Objective To investigate the degradation rate of profenofos in soil. Methods The residues of profenofos at different times after spraying on soil were determined by GC-FPD method. Results Detection limit of profenofos in soil was 0.04 mg/kg. The recovery rates and relative standard deviation obtained by adding standard assay were 95.2%～98.7% and 3.4%～4.5% respectively. According to the dose recommended, degradation of profenofos sprayed on soil was consistent with one range dynamics. The half-life of profenofos in soil was 1.09 days. At the 13th day after spraying on soil, 98.3% of profenofos had degraded. Conclusion This method was simple, rapid, accurate and precise. The degradation of profenofos was more rapid and profenofos contamination in soil was not a serious problem.

AIM: Supercritical CO_2 extraction of Rhizoma Chuanxiong volatile oil was studied under conditions of extraction temperature between 33-48 ℃,pressure between 10-25 MPa and CO_2 flow rate between 2-4 L?min -1 .Influence of extraction conditions on solubility and mass transfer rate were analyzed. METHODS: Based on plug flow in fixed bed,experimental extraction curves were evaluated using a model put forward by Stastova.And the effects of extraction conditions on mass transfer coefficients were also analyzed. RESULTS: Coefficient of mass transfer was slowly increased as the extraction temperature elevated,and was in accord with flow and in contrast with pressure. CONCLUSION:The method has a practical use value in the extraction of Rhizoma Chuanxiong volatile oil.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of morphological abnormalities of the internal carotid artery and relationship with ischemic cerebrovascular disease and carotid atherosclerosis.Methods A total of 511 consecutive patients were enrolled in this study and carotid abnormalities were classified according to the criteria of Wain and Metz by combining high-and low-frequency ultraaonography prospectively.Relationship of carotid abnormalities to ischemic cerebrovascular disease and carotid atherosclerosis were analyzed.Results Of the 511 cases,abnormalities of the internal carotid artery were found in 256(50.1 ％),the unilateral carotid abnormalities were found in 121(23.7％),and the bilateral in 135(26.4％),respectively.There was significantly difference in prevalence of kinking and coiling between ischemic stroke and asymptomatic group(P＜0.001),and prevalence of carotid abnormalities in the plaques and arteriosclerosis groups were statistically higher than the normal group(P＜0.001).Conclusions The kinking and coiling of the internal carotid artery could be additive risk factors in the pathophysiology of an ischemic stroke,and carotid morphological abnormalities could be responsible for carotid atherosclerosis partly.

Objective To investigate the relationship between nuclear factor(NF)-κB activity and lactacystin induced prostate cancer cell apoptosis.Methods Two prostate cancer cell were divided into two groups:blank control group treated with culture solution,lactacystin group treated with different concentration of lactacystin(0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0 μ mol/L),the action time were 8,16 and 24 hours.The cell survival rate was measured by MTT assay.NF-κB DNA binding activity was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,the expression of NF-κB P65 nuclear protein was detected by Western blot assay,and caspase-3 activity was analyzed by enzyme analysis assay.Results On basal condition,the NF-κ B DNA binding activity was much higher in DU145 cell than that in LNCaP cell(t=4.728,P=0.001).Compared with blank control group,different concentration of lactacystin groups'NF-κ B DNA binding activity in both the LNCaP and DU145 cell were reduced.The expression of NF-κB p65 nuclear protein decreased along with raising of lactacystin concentration in LNCaP cell,but it did not change in DU145 cell.On basal condition,caspase-3activity in DU145 cell was higher than that in LNCaP cell(t=4.519,P=0.001).After lactacystin acting of 24 hours,caspase-3 activity increased along with raising of lactacystin concentration in both the LNCaP and DU145 cell(2.0 μmol/L lactacystin group compared with 1.0 μmol/L lactacystin group,DU145 cell P=0.000,LNCaP cell P=0.000).Conclusions Lactacystin has different killing effects on prostate cancer cell.The mechanism may be related to inducing the apoptosis by down-regulation of NF-κB activity.There may be additional cell survival/death pathway in androgen-independent prostate cancer cell.

Objective To investigate color Doppler flow imaging features of the ophthalmic artery,external carotid artery,which is known the secondary compensatory collateral circle,in patients with unilateral internal carotid artery occlusion.Methods A total of 42 patients with unilateral internal carotid artery occlusion were enrolled,and ipsilateral and contralateral ophthalmic artery,external carotid artery were examined by color Doppler flow imaging,prospectively,peak systolic velocity,pulsatility index and resistance index were analyzed and compared with findings of control group.Results In the 42 cases with internal carotid artery occlusion,the compensatory collateral circle was observed by the external carotid artery and ophthalmic branches,through their communicating arteries in 40 (95.2％) cases of chronic occlusion.Compared with the contralateral side,the ophthalmic arteries were characterized by retrograde blood flow,peak backward shifting,increase of diameter [(1.91 ± 0.53) mm vs (1.69 ± 0.34) mm,P =0.009] and peak systolic velocity [(43.41 ± 27.28) cm/s vs (29.91 ± 14.16) cm/s,P =0.003],reduced pulsatility index (1.18 ± 0.49 vs 1.69 ± 0.73,P =0.000) and resistance index (0.65 ± 0.26 vs 0.75 ±0.12,P =0.000),and prolonged acceleration time [(147.71 ± 56.16)ms vs (51.80 ± 7.81)ms,P =0.000].Ophthalmic arteries had antegrade blood flow with a decrease of peak systolic velocity and resistance in another two cases of acute thrombosis of ICA.Conclusions External-ophthalmic-internal carotid artery passway is another compensatory collateral circle for the chronic occlusion,but only by ipsilateral and contralateral internal carotid artery circle,for acute thrombosis.

Objective To approach the protective effect of dexmedetomidine on mechanically ventilated patients with pulmonary contusion. Methods A prospective randomly controlled trial was conducted. 70 mechanically ventilated patients with pulmonary contusion from January 2010 to December 2012 in the Critical Care Medicine of Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were divided into a control group and a therapy group by the difference in number odd or even,with 35 patients in each group. Based on the same principles of comprehensive treatment,the control group used midazolam,and the therapy group used dexmedetomidine for sedation. The measured parameters included oxygenation index(PaO2/FiO2),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6), and extra-vacular lung water index(EVLWI)for both groups on the1st and 5th day. The incidence of delirium,the time of mechanical ventilation,and the incidence of hypotension were observed in both groups. Results Compared with those on the 1st day,TNF-α,IL-6 and EVLWI on the 5th day were decreased significantly in both groups〔the control group TNF-α(ng/L):1.29±0.38 vs. 2.21±0.37,IL-6(ng/L):97.97±28.77 vs. 131.03±41.52,EVLWI (mL/kg):8.25±2.03 vs. 11.96±3.36;the therapy group TNF-α:1.06±0.33 vs. 2.32±0.37,IL-6:82.07±23.35 vs. 134.98±64.25, EVLWI(mL/kg):6.74±1.33 vs. 11.23±2.78, all P<0.05〕, PaO2/FiO2 was increased obviously〔mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),the control group:285.80±30.65 vs. 213.00±33.70,the therapy group:315.00±34.50 vs. 229.50±37.00,both P<0.05〕,TNF-αand IL-6 had no significant difference compared between the therapy group and control group(TNF-α:1.06±0.33 vs. 1.29±0.38,IL-6:82.07±23.35 vs. 97.97±28.77), while EVLWI and PaO2/FiO2 in the therapy group had remarkable differences compared with those of the control group〔EVLWI(mL/kg):6.74±1.33 vs. 8.25±2.03,PaO2/FiO2(mmHg):315.00±34.50 vs. 285.80±30.65,both P<0.05〕. The incidence of delirium(8.57% vs. 22.86%)and time of mechanical ventilation(day:4.10±1.09 vs. 6.88±1.66)in the therapy group were decreased markedly compared with those of the control group,and the incidence of hypotension had no significant difference between treatment or control groups(17.14% vs. 14.29%,P>0.05). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine has protective effect on mechanically ventilated patients with pulmonary contusion, and it is an relatively ideal sedative drug for these patients.

Novel oneogene with kinase-domain (NOK) can activate multiple mitogenic signaling pathways including the janus kinases(JAK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins (STAT). It was showed that NOK specifically and physicallyinteracted with STAT3 in human embryo kidney 293T (HEK293T) cells. In addition, NOK could directly interact with most of the STAT3 subdomains except coiled-coil and C-terminal domains. Removing ectodomain and transmembrane domain of NOK markedly enhanced its intermolecular interaction with STAT3. Also, NOK could co-immtmoprecipitate with JAK2. in vivo. Importantly, co-expression of NOK and JAK2 produced a synergistic effect on NOK-mediated STAT3 activation, while inactivating the kinase domain of JAK2 completely prevented this synergistic effect. Overall, the results indicated that NOK might complex with both STAT3 and JAK2 and activate STAT3 signaling by a JAK2-dependent mechanism.

Objectiye To investigate the relationship between microsatellite instability (MSI) and mismatch repair gene (MMR) in lung carcinoma,and to analyze its action in lung carcinogenesis.Methods DNA was extracted from 50 cases of lung carcinoma and adjacent normal tissue.SSCP was used to detect MSI.Immunohistochemistry was performed to measure the expression of hMLH1 and hMSH2 protein in lung carcinoma.Results Of the 50 cases of lung carcinoma,14 with high MSI,21 with low MSI,and 15 with microsatellite stability,0 with MSI in normal group (P = 0.000).Lack of hMLH1 and hMLH2 staining was found in 37 of 50 (74 %) and 16 of 50 (32 %) lung carcinoma tissues with MSI,respectively; but both of hMLH1 and hMSH2 positive staining was found in the lung carcinoma tissues with MSS.Conclusion MSI appears to be associated with lung carcinogenesis,and inactivation of either hMLH1 or hMSH2 may be responsible for MSI,suggesting that MSI may become one of diagnosis indexes of lung carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the content validity and interrater reliability of the modified medication discrepancy tool (MDT). METHODS:According to the structure of MDT(English edition),the terms of MDT were modified,and 5 invited ex-perts used content validity indicator to test the content validity of MDT. The interrater reliability method was adopted to test the reli-ability of MDT. The interrater reliability was performed by 2 evaluators to same 20 research objects with modified MDT. RE-SULTS:Average item-level content validity index was over 0.800,and scale-level content validity index was 0.970. The item-level interrater reliability was between 0.667 and 1.000(P<0.01). The scale-level interrater reliability was 0.840(P<0.01). CONCLU-SIONS:The modified MDT has good content validity and interrater reliability,and can be used to evaluate discharged medication discrepancies in China.

Objective:To observe the antitumor effect and mechanism of recombinant human endostatin (Endostar) injection in tumor combined with intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin on subcutaneous transplanted Lewis lung cancer in rats.Methods:A total of 30 C57 rats were selected, and the monoplast suspension of Lewis lung cancer was injected into the left axilla to prepare the subcutaneous transplanted tumor models in the axilla of right upper limb. The models were randomly divided into Groups A, B, and C. Medication was conducted when the tumor grew to 400 mm3. Group A was the control group without any interventional treatment. Group B was injected with Endostar 5 mg.kg-1.d for 10 d. Group C was given the injection of Endostar 5 mg.kg-1.d combined with intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin 5 mg.kg-1.d for 10 d. All the rats in three groups were executed the day after the 10-d medication and the tumor was taken off for measurement of volume and mass changes and calculation of antitumor rate, after which the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration in rats’plasma was determined by ELISA. The tumor tissues were cut for the preparation of conventional biopsies. After hematoxylin-eosin staining, the pathologic histology was examined to observe the structures of tumor tissues, VEGF score and microvessel density (MVD) in each group. Results:The volume and mass of tumor in Groups B and C were significantly lower than Group A (P< 0.05) while the tumor volume and mass in Group C were significantly lower than Group B (P < 0.05). The antitumor rate in Group C was significantly higher than Group B (P < 0.05), but the tumor VEGF score, MVD and plasma VEGF level in Group C were significantly lower than Groups A and B (P < 0.05). In Group B, the tumor VEGF score, MVD and plasma VEGF level were significantly lower than Group A (P < 0.05). The microscopic image of Group C showed that its number of active tumor cells and the blood capillary around tumor was significantly smaller than that of Groups A and B, and meanwhile atrophy and liquefactive necrosis were seen in local tumor.Conclusions:Endostar injection combined with intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin is effective in reducing tumor VEGF score and MVD of transplanted tumor tissues in rats with Lewis lung cancer to obstruct the nutrient supply of tumor cells and kill tumor cells, so that the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and metastasis can be achieved with a remarkable effect.