Objective To assess the value of a fibrin-targeted contrast agent (EP-2104R) for MR detection of thrombus, and to compare this modality with non-contrast-enhanced (NCE) MRI and Gd-DTPA injection at acute period after thrombus generation. Methods Thrombus was induced with external injury and stasis in 5 rabbits. MRI was performed before and after contrast agent injection at 6.0 h after injury, and the MRI findings were compared with that of histopathologically examinations. Results EP-2104R enhanced MRI accurately detected thrombus, which was superior to both NCE and Gd-DTPA injection (P<0.001). Gd-DTPA injection was not associated with improvement of thrombus detection. Conclusion Being a fibrin-targeted MR contrast agent for in vivo detection of acute thrombus, EP-2104R is superior to NCE MRI and Gd-DTPA injection.

With continuous improvement of people's living standards, great efforts have been paid to environmental protection. Among those environmental issues, soil contamination by petroleum hydrocarbons has received widespread concerns due to the persistence and the degradation difficulty of the pollutants. Among the various remediation technologies, in-situ microbial remediation enhancement technologies have become the current hotspot because of its low cost, environmental friendliness, and in-situ availability. This review summarizes several in-situ microbial remediation technologies such as bioaugmentation, biostimulation, and integrated remediation, as well as their engineering applications, providing references for the selection of in-situ bioremediation technologies in engineering applications. Moreover, this review discusses future research directions in this area.
Biodegradation, Environmental ; Humans ; Hydrocarbons ; Petroleum ; Soil ; Soil Microbiology ; Soil Pollutants