Objective To investigate the correlation of extent and pattern of computed tomography ( CT) enhancement of tumor lesions and histological types in advanced gastric carcinoma .Methods A total of 121 ca-ses of advanced gastric carcinoma were included in this study .Tri-phase enchanced 64-slice spiral CT scan-ning was performed before operation for every patient .We judged the extent lesions′of and pattern of enhance-ment using axial images combined with reconstruction of VR ,MPR and MIP.Then the radiographic result of every subject was compared with its corresponding postoperative histological type after operation .Results In the pres-ent study,the correlation of extent of CT enhancement of tumor lesions and histological types were as follows :ade-nocarcinoma patients were mostly with moderate enhancement ( n=57,61.3%),mucinous adenocarcinoma pa-tients were mostly with mild enhancement (n=7,46.7%).While obvious enhancement were mostly observed in patients with signet ring cell carcinoma(n=8,61.5%).The correlation of pattern of CT enhancement of tumor lesions and histological types were as follows:adenocarcinoma patients were mostly with well -distributed en-hancement(n=58,62.4%),while endothecium obvious enhancement were mostly seen in patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma(n=13,86.7%)and signet ring cell carcinoma (n=7,58.3%).Conclusions There are signif-icant correlation between advanced gastric carcinoma′s tri-phases enhancement characteristics with 64-slice spiral CT and its histological types .Judging histological type using 64-slice spiral CT before operation is useful for formulating and optimizing the therapeutic regimen for gastric cancer patients ,and it is significant for observing the tumors′biological behavior and judging the curative effect .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of gastrodin in relaxing isolated thoracic aorta rings in rats and discuss its possible mechanism.

METHODIsotonic tension of isolated thoracic aortic rings in rats with norepineprine (NE) and KCl was recorded to observe the vasodilatory effect of gastrodin and the influence of various drugs on it.

RESULTGastrodin had the effect in relaxing thoracic aortas with or without endothelium, and there was no significant difference. NG-nitro-L-argininemethylester (L-NAME, 1 x 10(-4) mol x L(-1)), methylene blue (MB, 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1)), indomethacin (INDO, 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1)) had no effect on the vasodilation action of gastrodin on thoracic aortas precontracted by NE. 4-aminopyrimide (4-AP, 1 x 10(-4) mol x L(-1)), tetrathylamonium (TEA, 1 x 10(-3) mol x L(-1)), BaCl2 (1 x 10(-4) mol x L(-1)) and glibenclamide (Gli, 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1)) could inhibit gastrodin's effect in relaxing thoracic aorta rings. In the absence of Ca2+, pre-incubated gastrodin showed a notable inhibitory effect in relaxing NE contraction.

CONCLUSIONGastrodin shows a dose-dependent and endothelium-independent effect in relaxing rat isolated thoracic aorta rings. The mechanism is related to K+ channel, inhibition of release of Ca+ stored in endoplasmic reticulum of vascular smooth muscle cells and inflow of external calcium Ca2+.

Animals ; Aorta, Thoracic ; drug effects ; physiology ; Benzyl Alcohols ; pharmacology ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular ; physiology ; Glucosides ; pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Norepinephrine ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vasodilation ; drug effects

Objective To investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of melatonin on long-term cognitive impairments induced by repeated neonatal sevoflurane exposures.Methods Ninety-six neo-natal male SD rats at postnatal day 6,weighed 10-15 g,were randomly divided equally into four groups:the control group(group C),the melatonin group(group M),the sevoflurane group(group S),and the sevoflurane+melatonin group(group SM),24 rats in each group.Group C received free food and water.Group M received one intraperitoneal injection of melatonin 10 mg/kg per day for three consecutive days starting on postnatal day 6,and started drinking melatonin-containing water after cage separation on day 21.Group S inhaled 3%sevoflurane for 2 hours per day for three consecutive days starting on postnatal day 6.Group SM received one daily intraperitoneal injection of melatonin 10 mg/kg followed by inhalation of 3%sevoflurane for 2 hours per day for three consecutive days starting on postnatal day 6,and melatonin-contai-ning water was started on postnatal day 21 after cage separation.Open field test was performed on postnatal day 35,novel object recognition was performed on postnatal day 36,and the fear conditioning tests were performed from postnatal day 37 to 39.Rat brain tissues were taken on postnatal day 8 and day 40,the con-tent of iNOS and CD68 protein in the prefrontal cortex was detected by Western blot,and the concentration of IL-6 and IL-1β was detected by ELISA.Results Compared with group C,the discrimination index was significantly decreased,the freezing time was significantly shortened,the content of iNOS and CD68 protein,and the concentration of IL-6 and IL-1β in the prefrontal cortex were significantly increased on post-natal day 8 in group S(P＜0.05).Compared with group S,the discrimination index was significantly in-creased,the freezing time was significantly prolonged,the content of iNOS and CD68 protein,and the con-centration of IL-6 and IL-1β in the prefrontal cortex were significantly decreased on postnatal day 8 in group SM(P＜0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the content of iNOS and CD68 protein,and the concentration of IL-6 and IL-1β in the prefrontal cortex between the four groups on postnatal day 40.Conclusion Melatonin can inhibit the inflammatory response in the prefrontal cortex and improve long-term cognitive impairments in neonatal rats induced by repeated neonatal sevoflurane exposures.

Objective:To investigate the protective mechanism of TRPV4 channel inhibitor on blood-brain barrier(BBB)damage after traumatic brain injury(TBI).Methods:The TBI rat model was established.TRPV4 channel inhibitor HC067047 or PKC-δ inhibitor Rottlerin was used to detect changes in BBB permeability,neurological function score,and the expression of microvascular endothelial tight junction proteins ZO-1 and ZO-2 in brain injury areas after TBI.Results:Compared with the Sham group,BBB permeability significantly increased,brain neurological function score significantly decreased,and the expression of ZO-1 and ZO-2 significantly decreased in TBI group(P＜0.05).Compared with the TBI group,after administration of HC067047 or Rottlerin,changes in BBB permeability,brain neurological function score,the expression of ZO-1 and ZO-2 were partially reversed(P＜0.05).Conclusions:TBI-induced BBB injury may be mediated by TRPV4 channel regulating PKC-δ signaling pathway to affect the expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1 and ZO-2.Inhibition of TRPV4 channel function or PKC-δ signal molecule can partially alleviate BBB damage induced by TBI.This study may provide new ideas for the treatment of clinical TBI.

Purpose To explore the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)in the differential diagnosis of gallbladder polypoid lesions(GPLs)(diameter≥10 mm).Materials and Methods A prospective enrollment of 229 patients with GPLs who underwent cholecystectomy in 17 hospitals from December 1 2021 to June 30 2024 was conducted to analyze the relationship between general data,conventional ultrasound,CEUS characteristics and the nature of GPLs.Multivariate Logistic regression was employed to identify independent risk factors for neoplastic polyps,the differential diagnostic value of different indicators was compared.Results Among 229 patients with GPLs,there were 108 cases of cholesterol polyps,102 cases of adenoma and 19 cases of gallbladder cancer.Age(Z=-4.476,P<0.001),polyp number(χ2=15.561,P<0.001),diameter(Z=-8.149,P<0.001),echogenicity(χ2=9.241,P=0.010),vascularity(χ2=23.107,P<0.001),enhancement intensity(χ2=47.610,P<0.001),enhancement pattern(χ2=6.468,P=0.011),vascular type(χ2=84.470,P<0.001),integrity of gallbladder wall(χ2=7.662,P=0.006)and stalk width(Z=-9.831,P<0.001)between cholesterol polyps and neoplastic polyps were statistically significant.Age,location,diameter,echogenicity,enhancement pattern,vascular type and stalk width between adenoma and gallbladder cancer were statistically significant(Z=-4.333,-3.902,-5.042,all P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that hyper-enhancement,branched vascular type and stalk width were independent risk factors for neoplastic polyps(OR=4.563,5.770,3.075,all P<0.001).The combination of independent risk factors was better than single factor and diameter in the differential diagnosis of cholesterol polyps and neoplastic polyps(all P<0.01).Conclusion CEUS can effectively identify the nature of GPLs and provide a valuable imaging reference for the selection of treatment methods.