In the early 20th century,the term Nursing was introduced into China.In 1884,with the arrival of the first batch of missionary nurse,modern nursing initiated by Nightingale was introduced into China and greatly changed the way of care.The missionary nurses were full of enthusiasm for the spreading Gospel of Christ,the love for nursing care and the empathy for Chinese people;and encountered the lack of staff and material,the mis-understanding and resistance from the local people and other multiple tests.With the untiring effort of them and the trained local nurses,China had led the international care in nursing education and practice standard.Based on this,nursing in Shandong gradually rose and had an unprecedented development as a new medical subject.By clearing up and consulting Chinese and English historical materials,this paper reviewed the 60 years of the mission-ary nurses in China,saw the early development of nursing in our country from the budding and development of Shandong nursing and provided more insights for understanding and solving the complex problems contemporary Chinese nursing faces.

Objective To understand the cognition and experience of fall prevention amongthe geriatric ward staff. Methods The methods of qualitativeresearch conducted focus groups interviews of the geriatric ward staff. The interview data of focus groups were collated and analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step analysis method. Results A total of 5 themes had been raised: the recognition of the uniqueness of elderly patients; the overestimation of self-competence; the lack of family support; the significance of environment facilities;the problem of cooperation and communication. Conclusions In the prevention of falls in elderly patients, We should identify related promote and hinder factors. And the special needs of elderly patients should be taken into consideration. The prevention strategy of falls prevention is formulated to reduce the incidence of falls.

Objective To discuss the clinical value of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of inner ear lesion.Methods 94 patients who took magnetic resonance imaging water imaging were selected as study subjects from February 2014 to October 2016 in Heilongjiang Province Hospital.All the patients had surgical data,CT,MRI water imaging data.Based on the standard data of surgery gold,analyzed the sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of CT and MRI in the diagnosis of inner ear lesions,compared the statistical differences between the two methods of examination.Results The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of MRI water imaging in diagnosis of inner ear werehigher than CT,but the differences were no statistically significant (all P ＞ 0.05).In the case of abnormal vestibular aqueduct (x2 =7.265,P =0.015),cochlear deformity (x2 =5.042,P =0.028),diagnostic accuracy of cochlear fibrosis (x2 =5.492,P =0.027),the differences were statistically significant(all P ＜ O.05).Conclusion MRI water imaging can effectively provide the information of ear canal,eudometrial and other internal organs,can provide a favorable clinical diagnosis,it is worth to promote the application in the clinical work.

Objective: To analyze the changes of protein expression in aqueous humor of patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), and to explore the biological markers and potential therapeutic targets associated with disease occurrence. Methods: A retrospective case-control study was adopted.Ten patients with age-related cataract and 10 patients with POAG combined with cataract.were collected at the Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital from October 2016 to December 2017.In the process of surgery, 100 μl of aqueous humor were collected with 1 ml syringe and No.1 needle through the surgical access.Those proteins extracted from aqueous humor were analyzed by quantitative proteomic mass spectrometry.The differential significance test was performed by Maxquant significances A. The differential proteins of the two groups were screened and determined with the conditions of P<0.05 and difference multiple>2.The biological big data was annotated by the function of GO and KEGG.The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital (No.2013KY[L]-10). Patients and their guardians all signed the informed consent. Results: Ninty-seven differential proteins were detected in this proteomic analysis, including 48 up-regulated proteins and 49 down-regulated proteins.GO analysis significantly differs in protein function involved in many aspects, some different proteins including lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), cluster of Differentiation 163(CD163), C-reactive protein (CRP), annexin A1 (ANXA1) were involved in inflammation; redox-related proteins were glutathione S-transferase P (GSTP1), thioredoxin (TXN), some different proteins related with cell adhesion movement were cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), desmocollin-2 (DSC2) and laminin subunit beta-2 (LAMB2); procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 1 (PLOD1), solid protein (tenascin, TNC) are associated with fibrosis; some different proteins related to nerve growth were reelin (RELN), semaphorin-3F(SEMA3F), semaphorin-4B(SEMA4B). Metabolism-related proteins included pyruvate kinase (PKM), carb oxypeptidase N subunit 2 (CPN2) and so on.KEGG analysis indicated that the expression of NrF2/ERK signaling pathway and TGF-β/NF-κB signaling pathway were different between the two groups. Conclusions The expression of GSTP1 and TXN in the aqueous humor of POAG is significantly decreased, which may regulate cell adhesion and activity and expression of extracellular matrix by regulating NrF2/ERK1/2 and TGF-β/NF-κB signaling pathways.GSTP1 and TXN may serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target of POAG.

Objective:To investigate the effect of Mediterranean diet on blood glucose control and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods:As to December 2021, the PubMed, Cochrance Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrance Database, Cochranc Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Medical Network system were searched for clinical randomized controlled trials(RCTs) of Mediterranean diet in patients with type 2 diabetes to conduct Meta-analysis The main observation index were cardiovascular risk factors, and the mean difference and its 95% confidence interval were used to estimate the effect size.Results:There were six RCTs, and 1181 patients met the inclusion criteria and entered the Meta-analysis. Compared with the control group, the intervention group can significantly reduce the level of systolic blood pressure ( MD=-1.20, 95% CI-2.21 to -0.19) and diastolic blood pressure ( MD=-4.17, 95% CI-7.12 to -1.22) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but there were no significant difference in the level of TC ( MD=2.92, 95% CI-0.84 to-6.67), HDL ( MD=2.33, 95% CI-0.27 to -4.92) and LDL ( MD=-2.34, 95% CI-5.67 to -0.99) between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions:The meta-analysis provided evidence the Mediterranean diet showed the beneficial improvements in blood pressure glycemic control, but the effect of Mediterranean diet on lipid profile was not significant, which needed further verification.

Objective: To systematic evaluate the real experience of patients after falling during hospitalization and qualitative research on the cognition and demand for fall prevention will provide theoretical basis for patients, their families, medical staff and medical institutions to better carry out fall prevention. Methods: English databases such as PsycINFO, Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane, PubMed, and Chinese databases such as Chinese biomedical literature database, CNKI, Wanang database were retrieved by computer. Included qualitative studies on the emotional experience of fall of inpatients and their cognition and needs for fall prevention. The retrieval time limit was until November 1, 2018.The literature was evaluated using the quality evaluation criteria for qualitative research (2016) of the JBI evidence-based health care center, and the results were integrated using a pooled integration method. Results: A total of 8 studies were included, and 33 clear research results were extracted. Similar results were summarized and combined to form 7 new categories, which were integrated into 4 results. Results 1: psychological experience of hospitalized patients after falling down. Integration results 2: the causes of falls from the perspective of inpatients. Integration results 3: hospital fall prevention measures and evaluation from the perspective of inpatients. Integration result 4: inpatients expected to receive care from their families and help from medical staff. Conclusion Fall events seriously affect the mental health of patients; Patients′ cognition of falling is affected and changed by many factors. Fall prevention should shift from clinical focus to patient-centered and attach importance to the participation of family members.