This paper introduced the current situation of the talent training system of French nursing college, including enrollment conditions, length of schooling, training objectives, teaching methods, curriculum framework, etc., in order to explore the way of localization of nursing talents training reform, and hope to further strengthen the cooperation and training of colleges and universities, to explore the diversified enrollment mode of students,to deepen the training mode guided by working competence, and to enhance unique and internationalization of Nursing courses.

AIM: To establish the capillary GC method for separating and determining both camphor and menthol in Compound Dexamethasone Acetate Cream. METHODS: The methyl salicylate was used as internal substance and the sample solution was prepared by extracting with anhydrous ethanol at(60 ?C.) The GC test conditions consisted of Agilent HP-INNOWAX(30 m?0.320 mm?0.25 ?m) as the stationary phase,nitrogen as the carrier gas,split ratio of 25.0(∶)1.The flow rate was 1.5 mL/min,column temperature was at 145?C,inlet temperature was(200 ?C),FID detection was(250 ?C),injection volume was 0.6 ?L. RESULTS: The linearities of camphor and menthol were good,in the range of 0.303-3.030 g/L with r=0.999 9 for camphor and in the range (0.306)-(3.060) g/L with r=0.999 9 for menthol.The average recoveries of high,middle and low three concentrations for menthol were 100.6%,100.2%, 99.7%;RSD was 0.58%,0.65%,0.88% and for camphor were 100.3%,(99.8%),(97.8%);RSD was 0.43%,0.78%,1.0%. CONCLUSION: This method is convenient,rapid,accurate and reproducible,and can be used for quality control of Compound Dexamethasone Acetate Cream.

Objective To observe the changes of CD_(28) and soluble CD_(27)(sCD_(27)) among HIV-1-infected Chinese patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART) and to explore their clinical significance.Methods The HIV-RNA viral load(VL) and cell counts of CD_3~+CD_4~+,CD_3~+CD_8~+,CD_4~+CD_(45)RA~+CD_(62)L~+,CD_4~+CD_(28)~+,CD_8~+CD_(28)~+ and the content of sCD_(27) were determined in 28 cases of HIV-1-infected patients at the baseline and 12,24 and 48 weeks respectively after the treatment with three drug regimens based on two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NRTIs) and an Non-NRTI(NNRTI) for 1 year.Results The average of HIV-RNA VL before the treatment was 5.25 logs,and decreased to 3.30,1.92 and 1.74 logs after the treatment for 12,24 and 48 weeks respectively.The cell counts of CD_3~+CD_4~+,CD_3~+CD_8~+,CD_4~+CD_(45)RA~+62L~+,CD_4~+CD_(28)~+,CD_8~+CD_(28)~+ before the treatment were(236?85),(917?345),(58?15),(175?63) and(285?87) cells/?l,and changed into(327?112),(803?343),(114?25),(286?132) and(387?201) cells/?l after the treatment for 48 weeks respectively.The content of sCD_(27) decreased from(475?123) U/ml to(174?77) U/ml after the treatment for 48 weeks.The HIV RNA VL had significantly negative correlation with cell counts of CD_4~+T,CD_4~+CD_(28)~+ and CD_8~+CD_(28)~+,and there was positive correlation between HIV RNA VL and the level of sCD_(27).Conclusion The immune reconstitution and activation depend on the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy.The HIV RNA VL and cell counts of CD_4~+T are the representative parameters of immunologic and viral responses of HAART.The cell counts of CD_4~+CD_(28)~+ and CD_8~+CD_(28)~+ and their percentages show concomitant changes with viral load,and play an effective role in the progression and prognosis of AIDS.The level of sCD_(27) is positively correlated with HIV RNA VL and negatively with counts of CD_4~+T cell.The detection of sCD_(27) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),which is much more convenient and cheaper than RT-PCR and flow cytometry,may serve as an important parameter to judge the pathogenetic condition of HIV-1-infected patients and to examine the therapeutic effects of HAART in the medical resource-limited area.

Objective:We clarify the relationship between dysfunction of gastric motility and the plasma motilin,in order to study the pathogenesis,diagnosis and therapy of the hepatocirrhosis with dyspepsia.Methods:The liquid gastric emptying (GE),electrogastrograpgy(EGG) and plasma motilin were examined in 51 patients with hepatocirrhosis.Results:The dysfunction of gastric motility is associated with the liver function,gastric rhythm and upper gastrointestinal symptom.The plasma motilin concentration increased significantly in patients with hepatocirrhosis as compared with that of controls (P<0.01).The sorbefacient prokinetic drug (prepulsid) can improve the function of gastric power,but the lever of motilin no change.Conclusion:The patients with hepatocirrhosis have the dysfunction of gastric motility,and gastric emptying delayed,and there is a relation between GE and the liver function.We evaluate that this disorder is associated with the low sensitivity about stomach to the plasma molitin in this case.We can judge the degree of the liver damage,gastric emptying delayed.gastric rhythm by testing the gastric motilin.Drug can deal it.

Objective To investigate renal interstitial fibrosis and the expression of inflammatory factor in mice kedney with the Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction(UUO).Methods Mice were randomly assigned to shame operation group (shame proup ), UUO group. The protein expression of?-SMA and Vimentin were assessed by immunohistochemistry and the protein expression of ICAM-1 were assessed by Western-blotting; MCP-1 mRNA were detected by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses(RT-PCR). Results In comparison with the shame group, the mRNA expression, protein levels of ?-SMA, Vimentin of UUO mice groups increased significantly. At the same timre, the protein expression ICAM-1 and the mRNA expression MCP-1 in UUO mice significantly higher than normal group.Conclusions Unilateral ureteral obstruction could induce the transdifferentiation of renal interstitial cells. It may partially related to the high expression of ICAM-1and MCP-1.

Objective: To investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and the possible mechanism of water and ethanol extracts of propolis. Method: Forty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: normal group, model group, medicine groups, two groups treated with water and ethanol extracts of propolis. The acute pleurisy model was established by injecting carrageenan. The effects of propolis on acute pleurisy was studied by counting leukocytes, measuring the content of MDA, lysozyme and activity of SOD in serum and the content of NO, protein and PGE2 in pleural effusion. Results: The propolis solutions extracted by water and ethanol presented obvious effect on inflammation. It could antagonize the purulent pleurisy, reduce the number of leukocytes and the content of MDA, lysozyme and activity of SOD in serum and the contents of NO, protein and PGE2 and decrease the inflammation. Conclusion: Propolis displays anti-inflammatory effects by decreasing the action of NO and PGE2 and preventing the activation of protein kinase.

AIM: To study the effect of propolis on the expression of CD54 and activation of NF-?B p65 in lung tissue of acute lung injury (ALI) rats. METHODS: 40 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: normal control, model control, dectancyl group, water soluble derivative of propolis (WSP) group and ethanol extracted propolis (EEP) group. ALI animal model was performed by oleic acid and LPS twice attack. The pathologic slice was observed with light microscope and the NF-?B p65 activity and CD54 expression were tested by immunohistochemistry (SABC and SP). RESULTS: Both EEP and WSP antagonized the lung edema, decreased the inflammation and inhibited the expression of CD54 and activation of NF-?B p65. CONCLUSION: The increase in the expression of CD54 and the activation of NF-?B p65 in the lung tissues of ALI were involved in the formation of ALI. Propolis ameliorated the lung damage, which maybe related to the inhibition of CD54 expression and NF-?B p65 activation.

Objective To study the role of CXC chemokine receptor 5 (CXCR5) in the pathogenesis of bullous pemphigoid (BP) by detecting the expression of CXCR5 on follicular helper T (Tfh) cells in skin lesions of BP.Methods An immunohistochemical procedure was used to detect CXCR5 expression in biopsy specimens from skin lesions of 16 patients with BP and normal skin of 10 healthy individuals.Results CXCR5 was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm and membrane of Tfh cells in the basal cell layer of normal skin as well as in both basal cell layer and prickle cell layer of BP lesions.The number of CXCR5-positive ceils per high power field (× 400) was 11.16 ± 4.47 in normal skin specimens,significantly lower than that in lesional skin specimens (35.70 ± 12.20,t =6.07,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion CXCR5 may be involved in the pathogenesis of BP.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical application of antimicrobial agents and give corresponding analysis.METHODS Totally 1453 cases from Dec 2005 to Jan 2006 were investigated retrospectively according to questionaire,and the usage of antibiotics was analyzed according to the standards.RESULTS Among 1453 cases,1155 cases used antibiotic and accounted for 79.5%,of which 47.3% cases were for single-drug therapy,44.1% cases for dual-drug therapy,7.4% cases were for tri-drug therapy and 1.2% cases for more than four kinds drugs.The top five departments in usage amount of antibiotics were stomatology,burn,surgery,pediatrics and respiratory departments.The most common antibiotics were cephalosporins,nitromidazole and catastaltica containing enzymes.The main irrational application of antibiotics included medication without indication,using high standard medicine and illogicality course of treatment and so on.CONCLUSIONS The application of antibiotics in internal medicine still has some irrational phenomenon,therefore,the training of correlated knowledge and regulations should be strengthened.

OBJECTIVETo explore the diagnosis, treatment and long-term outcome of late acute rejection (LAR) following adult orthotropic liver transplantation (OLT).

METHODSA total of 398 consecutive adult patients who underwent OLT in Organ Transplant Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University between January 2007 and December 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. There were 48 patients (12. 1%) developed to LAR, including 43 male patients and 5 female patients, with an average age of (52 ± 13) years(18 - 70 years). The mean body mass index was (22.1 ± 4. 5) kg/m2 (15. 4 - 30. 4 kg/m2). The indications of the liver transplantation recipients included 16 cases of end-staged liver cirrhosis after hepatitis B or C(33. 3%), 14 cases with severe hepatitis (29. 2%), 9 cases of primary liver cancer(18. 5%), 5 cases of alcoholic liver cirrhosis (10. 4%), 1 case with autoimmune liver disease (2. 1%) , the other 3 cases (6. 3%). They were followed up by outpatient service, telephone and other means. Survival curves were generated with the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards modeling was used for predictors of mortality. Statistically significant variables found by single factor regression analysis were put into the Cox proportional hazards regression model of multivariate analysis.

RESULTSThe time-to-event was 23. 6 months after OLT which were more common in the first year to the third year post-transplant (26/48,52. 4%). Thirty-five cases were assessed as mild, 11 cases were assessed as moderate, and 2 cases were assessed as severe ,based on the Banff schema. After adjustment to the immunosuppressive regimen, the overall recovery rate reached to 81. 3%. The rate of steroid-resistant acute rejection was 11. 8% (4/34). Inadequate immunosuppression and steroid pulsation were two independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of LAR (P = 0. 008, P = 0. 003, respectively).

CONCLUSIONSLAR is an uncommon complication after OLT. Inadequate immunosuppression and steroid pulsation are the major risk factors for prognosis of LAR. Improving patient compliance and strengthening blood concentration surveillance can increase the patient survival.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Graft Rejection ; diagnosis ; mortality ; therapy ; Hepatitis B ; Humans ; Immunosuppression ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver Neoplasms ; Liver Transplantation ; mortality ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Steroids ; Young Adult