ObjectiveTo observe the dynamic change of muscle tissue restoration after damaging at different observation time through acoustic radiation force impulse(ARFI).MethodsAccording to different observation time,16 healthy rabbits were randomly divided into four groups,including before injury,1 day after injury,7 day after injury,14 day after injury.A homemade gravity hammer was used to establish damage model of rabbit gastrocnemius,then applied ARFI to observe changes of virtual touch tissue quantification (VTQ) of gastrocnemius.All the rabbits were executed after measurement,then the pathological changes of muscle tissue were observed under microscope.Results The VTQ of damaged muscle group were significantly higher than that of nomal muscle group( P ＜0.01),and VTQ of 1 day,7day,14 day group after injuried had significant difference between two groups (P ＜ 0.01).Through pathological examination,normal musule fibers were continual and there were not swelling and bleeding.One days after injury,muscle fibers were fractured,swollen,bleeding and congestive.7 days after injury,large areas of muscle cells were necrotic,and amounts of calcium salt depositsed.14 days after injury,lots of fiber cells proliferated,and the deposits of calcium obviously reduced.The results of ultrasound elastography were consistent with these of pathological.ConclusionsARFI can direct,noninvasively evaluate the changes of muscle tissue restoration after different time of injury,and provide objective basis for diagnosis and treatment.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the rescue and treatment of critical children with tracheobronchial foreign body. METHODS From June 2011 to June 2015,there were 2489 children with tracheobronchial foreign bodies treated in Children's Hospital of HeBei Province, among which 11critical children who were rescued as soon as they came to the hospital. The clinical data of the 11critical children were analyzed. RESULTS All the 11 critical cases endured dyspnea of third degree or more severe and presented severe hypoxia, in which 2 children had been performed tracheal intubation before they came to the hospital and 1 child even showed the symptom of respiratory and cardiac arrest. Among these critical cases, the foreign body was removed directly without anesthesia in 1 child. The other 2 children with severe pneumothorax, mediastinal emphysema and subcutaneous emphysema in neck and chest area were treated by excision and drainage of emphysema firstly, and then the foreign bodies were extracted through bronchoscope after general anesthesia. The another 8 children were performed operations of extraction of bronchial foreign body and then the foreign bodies were taken out. All the 11 critical children were rescued successfully and no death cases happened. CONCLUSION Rapid diagnosis and rapid removal of foreign bodies is the key to save the lives of critical children with tracheobronchial foreign bodies.

Objective To explore the role of rigid bronchoscope in the diagnosis and treatment of plastic bronchitis.Methods Various clinical parameters, the key points of operation and postoperative recovery were analyzed in 8 patients with plastic bronchitis treated in Department and ICU using retrospective analysis.Results All cases demonstrated bronchial lumen stenosis, mucous membraneare coarse, congestion, edema in the affected side.2 cases had follicular hyperplasia, 1 case had a few ooze after taking out the plastic type.All cases had endogenous foreign bodies, taking the shape of the bronchial tree or a funicular.Block shape and sites were as follows: right main bronchus 2 cases, superior lobe of right lung 1 case, right middle bronchial 1 case, left main bronchus 2 cases, 1 case with left lower lobe, right main bronchus and left lower lobe bronchus 1 case.The breath sounds of the affected side become more enhanced after operation, with the alliviation of dyspnea.All cases recovered after ICU treatment.The pathologic examination were all type Ⅰ plastic bronchitis.Conclusions Removement of the endogenous foreign body via rigid bronchoscopy is the effective method in the treatment of plastic bronchitis.Plastic bronchitis is a rapid-developing critical, urgent disease.In order to reduce the mortality, early diagnosis and timely surgery are necessary.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical value of fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the treatment of residual foreign bodies in children after rigid ronchoscopy.METHODS Fiberoptic bronchoscopy was performed in 18 children with residual foreign bodies in the distal bronchus after rigid bronchoscopy between 2012.01 to 2016.12.RESULTS Foreign bodies were found in 17 children,only one case did not found foreign body and was considered to be coughed out.The Foreign bodies were removed in 12 cases under fiberoptic bronchoscopy one time and 5 cases under fiberoptic bronchoscopy more than 2 times.All patients had no laryngeal edema,subcutaneous emphysema,pneumothorax,longitudinal diaphragm emphysema and pneumonia by chest X-ray postoperatively.CONCLUSION Fiberoptic bronchoscopy is a safe and effective method for the diagnosis and treatment of deep residual foreign bodies in children after rigid bronehoscopy.

OBJECTIVE To analyse the result of mastoid abnormal MRI singals in infants without clinical symptoms and to evaluate the diagnostic value. METHODS The MRI data of abnormal signals in the middle ear and mastoid of 42 infants(62 ears) were analyzed with 1000 Hz probe tone tympanometry and oto-endoscope. RESULTS Of the infants with abnormal MRI signals of the middle ear and mastoid, 50 ears were secretory otitis media(80.7％), 10 ears had dysfunction of middle ear (16.1％), and 2 ears were not identified. CONCLUSION In the infant who had a abnormal long T2 singals MRI but without clinical symptoms, 80.7％ were caused by SOM or AOM. It is valuable for clinical efficacy evaluation and treatment planning in advance.

Primary angle-closure glaucoma(PACG)is a common cause of blindness, and angle closure is a fundamental pathologic process in PACG. With the development of ophthalmic equipment, the pathogenesis of PACG has been better understood. In addition to the traditional mechanisms of pupillary block and plateau iris, it has been found that its pathogenesis is not only related to abnormal ocular anatomy, but also more closely related to ocular dynamics, genetic factors, and psychophysiologic stressors. This article summarizes the pathogenesis and risk factors of PACG in conjunction with literature reports, with a view to providing guidance for clinical work and useful theoretical support for early diagnosis and treatment options for glaucoma.

Objective:To explore and analyze the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of infant hairy polyp.Methods:A retrospective analysis was made on 13 cases of hairy polyp confirmed by pathology, who were admitted to the Children′s Hospital of Hebei Province from January 2010 to September 2019, including 4 males and 9 females, with a male-female ratio of 1∶2.25. The age ranged from 3 hours to 1 year, and the median age was 1 month. Twelve of the 13 children were found to have difficulty breathing or feeding. All the children received coblation resection under general anesthesia. The root pedicle of the mass was found in the lateral nasopharyngeal wall in 8 cases, in the junction of palatine and palatopharyngeal arch of tonsil and the tongue and esophageal entrance in 1 case, respectively. Nasal septum was found in 2 cases, including 1 case located between two incisors. The wound at the root pedicle was ablated and the bleeding was stopped completely.Results:Postoperative follow-up lasted from 3 months to 2 years, and there was no recurrence in 12 cases. Fibrolaryngoscope showed a mass of the right eustachian tube and pharyngeal mouth in 1 case 2 years after the surgery, which was considered recurrence of hairy polyps and lost after that.Conclusion:Hairy polyps in infants is a rare clinical disease, and its main symptom is upper respiratory tract obstruction. Early diagnosis and radical surgery are the key to the treatment of the disease.