Background Visual electrophysiology is a sensitive index for the evaluation of visual function.It has an important value in the assessment of traumatic optic neuropathy.Rabbit is an ideal animal model of traumatic optic neuropathy,and it is simple for the record of flash visual evoked potential(F-VEP)in rabbits.ObjectiveThe present study is to establish the animal model of traumatic optic neuropathy with or without lens injury and observe the repairing procedure using F-VEP. MethodsModels of traumatic optic neuropathy associated with lens injury were established in the right eyes and only traumatic optic neuropathy were created in the left eyes of 64 healthy SPF Chinese white rabbits using fluid percussion brain injury device(FPI).F-VEP was recorded based on the Proposal of International Visual Electrophysiology on 1,2,4,7,10,14,21,28 days after injury of optic nerves.Experimental animals were sacrificed in above time points for the histopathological examination.Macrophages were labeled by ED-1 antibody and survival retinal ganglion cells (RGCs)were stained by Nissl method.Results At the first day after injury,the latencies of P_(100) in both group were longer,and the amplitudes of P_(100) in both group were lower than before injury,showing statistically significant differences among different time points(P<0.05),but no significant difference was seen between the two groups(P>0.05).The duration of latency in traumatic optic neuropathy associated with lens injury group was shorter than that in only traumatic optic neuropathy group(P<0.05).The restore of latency in traumatic optic neuropathy associated with lens injury group was much faster than that in only traumatic optic neuropathy group(P<0.05).The numbers of macrophages were significantly increased and numbers of survival RGCs were considerably decreased with lapse of injury time (P<0.05).The abnormalities of VEP P_(100) and RGCs were obviously improved in 28 days after injury in both groups. ConclusionThis animal model can be established successfully by FPI.The result of retinal histopathological examination confirms F-VEP findings in this model.

Objective To understand the cognition and experience of fall prevention amongthe geriatric ward staff. Methods The methods of qualitativeresearch conducted focus groups interviews of the geriatric ward staff. The interview data of focus groups were collated and analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step analysis method. Results A total of 5 themes had been raised: the recognition of the uniqueness of elderly patients; the overestimation of self-competence; the lack of family support; the significance of environment facilities;the problem of cooperation and communication. Conclusions In the prevention of falls in elderly patients, We should identify related promote and hinder factors. And the special needs of elderly patients should be taken into consideration. The prevention strategy of falls prevention is formulated to reduce the incidence of falls.

Comprehensive unit-based safety program(CUSP)is a project aimed at improving the patient safety culture and promoting the safety of patients. As a mature patient safety practice tool, it has carried out various successful research practices in the United States. This article summarizes the contents of the CUSP toolkit and reviews the domestic and international application status of CUSP, then discusses the application value and application space of CUSP in China, in order to provide new ideas for the development of the localized patient safety practice.

Objective:To understand the needs of end-stage cancer patients for hospice care, so as to provide a basis for the development of human-centered quality nursing services in hospice care.Methods:13 patients with end-stage cancer in tumor ward were interviewed by personal in-depth interview, and the data were sorted and analyzed by Colaizzi's seven-step analysis method.Results:A total of four themes of hospice care needs of patients with end-stage cancer were extracted. The need to maintain self-subject: the desire to maintain self-efficacy and self-image of dignity in life; the need to relieve the symptoms of self-discomfort. The need to relieve the physical symptoms and psychological discomfort. Meet the needs of self-determination: participate in medical care decisions and choose comfortable social relationships. Express their own emotional needs: the past farewell and remembrance and future wish to achieve the expectationsConclusions:Patients with end-stage cancer have diverse needs for hospice care. In clinical work, medical staff should adhere to the people-oriented concept, explore patients' needs and preferences, and implement individualized quality nursing measures to meet patients' needs for hospice care.

Objective:To investigate the effect of programmed death receptor (PD)-1 antibody therapy in patients with hepatitis B-associated liver cancer.Methods:Data of 29 chronically infected HBV patients with liver cancer who received PD-1 antibody combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitor in the Department of Infectious Diseases of the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital from March 2020 to January 2021 were selected. At the same time, all of the above-mentioned hepatitis B virus (HBV) patients were treated with nucleos(t)ide analogues. Patients clinical diagnostic data, laboratory test results, tumor response and the incidence of adverse reactions were collected retrospectively to understand the overall safety, therapeutic anti-tumor effect, HBV changes condition and the correlation between HBV changes and anti-tumor PD-1 antibody efficacy, high viral load treatment condition, and HBV reactivation safety issues. Statistical analysis was performed by non-parametric rank sum test.Results:Therapeutic anti-tumor effect and safety profile were good in patients. The complete remission rate was reached 27.6%. Adverse reactions were mostly mild, and the incidence of serious adverse reactions was low. After 12 weeks of follow-up, HBV DNA and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was quantitatively decreased ( P < 0.05). HBV DNA and HBsAg were decreased more significantly in patients with progressive disease (PD), stable disease (SD) and partial response (PR) ( P < 0.05). Five patients with HBV DNA ≥ 10 4 IU/ml had responded well to the tumor treatment without serious adverse reactions. One patient had a slight increase in HBV DNA and alanine aminotransferase, while there was no HBV reactivation and correlated liver damage. Conclusion:Patients with HBV-associated liver cancer who received combined therapy have good anti-tumor efficacy and safety profile. PD-1 treatment has a certain effect on HBV. Compared with non-responders, patients with tumor response have better antiviral treatment efficacy. The safety of treatment in patients with high viral load is manageable, and there are no safety issues related to HBV reactivation.

Objective: To systematic evaluate the real experience of patients after falling during hospitalization and qualitative research on the cognition and demand for fall prevention will provide theoretical basis for patients, their families, medical staff and medical institutions to better carry out fall prevention. Methods: English databases such as PsycINFO, Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane, PubMed, and Chinese databases such as Chinese biomedical literature database, CNKI, Wanang database were retrieved by computer. Included qualitative studies on the emotional experience of fall of inpatients and their cognition and needs for fall prevention. The retrieval time limit was until November 1, 2018.The literature was evaluated using the quality evaluation criteria for qualitative research (2016) of the JBI evidence-based health care center, and the results were integrated using a pooled integration method. Results: A total of 8 studies were included, and 33 clear research results were extracted. Similar results were summarized and combined to form 7 new categories, which were integrated into 4 results. Results 1: psychological experience of hospitalized patients after falling down. Integration results 2: the causes of falls from the perspective of inpatients. Integration results 3: hospital fall prevention measures and evaluation from the perspective of inpatients. Integration result 4: inpatients expected to receive care from their families and help from medical staff. Conclusion Fall events seriously affect the mental health of patients; Patients′ cognition of falling is affected and changed by many factors. Fall prevention should shift from clinical focus to patient-centered and attach importance to the participation of family members.