Objective To conduct comparative study of healthy vertebral artery (VA) blood flow of subjects from plain and plateau region using color Doppler ultrasound (CDUS) measurement,and to investigate the influence of plateau on blood flow of VA.Methods One hundred and thirty-five subjects from plain region and eighty from high altitude region were recruited.Time averaged maximum velocity and inradium (D) of VA were measured with CDUS technology.Unilateral VA blood flow and total blood flow were calculated.Peripheral blood viscosity measurement was carried out by testing low cut,mid cut,high cut,plasma viscosity and red blood cell count (RBC),hemoglobin concentration (HGB),hematocrit (HCT).Results VA diameter,blood viscosity,RBC,HGB,and HCT of plateau group are all higher than that of the plain group (P＜0.05),while the total blood flow was lower than that of plain group and the value of male was higher than that of female (P＜0.05).The inradiums of right side VA were larger than that of the left side (P＜0.05) in plain group,while no difference was observed in plateau group (P＞0.05).Conclusions Long term (＞10 years) living in plateau hypoxia (altitude＞3 000 m) environment can reduce the average flow velocity and the blood flow of VA.

Posterior circulation ischemia (PCI) is a common disease and frequent encountered disease in clinical practice. It refers to the transient ischemic attack and the cerebral infarction in vertebral-basilar artery system. Vertebral aretery atherosclerosis is one of the common causes of PCI. Imaging examinations for PCI include transcranial Doppler (TCD), digital subtraction angiography (DSA), computerized tomographic angiography (CTA), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), color Doppler ultrasound (CDU) and so on. TCD can serve as initial screening tool in diagnosis of PCI. DSA is still thegold standardin diagnosis of vertebral-basilar abnormalities, although the operation injury and photography drugs poisonousness have not been resolved. CTA has almost the same defects as DSA, while MRA is noninvasive. Some researches have reposed that MRA can exaggerate the vertebral artery depression level. The inner diameter and hemodynamics of the vertebral artery can be accurately measured by CDU, and it can be seen as a noninvasive examination for PCI,which is direct, accurate, convenient and repeatable. It can provide positive evidence for diagnosis and treatment of PCI. This article reviews the progess of CDU in diagnosis of vertebral aretery atherosclerosis.

Objective: To explore the relationship between serum level of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) and atrial ifbrillation (AF) occurrence in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD).
Methods: A total of 1011 patients with stable CAD treated in our hospital from 2013-01 to 2015-09 were retrospectively studied. According to quartiles of hs-cTnT, the patients were divided into 4 groups: Group① the patients with hs-cTnT≤7ng/L, n=283, Group② hs-cTnT 7-10ng/L,n=238, Group③ hs-cTnT 10-15ng/L,n=272 and Group④ hs-cTnT>15ng/L,n=218. The relationship between hs-cTnT level and AF occurrence rate was studied; the risk factors for AF occurrence were explored by multi stepwise Logistic regression analysis.
Results: There were 127/1011 (12.6%) patients combining AF and 884 (87.4%) with simple type stable CAD. AF patients had the higher serum level of hs-cTnT than non-AF patients 17.0 (12.0, 25.0) ng/L vs 10.0 (7.0, 13.0) ng/L,P<0.01. With baseline hs-cTnT level increasing, AF occurrence rates were elevated from group① to Group④ as 4.6% (13/283), 4.6% (11/238), 11.0% (30/272) and 33.5% (73/218), Ptrend<0.05. Multi stepwise Logistic regression analysis revealed that with adjusted common risk factors of age and gender, the risk for stable CAD patients suffering from AF in Group④ was 5.324 times higher than group① (95% CI 2.285-12.405,P<0.01).
Conclusion: Increased serum level of hs-cTnT was closely related to AF occurrence in patients with stable CAD.

OBJECTIVE To seek the effective dynamic air disinfector for hospitals,and investigate the effects of JBL nano-meter dynamic air disinfector.METHODS Choosing four different hospitals,using JBL nano-meter dynamic air disinfector device to collect,compare and analyze the data under a human being movement environment or a vacant environment on the basis of the air sampling method taken from Hospital Disinfection Technology Standard(in 2002 edition) issued by the Ministry of Health.RESULTS When all four hospitals using JBL nano-meter dynamic air disinfectors,the average air bacterium-killing rate in a human being movement environment reached 80.35%,which was obviously better than other similar devices.CONCLUSIONS JBL nano-meter dynamic air disinfector not only has very good function of removing the unusual odors,but has excellent active air disinfection effect.Meanwhile,the device can be installed conveniently.It is regarded as one of the best hospital air disinfection devices.

Objective To observe the effects of Buxu Huayu P rescription(BHP)on myeloid hematopoiesis in tumor -b ear-ing mice after combined chemotherap y.Methods Tumor -bearing mouse models were established by implanting P388tu-mor strain and the arrest of myeloid h ematopoiesis in the models was induced by intraperitoneal injection of c yclophos-phamide(CTX)and cytarabine(Ara -c ).The mice were allocated to 3groups:the normal control group,the model group and BHP group.Peripheral bloo d cell count,bone marrow karyocytes(BMK)count,colony count of progenitors o f granulocytes /monocytes(CCP -GM)and the proliferation of bone marrow cells(BMC)were examined.Results The combination of CTX and Ara -c could decrease plasma hemoglobin(Hb )content,the number of white blood cells(WBC),BMK and CCP -GM and the proliferatio n of BMC in model mice(P

0.05).Ticlopidine could inhibit thrombosis induced by ferric chloride,but it did not influence TXB_2 and 6-keto-PGF_1? content and activities of AT-Ⅲ and PC in the plasma.Ticlopidine could enhance activity of t-PA in the plasma.It may be related to the decrease of t-PA consumption by inhibiting thrombosis.Antithrombosis action of ticlopidine may not be concerned to inhibiting production of TXB_2 of platelet.LMWH could inhibit thrombosis also,but it did not influence TXB_2 and 6-ketoPGF_(1?) content in the plasma.LMWH could enhance activities of t-PA and t-PA/PAI-1 ratio,which may be related to the promoting release of t-PA in vascular endothelial cells.LMWH could reduce activity of AT-Ⅲ,which may be concerned with combination of LMWH and AT-Ⅲ result in AT-Ⅲ consumption.Conclusion Ferric chloride may induce occlusive thrombosis in rats.Thrombosis may be associated with activation of platelet and blood coagulation system,lower of anticoagulative protein and fibrinolytic activity.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on mRNA expressions of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-1 receptor type I (IL-1RI), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), cysteinyl-aspartate specific protease-1 (caspase-1), caspase-3 and caspase-8 after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. METHODS: Focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion in rats was induced by the method of nylon monofilament via the internal carotid artery. PNS was administered intraperitoneally respectively five minutes before cerebral ischemia and twelve hours after cerebral ischemia. After cerebral ischemia for two hours followed by reperfusion for twenty two hours, the mRNA expressions of IL-1 beta, IL-1RI, IL-1ra, ICAM-1, caspase-1, caspase-3 and caspase-8 in brain tissue were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay. RESULTS: After cerebral ischemia for two hours followed by reperfusion for twenty two hours, the mRNA expression levels of IL-1 beta, IL-1RI, IL-1ra, ICAM-1, caspase-1, caspase-3 and caspase-8 in brain tissue in the untreated group were obviously elevated as compared to those in the sham-operation group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The mRNA expression levels of IL-1 beta, IL-1RI, IL-1ra in brain tissue in the PNS group were lower than those in the untreated group, but higher than those in the sham-operation group, and without statistical differences as compared to those in the sham-operation group and in the untreated group (P>0.05). The mRNA expression level of caspase-3 in brain tissue in the PNS group was significantly lower than that in the untreated group (P<0.05), but PNS had no effect on the mRNA expression levels of ICAM-1, caspase-1 and caspase-8 in brain tissue. CONCLUSION: PNS can inhibit the mRNA expression of caspase-3, slightly inhibit the mRNA expressions of IL-1 beta and its correlative inflammatory factors in brain tissue. The protective effects of PNS on cerebral injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion may be related to inhibiting the mRNA expressions of caspase-3, IL-1 beta and its correlative inflammatory factors in brain tissue.

Objective To conduct comparative study of vertebral artery blood flow of arteriosclerosis patients and healthy people using color Doppler ultrasound (CDUS),and to discuss the effect of arteriosclerosis on vertebral arterial blood flow.Methods Two hundred and eighty-five cases of vertebral artery test were collected and divided in to normal group of one hundred and thirty-five cases and vertebral artery sclerosis group of one hundred and fifty cases according to the presence of vertebral artery sclerosis.Time averaged maximum velocity (TAMV) and vertebral artery diameter(D) of vertebral artery were measured using CDUS technique.Unilateral vertebral artery blood flow and total blood flow were calculated.Results The vertebral artery TAMV and total blood flow of arteriosclerosis group was both lower than that of normal group (P＜0.05).Left side vertebral artery diameters of the two groups were higher than that of the right side.Conclusions Arteriosclerosis can reduce vertebral artery TAMV and blood flow.The inner diameter of the left side vertebral artery dominates the artery blood flow.

Objective To investigate the correlation of ankle-brachial index( ABI)., color doppler ultrasound spectrum and toe-brachial index (TBI) of lower extremity artery in diabetic patients. Methods ABI, TBI and color doppler ultrasound spectrum measurement were carried out on 109 lower extremity artery of 55 diabetic patients. Croups were assigned according to ABI and TBI values and the correlation of ABI and color doppler ultrasound spectrum as well as ABI and TBI. Results The changes of ABI and of color doppler ultrasound spectrum in Group A1(0.9

ABSTRACT:Objective To establish a rapid molecular method for the detection of aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2)and investigate the gene polymorphisms of ALDH2?2 and determine whether the polymorphic ALDH2 gene is associated with drinking behavior in a Chinese population.Methods The gene polymorphisms of ALDH2?2 were detected using pyrosequencing,TaqMan Real-time PCR and GeneChip microarray technologies;genotyping of 302 volunteers was performed to assess their genetic associations with alcohol use behavior.Results We developed pyrosequencing,TaqMan Real-time PCR and GeneChip microarray methods to identify ALDH2? 2 polymorphisms.The allele frequency of ALDH2?2 was 20.36% in the Chinese population:16.33% in the alcoholic group and 27.83% in non-drinkers (P=0.001).In contrast,the genotype frequency of heterozygous ALDH2?1/?2 plus homozygous ALDH2?2/?2 was 45.28% in non-drinkers and 32.65% in the alcoholics group (P=0.030). Allele frequency of ALDH2 genotypes differed significantly between our Chinese sample and other ethnic groups in Asia,and it was significantly higher than that in European and American countries.Conclusion The developed pyrosequencing,TaqMan Real-time PCR and GeneChip microarray methods are rapid,accurate,high-throughput, convenient,and reliable for detecting ALDH2 polymorphisms.ALDH2?2 gene can protect against the development of alcoholism.The allele frequency of ALDH2 in this Chinese population differs from that in other ethnic groups.