Osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic bone formation are coordinated as a coupled mechanism to effect the development of bone and to maintain bone homeostasis. Recently reported Eph/ephrin bidirectional signaling between osteoclasts and osteoblasts plays a pivol role in bone homeostasis and casts new light on coupling of bone resorption and bone formation, which is gaining more and more attention in researches of bone biology and bone diseases. The present article aims to address the researches on the Eph/ephrin bidirectional signaling between osteoblasts and osteoclasts with molecular constitution, mechanism of the signal transduction, biological significance and so on.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of poloxamer 188 as co-emulsifier on the pharmaceutical property of emulsion.METHODS: Diclofenac sodium was used as model drug and poloxamer 188 as co-emulsifier,the emulsion was prepared by high pressure homogen-colostrum pH adjusting method,with its entrapment efficiency,particle size,?-electric potential etc determined.RESULTS: The emulsion which was added with poloxamer 188 showed decreased entrapment efficiency and ?-electric potential but increased particle size as comapred with the one without poloxamer 188.CONCLUSION: The pharmaceutical property of emulsion wouldn't necessarily be enhanced by adding poloxamer 188 as co-emulsifier.

Objective To explore the psychological status of the patients with breast cancer and its influencing factors.Methods The psychological health status in 896 patients with breast cancer and 1 419 patients with benign breast diseases were surveyed and analyzed by adopting the Self-reporting Inventory(SCL-90).At the same time,SCL-90 was also used to analyze the differences of psychological health status among breast cancer patients with different occupations,degrees of education and family support attitudes.Results The each factor scores in breast cancer patients were higher than those in benign breast disease patients(P＜0.05).The scores of obsessive symptoms and somatization factor in breast cancer patients were higher than those of other factors(P＜0.05).In breast cancer patients,the proportion of workers and cadres with obsessive symptoms was higher than that of farmers.The family support attitude was good,and the proportion of obsessive symptoms was lower.The higher the education level,the lower the proportion of somatic symptoms.Conclusion Aiming at the existence of mental problems of higher somatization and obsessive symptoms,conducting the psychological counseling and intervention can improve the quality of life in the patients with breast cancer.

Objective To study the effects of the active components of eight kin ds of Chinese herbs on cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP) 1A1,2E1,3A4 and 3A5 mRNA expression. Methods The mRNA expression levels of four CYP enzymes were determin ed by real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results Baicalin,baicalein and artemisinin induced CYP1A1 expression at differe nt concentrations. Compared with baicalin and baicalein,the effect of artemisin in was weaker. The expression of CYP3A4 gene was significantly obvious after ind uced by sodium aescinate,baicalein and artemisinin. Conclusion HepG2 cells shou ld be an appropriate in-vitro system for investigating potential human CYP indu cing agents. CYP1A1 and CYP3A4 expression could be significantly induced by baic alin,baicalein,artemisinin and sodium aescinate,which would supply the eviden ce for the interaction of herbal medicine and western medicine based on cytochro me P450 and toxicology.

The incidence of colorectal cancer is high among the elderly. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used in the treatment for colorectal cancer of old people. However, controlled trials with large sample size evaluating the effect of TCM are rare.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of amplitude of intraoperative nerve action potentials (NAP) for early quantitative diagnosis of peripheral nerve injury. Methods The sciatic nerve injury model were established in 16 rabbits. Intraoperative NAP were recorded after 4 weeks. According to amplitude of NAP, the injuried nerve were divided into 3 groups: NAP ＜ 100 μV in A group, 100 μV ≤NAP ＜ 500 μV in B group, NAP ≥ 500 μV in C group. Nerve specimen 1cm distal to injuried point were resected that received glycine silver stain and image analysis including number, diameter and cross section area of regenerative axons. Footprint parameter and ulcer area were measured and contrasted between each two groups. Results The number, diameter and cross section area of A group regenerative axons have significant difference with B and C group, no significant difference between B and C group; Footprint parameter and ulcer area have significant difference in each two groups. Conclusion Amplitude of intraoperative NAP can be a quantitative criteria to diagnose the degree of peripheral nerve injury that provides experiment evidence for guide intraoperative decision-making in clinical practice.

The multidisciplinary synthetic therapy for the colorectal liver metastases has been a hot spot in clinical research,which includes operative therapy,tumor local therapy,conversion therapy,chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapy and so on. It is need to choose multiple therapies for the patients and make the whole treatment strategy in accordance with the condition of patients to maximize the survival benefit in clinical prac-tice. So,it is important to comprehend the newest research process of the clinical therapy to make a good choice for the colorectal liver metastases patients.

Objective To investigate the effects of gene transfection with human growth/differentiation factor 5(GDF5)on the growth and difierentiation of bone nlarrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs).Methods GDF5 gene was trans fected into BMSCs by liposome method. Then cell proliferation and cycles were examined by MTT and flow cytometry respectively. Cell morphology was observed under light microscope and electron microscope (EM).GDF5 and Collagen Ⅱ were detected at the level of mRNA and protein by RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry. Alkaline phosphate activity was examined by lead citrate method. Osteocalcin mRNA expression was determined bv RT-PCR. ResulIs GDF5 gene was transfected into BMSCs successfully and the transfected cells still maintained their natural growth and proliferation features. Stable expression of GDF5 gene in BMSCs was obtained. The trans fected ceils had basically the same proliferation ability and cell cycles as the untransfccted ones. After transfection comparatively more polygonal cells could be seen in light microscope, showing irregular arrangement mode. Plenty organells were observed and cell nucleus showed irregular shape under EM. The expressions of Collagen Ⅱ mRNA and protein were positive. But osteocalcin mRNA expression was negative. Conclusion Since BMSCs can be induced by GDF5 to differentiate into chondrogenic cells. GDF5 gene-modified BMSCs may be used as candidate seed cells of cartilage tissue engineering.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of plate fixation with in situ reinforcing ulnar nerve and anterior transposition by olecranon osteotomy approach in the treatment of type C2 and C3 humeral intercondylar fractures.Methods A retrospective case control study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 23 patients with humeral intercondylar fractures admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University from June 2014 to January 2017.There were 17 males and six females,aged 19-56 years,with an average of 41.2 years.According to AO classification,there were 15 patients with type C2 and eight with type C3.All patients were treated with plate internal fixation by olecranon osteotomy approach.The patients were divided into anterior group (11 patients) which was treated with ulnar nerve release anterior transposition and in situ reinforcing group (12 patients) which was treated with ulnar nerve release in situ.The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,fracture healing time,elbow flexion and extension range,elbow joint Mayo score,and excellent and good rate were compared between the two groups.Postoperative complications were recorded.Results All patients were followed up for 15-43 months,with an average of 26.7 months.All patients had no need of blood transfusion.There were no significant differences between anterior group and in situ reinforcing group in operation time [(219.1 15.1) minutes vs.(211.2 ± 17.1) minutes],intraoperative blood loss [(263.6 ± 35.3) ml vs.(237.5 ±25.6)ml] and fracture healing time [(18.2±2.4)weeksvs.(18.9±1.7)weeks] (P＞0.05).Nosignificant differences were found between the two groups in elbow flexion [(120.3 ±7.1) ° vs.(120.3 ±4.1)°],straightness [(3.7±2.7)° vs.(4.1 2.4)°],Mayo score [(89.09 ±9.17)points vs.(86.67 ±10.29)points] and excellent and good rate [91％ (10/12) vs.83％ (10/12)] (P ＞0.05).After operation,no complications such as infection,heterotopic ossification,ulnar neuritis,elbow valgus deformity,or internal fixation failure occurred.Conclusions For humeral intercondylar fracture,the plate fixation with in situ reinforcing ulnar nerve and anterior transposition by olecranon osteotomy approach both have advantages such as small surgical trauma,strong fixation,fewer complications,satisfactory recovery of elbow function.Ulnar nerve anterior transposition or not does not affect the occurrence of ulnar neuritis,and both can obtain satisfactory clinical efficacy.

The integral mature peptide gene of human growth differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) was cloned to provide the essential foundation for study on the biological characteristics of GDF-5 at gene and protein levels. Two primers were chemosynthesized according to the hGDF-5 sequence reported in Genbank. The hGDF-5 gene was gained by RT-PCR methods from the total RNA extracted from human fetus cartilage tissue, and was cloned into vector pMD18-T. The sequence of recombinant plasmid pMD18-T-hGDF-5 was analyzed by sequence analysis. DNA agarose gel electrophoresis showed that the product of RT-PCR was about 380bp, and double enzyme digestion of the recombinant plasmid corresponded with it. The result of sequence assay was in agreement with the reported hGDF-5 sequence in Genbank. Our results showed that the integral mature peptide gene of human GDF-5 was cloned successfully from human fetal cartilage tissue, and totally identified with the sequence of human GDF-5 in Genbank.
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Cartilage ; chemistry ; Cloning, Molecular ; Fetus ; Genetic Vectors ; Growth Differentiation Factor 5 ; Humans ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; biosynthesis ; genetics