A reverse phase HPLC-ELSD method for the determination of ginsenoside Rg1 in the rootof Panaa pseudo-ginseng var. notoginseng (Burkill) Hoo et Tseng was reported. Chromatographic condi-tions: Shim-pack CLC-ODS column (6.0 mm×150 mm)； acetonitrile-water (30: 70) as the mobilephase； Shimadzu LC-6A with SEDEX-55 ELSD detector. The method was found to be simple and accuratewith recovery rate of 100. 50％ and RSD= 1.82 %. The established UV spectrophotometric determinationof total saponins in P. pseudo-ginseng var. notoginseng was also tried and gave an accurate result coinci-dental with that of the HPLC results. The recovery rate was 101.50%， and RSD=1. 44%. It seemed thatboth methods can be used reliably for the quality control of P. pseudo-ginseng var. notoginseng.

This article was aimed to investigate the effect of theXin-Jiang-Tang(XJT) Granules on activity of hepatic glycometabolic key enzymes and liver function in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. Fifty male SD rats were randomly divided into the normal control group with 8 rats fed with normal diet, and other rats in the model group fed with high-fat diet for 4 weeks. And then, STZ (40 mg·kg-1) was peritoneally injected once to induce T2DM rat model. The model rats were randomly divided into the T2DM model group, metformin (0.15 g·kg-1) group, and high-dose (12.64 g·kg-1) and low-dose (6.32 g·kg-1) XJT Granules group. The intragastric administration was given once a day for 8 weeks. After 8-week intervention, fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting serum insulin (FINS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), hepatic glycogen, serum ALT, AST, ALP,γ-GT and the activity of HK, PFK, PK, and G6PDH were detected. The results showed that comparing with the model group, XJT Granules group can obvious reduce FBG, FINS, HOME-IR, HbA1c and liver function indexes such as ALT, AST, ALP,γ-GT levels (P < 0.05,P < 0.01), increase the content of hepatic glycogen (P < 0.01), and the activity of HK, PFK, PK and G6PDH (P < 0.05,P < 0.01). It was conclude that XJT Granules can remarkably regulate glycometabolism of diabetic model rats and the regulatory mechanism may be associated with the increasing of HK, PFK, PK and G6PDH activity, promoting the synthesis of hepatic glycogen, improving liver function, downregulating FINS level, improving insulin resistance and eventually decreasing the level of FBG and HbA1c of T2DM rats.

Objective To establish a new method, applying high resolution melt, to discriminate the VEB-3 hypotype from the clinical gram negative isolates. Methods From January to December 2003,292 consecutive and non-repetitive gram-negative bacteria producing VEB extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) were collected. Extract the DNA of clinical gram negative isolates with phenol-chloroform. PCR was performed to amplify the VEB gene with the DNA being template. After that, we amplify the fragment of VEB gene containing the position 168. Then we detect the high resolution melt curve and analyze them. At last, we analyze the results of sequence and high resolution melt( HRM ). Results VEB-1 and VEB-3 gene are markedly different through HRM analysis. Conclusion It is accurately and quickly for us to identify the VEB-3 from other hypotype through the technology of HRM.

Objective:To investigate the protective mechanism of TRPV4 channel inhibitor on blood-brain barrier(BBB)damage after traumatic brain injury(TBI).Methods:The TBI rat model was established.TRPV4 channel inhibitor HC067047 or PKC-δ inhibitor Rottlerin was used to detect changes in BBB permeability,neurological function score,and the expression of microvascular endothelial tight junction proteins ZO-1 and ZO-2 in brain injury areas after TBI.Results:Compared with the Sham group,BBB permeability significantly increased,brain neurological function score significantly decreased,and the expression of ZO-1 and ZO-2 significantly decreased in TBI group(P＜0.05).Compared with the TBI group,after administration of HC067047 or Rottlerin,changes in BBB permeability,brain neurological function score,the expression of ZO-1 and ZO-2 were partially reversed(P＜0.05).Conclusions:TBI-induced BBB injury may be mediated by TRPV4 channel regulating PKC-δ signaling pathway to affect the expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1 and ZO-2.Inhibition of TRPV4 channel function or PKC-δ signal molecule can partially alleviate BBB damage induced by TBI.This study may provide new ideas for the treatment of clinical TBI.

This case report summarizes the experience from diagnosis and treatment of a patient with repeated high fever, hepatosplenomegaly and pancytopenia. Following exclusion of bacterial, viral, fungal infections and hematological diseases, metagenomic next-generation sequencing of the patient’s peripheral blood revealed Leishmania infantum infection, and rK39 rapid diagnostic test showed positive for anti-Leishmania antibody, while microscopic examination of bone marrow smears identified Leishmania amastigotes. Therefore, the case was definitively diagnosed as visceral leishmaniasis, and given anti-infective treatment with sodium antimony gluconate and hormone, hepatoprotection, elevation of white blood cell counts and personalized nursing. Then, the case was cured and discharged from hospital. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing is of great value in etiological detection of fever patients with unknown causes, which deserves widespread clinical applications.

ObjectiveTo explore the current status and issues regarding the application of ancient books in clinical practice guidelines and expert consensus of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） published in China， and to provide methodological recommendations for the incorporation of ancient books in the development of TCM guidelines. MethodsWe searched China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， WanFang Data， VIP， SinoMed， PubMed， Embase， as well as six industry websites including China Association of Chinese Medicine， National Group Standards Information Platform， and Chinese Association of the Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine，etc. TCM clinical practice guidelines or expert consensus issued during January 1st， 2017， to November 26th， 2022 were searched. Clinical practice guidelines or expert consensus that explicitly referred to ancient books were included， and the content regarding the searching for ancient books， sources of access to ancient books， methods of evaluating the level of evidence， methods of evaluating the level of recommendation， and methods of evaluating the evidence for the ancient books were analysed. ResultsA total of 1,215 TCM clinical practice guidelines or expert consensus were retrieved， with 442 articles explicitly mentioning the application of ancient books， including 300 （67.87%） clinical practice guidelines and 142 （32.13%） expert consensus. Sixty of the 442 publications explicitly reported that ancient books searching had been conducted （13.57%）； among these 60 publications 27 （45.00%） explicitly reported ancient books searching strategies， and the most frequent method was manual searching with a total of 24 articles （40.00%）. The most popular search source was Chinese Medical Dictionary， a TCM classics database， with a total of 18 articles. 197 articles （44.57%） explicitly reported the evaluation criteria for the level of evidence， of which 141 articles （71.57%） involved the evaluation criteria for the ancient books； 413 articles （93.44%） mentioned ancient books in the recommendations， and only the source of formula name was mentioned in 409 （99.03%） of the publications. ConclusionThe current application of ancient books in TCM clinical practice guidelines and expert consensus is limited， with issues of non-standard searching and evaluation methods. Standar-dization and uniformity are needed in evidence grading and recommendation standards. Future research should clarify the scope and methods of applying ancient book， emphasize their integration with modern research evidence， and enhance their value and quality in the development of TCM clinical practice guidelines.