lip. So, it is recommended that cleft lip and the alar deformity can be repaired at the same time.

BACKGROUND: We have paid more attention on the effects of growth factors on tendon healing and adhesion formation, especially on the correlation of transforming growth factor with tissue adhesion and scar formation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 mRNA in the zone Ⅱ flexor tendon of wound-healing rabbit models. DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal study. SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University. MATERIALS: Sixty clean adult New Zealand white rabbits weighting 4.0-4.5 kg, of either sex, were provided by Qingdao Animal Experimental Center. Left forelimbs of each animal were as experimental side, and right forelimbs of each animal were as control. There were 6 time points, namely at days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 56, 10 rabbits in each time point. Of the 10 rabbits, 6 rabbits received the in situ hybridization and 4 rabbits received the immunohistochemical staining. Animal intervention met the animal ethical standard. METHODS: Experiments were performed at the Animal Experimental Center of Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Qingdao University from September 2005 to July 2006. After anesthesia, each rabbit underwent complete transection of the profundus middle flexor tendon in zone Ⅱ, and then the tendon was repaired by the Kessler method. Rabbits in the control group did not receive any intervention. Rabbits were anesthetized and killed 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 56 days after the surgery. Skin was incised along the original incision at the experimental sides to obtain tendons and tendon sheaths. The same measurements were performed in the control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Tenocytes and tendon sheath cells were detected with the in situ hybridization and the immunohistochemical staining to observe the expression of transforming growth factor beta-1. RESULTS: Sixty rabbits were involved in the result analysis. ①The in situ hybridization results: Expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 mRNA was increased at day 1 after tendon injury in the experimental group, reached a peak at days 14-21 after tendon injury, reduced at day 28 and was still in a high level at day 56. Expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 mRNA was high in tendon sheath cells around the repaired region. At the same time point, the expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 mRNA was higher in tendon sheath cells than in tenocytes. Low expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 mRNA was found in tenocytes and tendon sheath cells in the control group. The expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 mRNA in tenocytes and tendon sheath cells was higher in the experimental group than in the control group at each time point (P ＜ 0.05). ②Immunohistochemical staining results: Expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 protein was elevated at day 1 after the surgery, reached the peak at days 14-21 and was still in a high level at day 56 in the experimental group. Low expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 protein was seen in the control group. CONCLUSION: The normal uninjured tenocytes and tendon sheath cells produce transforming growth factor beta-1. The cytokine is activated in the injured tendon. The increase of this cytokine in both tenocytes and tendon sheath fibroblasts are coincidence with both extrinsic and intrinsic mechanisms for tendon repair.

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of autogenous bone grafts in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients following early orthodontic tooth movement,and to determine the volume of new bone formation in the bone grafted region with spiral computed tomography.Methods Computed tomography scans of 12 patients were taken immediately preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively.The patients underwent bone grafting between 9 and 13 years of age were divided into two groups based on whether postoperative orthodontic tooth movement were initiated or not.Three-dimensional models were created in each period,and the defect of alveolar cleft and volume of the newly formed bone were calculated in each patient.The roots of the moved teeth and their positions to the alveolar bone were also observed.Results The preoperative cleft width and cleft volume were not significantly different between both groups.The volume of the newly formed bone in group A was (0.98±0.23) mm3,significantly higher than that in group B,which was (0.73± 0.15) mm3.The rate of newly formed bone in group A was (72.5 ± 11.9)％,significantly higher than that in group B,which was (53.2±9.7)％.The cleft adjacent teeth could move smoothly into the bone grated area,with no root resorption observed in the computed tomography scans.Conclusions Early orthodontic tooth movement can reduce bone resorption in autogenous bone grafted unilateral cleft lip and palate patients through the observation of spiral computed tomography.It plays an active role in the bone remolding process after bone grafting.

ObjectiveTo investigate prognostic factors in Stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)treated with definitive radiation therapy (RT) with PET-CT-based radiotherapy planning. MethodsFifty nine patients with Stage Ⅲ NSCLC treated with radiation therapy of 60 Gy or more were enrolled into this study.The impact of prognostic factors on survival was evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results The following-up rate was 98％.Nineteen patients completed 2 years' followed-up. The overall l-year and 2-year survival rate was 66％ and 37％, respectively, with a median survival time of 17 months. At a univariate analysis, cigarette smoking status, T stage, radiation dose, the standardized uptake value, the gross tumor volume and clinical stage were significant prognostic factors ( x2 =7.46,7. 52,8.37,4. 97,5.82,4. 37, P =0. 006,0. 006,0. 004,0. 026,0. 016,0. 037, respectively ).At multivariate analyses, cigarette smoking status, radiation dose, gross tumor volume and clinical stage were significant prognostic factors ( x2 =6. 20, 9. 69, 6. 39, 10. 09, P =0. 013,0. 002, 0. 011,0. 001,respectively). Conclusions Cigarette smoking status, radiation dose, gross tumor volume and clinical stage are significant prognostic factors on survival in patients with Stage Ⅲ NSCLC treated with RT based on PET-CT radiotherapy planning.

Objective To explore one mechanism of therapeutic action of electroacupuncture on Alzheimer’s disease (AD), that is, improving the way to eliminate cerebral microvascular Ab by investigating the effect of electroacupuncture on hippocampal microvascular Ab deposition and learning and memory abilities in APP/PSI double transgenic mice. Method Twenty-four 7-month-old male APP/PSI double transgenic mice were randomized into model and electroacupuncture groups, 12 mice each. Same sex transgene-negative littermate mice (12 mice) constituted a blank control group. The electroacupuncture group received electric acupuncture at points Baihui (GV20) and Yongquan (KI1), 15 min once every other day, for a total of six weeks. After treatment, mouse learning and memory abilities were tested using the Morris water maze. The expressions of Ab 1-40 and Ab 1-42 in the hippocampal microvascular wall and senile plaque were determined by immunohistochemical method. Hippocampal microvascular Ab-positive expression was semi-quantitatively analyzed using the Imagine Pro Plus software. Result The Morris water maze test showed that escape latency lengthened (P<0.05), and the number of crossing platform and swimming time in the platform quadrant decreased (P<0.05) in the model group compared with the blank control group. Escape latency shortened (P<0.05), and the number of crossing platform and swimming time in the platform quadrant increased (P<0.05) in the electroacupuncture group compared with the model group. The immunohistochemical results showed that hippocampal microvascular Ab 1-42 and Ab 1-40 integral optical densities were higher in the model group than in the blank control group (P<0.05) and senile plaques appeared in the hippocampus. Hippocampal microvascular Ab 1-42 and Ab 1-40 integral optical densities were lower in the in the electroacupuncture group than in the model group (P<0.05). Conclusion Electroacupuncture reduces mouse learning and memory impairments and hippocampal microvascular Ab deposition. Its mechanism may be that electroacupuncture improves the way of eliminating cerebral microvascular Ab to decrease cerebral Ab deposition.

Objective To retrospectively analyze echocardiography findings and left hearst function in patients with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) after transcatheter closure. Methods 28 patients admitted between January 2012 and December 2012 in our hospital for PDA transcatheter closure were included. Assessment of cardiac structure, hemodynamics and cardiac function parameters during preoperation and in postoperation 3 days, 1 month and 6 months were studied. Results Statistical significant difference was found at 3 days, 1 month and 6 months postoperation when compared with pre-operation in terms of left atrial diameter, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, left ventricular end systolic diameter and other doppler measurements ( all P < 0. 05 ) . Six-minute walk test ( 6MWT) tolerance improved when compared to preoperation level (P < 0. 05). Better improvement in LVEF and LVES was observed in patients age ≤14 years old when compared to patients > 14 years old after operation ( P < 0. 05 ) . Conclusions Transcatheter closure of PDA can improve cardiac function and correct early hemodynamic abnormalities patients in younger age group show more benefit from the procedure.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) expression level in de novo acute leukemia (AL) patients, chronic myeloid leukemia chronic phase (CML-CP), chronic myeloid leukemia blastic crisis (CML-BC) patients and leukemia cell lines. Methods The expression level of AID mRNA was measured in 89 cases of newly-diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients, 79 cases of de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, 5 cases of CML-BC patients, 5 cases of CML-CP patients and leukemia cell lines NB4, THP-1, KG-1, Raji, K562 by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), bone marrow mononuclear cells of 16 normal healthy donors were used as the control group. Results The expression levels of AID mRNA in 89 cases of ALL and 79 cases of AML were 0.006-7 463.175 and 0.005-69.107, the median expression levels were 3.785 and 1.812, the expression level of AID mRNA in the normal control group was 0.146-4.707, and the median expression level was 1.483, respectively. The AID expression levels of ALL, B-ALL, Burkitt leukemia, M4 patients and Raji cells were significantly higher than those of the normal control group (all P <0.05). Nevertheless, the AID mRNA expression levels of M3 patients and NB4, KG-1 cells were lower than those of the normal control group (all P <0.05). Furthermore, the AID mRNA expression levels of K562 cell were strikingly higher than that of the CML-CP patients (P<0.001), so were those of CML-BC, chronic myeloid leukemia myeloid blast crisis (CML-MBC), chronic myeloid leukemia lymphoblastic blast crisis (CML-LBC) patients. Conclusion AID gene shows high expression level in B-ALL, Burkitt leukemia and M4, low expression level in M3 and KG-1 cells, and obvious high expression level in CML-BC.