AIM:The model of Salvia miltiorrhiza extracted by alcohol based on adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system(ANFIS)was studied in this paper.METHODS:The ANFIS model was set up by a set of experimental data which were gained on a pilot extraction condition.Then the tanshinone ⅡA content of the alcohol extract from Salvia miltiorrhiza in processing conditions could be predicted by this ANFIS model.The Radix Salvia miltiorrhiza was extracted by alcohol thermal reflux;then initially created a fuzzy inference system model based on network and trained by mixing learning arithmetic.RESULTS:The relative errors between the predicted values and the experimental values were in a allowable range,there were only 4 points greater than 10% of totally 90 calibration points.CONCLUSION:The analytical and experimental results show that the method can effectively forecast the content of the effective ingredient according to preset extraction conditions.

Objective To evaluate the clinical pathway (CP) for treatment of hepatic cystic echinococcosis.Methods Data were retrospectively obtained from hospitalized patients with hepatic cystic echinococcosis (CE) who were treated surgically between April 2011 to December 2012.Patient treated with the clinical pathway (the CP group) were compared with patients who were treated with conventional treatment (the non-CP group).The following outcomes were compared:the average length of in-hospital stay,the hospital charges,patient's satisfaction,patient's knowledge about his/ her own health and postoperative complications.Results For the CP groups,the length of in-hospital stay,the hospital charges,the patient's satisfaction and the health knowledge for the patients were (10.25±1.26)d,(19600.25±1520.73) yuan,(46.4 5±2.14),(83.50±8.02),respectively.The corresponding figures for the non-CP group were (14.25 ± 1.50) d,(23931.25 ± 1629.17) yuan,(42.65 ± 1.93),(74.50 ± 12.60),respectively.There were significant differences between the 2 groups (t=-4.086,-4.074,8.351,3.811 ; P＜0.05).The postoperative complications,including bile leakage,bleeding,ascites and pleural effusion,were 2,0,2 cases in the CP group,and 0,4,5 cases in the non-CP group.There were no significant difference between the 2 groups (x2 =0.17,0,0.6; P＞0.05).Conclusion Our initial clinical experience showed that the clinical pathway decreased the length of in-hospital stay and hospital charges,and provided quality and efficient clinical services to patients with hepatic cystic echinococcosis.

Objective To compare the efficacy of radical and quasi-radical hepatectomy for the treatment of end-stage hepatic alveolar echinococcosis(HAE)with involvement of major blood vessels and viscera.Methods The clinical data of 41 patients with end-stage HAE who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2002 to January 2010.All patients were divided into radical hepatectomy group (13 patients)and quasi-radical hepatectomy group(28 patients)according to whether blood vessels were reconstructed and repaired.The operation time,blood loss,length of hospital stay,recurrence and metastasis of HAE,pleural effusion,ascites,biliary complications and death between the 2 groups were compared.All data were analyzed by using the t test or chi-square test.Results The volume of blood loss,length of hospital stay,number of patients with recurrence and metastasis of HAE,obstructive jaundice and number of dead patients were(326 ±115)ml,(22 ± 18)days,0,0,and 0 in the radical hepatectomy group,and were(24 ± 20)ml,(15 ± 12)days,10,10 and 10 in the quasi-radical hepatectomy group,there were significant differences between the 2 groups(t =13.41,1.47;x2 = 4.36,4.36,4.36,P ＜ 0.05).The operation time,number of patients with pleural effusion and ascites,bile leakage,cholangitis and number of patients died perioperatively were(407 ± 146)minutes,4,0,1 and 1 in the radical hepatectomy group,and(263 ± 93)minutes,2,2,2 and 1 in the quasi-radical hepatectomy group,there were no significant differences between the 2 groups(t = 3.81;x2 = 2.30,0.04,0.34,0.04,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Radical hepatectomy should be the first choice when construction of infringed vessels can be achieved.Quasi-radical hepatectomy has lower operation risks for avoiding important vessels injury.

Objective To study their chemical components of Eclipta prostrata and identify their chemical structures. Methods The compounds were isolated by chromatography, purified by Sephadex LH-20 gel, identified by spectral analyses, and compared with the published data. Results Ten compounds were isolated and identified as 2, 2', 5″, 2″-terthiophene-5-carboxylic acid (Ⅰ), ?-sitosterol (Ⅱ), apigenin (Ⅲ), quercetin (Ⅳ), luteolin (Ⅴ), wedelolactone (Ⅵ), demethyl wedelolactone (Ⅶ), ecliptasaponin C (Ⅷ), luteoloside (Ⅸ), and linarin (Ⅹ). Conclusion Compound Ⅰ is a new compound from nature and compound Ⅹ is obtained from E. prostrata for the first time.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of ruptured hepatic cystic echinococcosis (HCE).Methods The clinical data of 109 patients with HCE who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 1994 to December 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.The diagnosis was based on the results of serological examination,epidemiological history,clinical manifestation and imaging findings.Of the 108 patients who received surgical treatment,67 received classic endocystectomy(classic group)and 41 received improved endocystectomy(improved group).The operation time,operative blood loss,length of postoperative hospital stay,time of drainage,effusion and infection of residual cavity,biliary fistula,pleura]effusion,local recurrence,dissemination and implantation of HCE,and death of the 2 groups were compared.All data were analyzed using the t test and chi-square test.Results The diagnostic rates of ultrasound,computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were 93%(101/109),99%(70/71)and 7/7,respectively.The positive rate of serological examination was 100%(61/61).Of the 109 patients,1 died of anaphylactic shock.The operation time and operative blood loss were(3.2 ± 0.3)hours and(104.0 ± 11.5)ml in the classic group and(3.3 ±0.4)hours and(110.0 ±23.8)ml in the improved group,respectively.There were no significant differences in the operation time and operative blood loss between the 2 groups(t =-1.474,-1.758,P ＞0.05).The length of hospital stay and time of drainage were(15.3 ± 4.3)days and(28.0 ± 4.6)days in the classic group and(9.3 ± 1.2)days and(7.6 ± 0.8)days in the improved group,respectively.There were significant differences between the 2 groups in the length of hospital stay and time of drainage(t = 8.628,28.088,P ＜0.05).The incidence rates of effusion and infection of residual cavity,biliary leakage,local recurrence,dissemination and implantation of HCE of the classic group were significantly higher than those in the improved group(x2 =4.335,3.888,5.691,4.581,10.153,P ＜0.05).Twenty-one patients received reoperation because of HCE recurrence or severe complications.Conclusions Epidemiological history,clinical manifestation,imaging findings and serological examination are important for the diagnosis of ruptured HCE.Improved endocystectomy + peritoneal lavage with hypertonic saline + administration of anti-HCE drugs is the optimal treatment for ruptured HCE.

Objective To study the results of emergency treatment of ruptured hepatic cystic echinococcosis (HCE).Methods A standardized management protocol for hepatic echinococcosis was introduced by the First Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University in 2002.This study included 185 patients who received emergency treatment for ruptured HCE between 1994 and 2009.The patients were divided into group A (from 1994 to 2001) and group B (from 2002 to 2009).The clinical characteristics and surgical treatment results were compared retrospectively.Results In patients with ruptured HCE into the abdomen,classical endocystectomy (Group A1 ) resulted in significantly more postoperative complications in residual hepatic cavity,time of drainage,postoperative hospital stay,recurrence and peritoneal seeding than improved endocystectomy (Group B1 ) (P＜0.05).The operation time and blood loss were not significantly different between group A1 and B1 (P＞0.05).For patients with ruptured HCE into the biliary tree,classical endocystectomy (Group A2 ) resulted in significantly higher postoperative complications in residual hepatic cavity,time of drainage,postoperative hospital stay and recurrence than improved endocystectomy (B2) (P＜0.05).Operation time,blood loss and peritoneal seeding were not significantly different between group A2 and B2 (P ＞ 0.05). Only one patient (0.54％) died from allergic shock in this series of patients.Conclusions Improved endocystectomy was an efficacious surgical treatment for ruptured HCE and it is recommended for emergency surgery.

Objective To investigate the double T tube drainage method in the treatment of hepatic echinococcosis which ruptured into the common bile duct.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 86 patients who were treated surgically for hepatic echinococcosis which had ruptured into the common bile duct at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from June 2012 to December 2014.The average postoperative hospitalization,postoperative complications (residual cavity bile leakage and residual cavity effusion,residual cavity infection) and biliary complications of biliary tract infection were analyzed.Results Significant differences were found on the postoperative residual cavity complications in group A:(2,7.1％) when compared with Group B:(9,15.5 ％),and also on the postoperative hospitalization between the double T tube drainage group [group A:(7.1 ± 1.3) d] and the traditional T type tube decompression group [B group:(8.2 ± 1.5) d] (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The doubleT tube drainage in the treatment of hepatic echinococcosis which had ruptured into the common bile duct was simple,safe and effective.This treatment could completely cure residual cavity bile leakage,and it had the advantage of avoiding occurrence of common bile duct related complications caused by the traditional suture method for bile leakage.

Objective To study the infection rate of fusobacterium nucleatum cancer re appeared in patients with colorectal cancer before and after radiotherapy,and the changes after cancer recarrence.Methods A total of 20 persons receiving physical examination were recruited in the control group and collected the stool specimens,and 40 colorectal cancer patients were selected in the study group.All of the subjects in the study group were collected stool specimens before operation 3 days and after operation 5 day,after radiation therapy 7 days and 30 days.The patients were followed-up 1 year.The bacterial fluid was collected by filtration,and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of fusobacterium nucleatum gene in feces.Results The positive rate of fecal fusobacterium fusiformis was 30% in the study group and 5% in the control group.The gene relative expression of 12 colorectal cancer patients before operation 3 days and after operation 5 days,after radiation therapy 7 days and 30 days were 5.20±0.34,8.50±0.45,1.20±0.22,0.20±0.15.The fusobacterium nucleatum gene expression of 12 patients with positive fusobacterium after operation 5 days was significantly increased compared with that before operation 3 days(t=10.419,P=0.001),which after radiation therapy 7 days and 30 days was significant lower than that before operation 3 days(t=12.728,P=0.001;t=25.889,P=0.001).Six patients recurred among 1 year,the fusobacterium nucleatum gene expression was 7.2±0.56,which was significant higher than that after radiation therapy 7 days.Conclusion The infection of fusobacterium nucleatum might be a risk factor for colorectal cancer,and the gene relative expression might be an early warning indicator of recurrence.

Objective To investigate the effects of narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) therapy on the levels of plasmin and CC chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) in peripheral blood of patients with psoriasis vulgaris.Methods A total of 60 patients with psoriasis vulgaris in progressive stage were treated with NB-UVB radiation thrice a week for 8 weeks.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect the levels of plasmin and CCL20 in the peripheral blood of the patients before and after the treatment,as well as in the peripheral blood of 50 healthy controls.Results After the treatment,psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) scores in patients were significantly decreased compared with those before the treatment (2.54 ± 1.64 vs.10.26 ± 3.14,t =17.40,P ＜ 0.05),and the response rate was up to 87％ (52/60).Before the treatment,levels of plasmin and CCL20 were both significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (plasmin:180.07 ± 40.62 μg/L vs.76.30 ± 26.92 μg/L,t =15.45,P ＜ 0.05;CCL20:422.41 ± 129.87 pg/L vs.205.33 ± 49.89 pg/L,t =11.15,P ＜ 0.05).After the treatment,levels of plasmin (148.22 ± 40.05 μg/L) and CCL20 (329.67 ± 100.73 pg/L) in patients were significantly decreased compared with those before the treatment (t =4.97,6.44,P ＜ 0.05),but still significantly higher than those in controls (t =10.82,7.95,P ＜ 0.05).Before the treatment,the level of plasmin was positively correlated with the level of CCL20 in peripheral blood of the patients (r =0.57,P ＜ 0.05),and the levels of plasmin and CCL20 were both positively correlated with the PASI score (r =0.49,0.62,respectively,both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion NB-UVB radiation may exert a therapeutic effect on psoriasis vulgaris by reducing levels of plasmin and CCL20 in peripheral blood of patients.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of radical versus conservative surgery for hydatid liver cysts.Methods The Pubmed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedicine Database, CNKI, Wan Fang Databases, VIP Databases, Chinese scientific and technical journals full-text database and Chinese Journal of full text database were searched for randomized clinical trials or none-randomized clinical trials from January 2000 to January 2015.A Meta-analysis was performed with RevMan5.1.Results 10 studies with 2 123 patients were included into the final analysis.Meta-analysis demonstrated that the radical group was significantly longer in operation time [weighted mean difference (WMD) =25.11;95％ CI: 16.18-34.05;P ＜ 0.05], was significantly shorter in the length of hospital stay (WMD =-3.94;95％CI:-7.57-0.32;P ＜0.05), was significantly lower in the incidence of bile leak (OR =0.19;95％ CI: 0.07-0.49;P ＜ 0.05), was significantly lower in the incidence of residual cavity infection (OR =0.08;95 ％ CI: 0.04-0.15;P ＜ 0.05), and in the incidence of local recurrence (OR =0.10;95 ％ CI: 0.05-0.18;P ＜ 0.05) when compared with the conservative surgery group.Conclusions For hydatid liver cysts, radical surgical procedures had significantly lower rates of complications and recurrence.Thus, they are better treatments for hepatic cystic echinococcosis.