It is difficult for the patients of refractory leukemia to complete remission (CR) and long-term disease-free survival (DFS), and it was always been the hot spots of research in the field of hematologic malignancies. The diagnostic criteria of refractory leukemia were adjusted constantly at domestic and foreign, the high-risk factors about refractory leukemia were found constantly too. New molecular markers that represent mutations or gene overexpression have been identified such as FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 and nucleophosmin,which will enhance the ability to more accurately prognosticate for patients with acute myeloid leukemia. The treatment of patients with refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia remains challenging. Multiple new agents with tremendous potential were in development and clinical trials. Such as applying resistance reversal agents,enhancing molecular targeted therapy, improving the technology of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,empoldering the new drugs, and forming a new chemotherapy program etc. Monoclonal antibodies and peptide vaccination with leukemia-associated antigens also brought the hopes of increasing the remission and cure rates for patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

Objective To estimate the curative effect and cost-effectiveness of moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin for treatment of urinary traet infection. Methods Eighty patients with urinary tract infection were randomly divided into treatment group (40 cases) and control group (40 cases). The patients in treatment group were given 400 mg moxifloxacin once a day for 7 d, while in control group were given 400 mg gatifloxacin once a day for 7d. Results The total clinical effective rate of treatment group and control group were 95.0%(38/40) and 92.5%(37/40) respectively, and the bacterial eliminating rate were 77.50% (31/40) and 76.92% (30/39), and the rate of adverse reaction were 5.0% ( 2/40 ) and 7.5% (3/40) respectively. There was no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). The cost-effectiveness ratio of moxifloxacin was 2296 and 779 for gatifloxacin (P<0.01). Conclusion The therapeutic scheme of gatifloxacin seems to be the best one for treating urinary tract infection.

Objective To establish the method for determining ephedrine hydochloride and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride in Keke Tablets by HPLC. Methods The samples were analyzed by a phemomenex Synergi Polar-RP column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 4 μm), with mobile phase methanol∶0.092%phosphoric acid (0.04%triethylamine and 0.02%second butylamine)=1.5∶98.5 at flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and detection at UV wavelength of 210 nm. The column temperature was 30 ℃. Results The linear ranges of ephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride were 6.51×10-3-0.651 μg (r=0.999 9) and 6.27×10-3-0.627 μg (r=1), respectively. The average recoveries (n=6) of ephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride were 102.26%and 103.71%, with RSD of 0.34%and 0.22%, respectively. Conclusion This method is simple, accurate, reproducible, highly specific and reliable results, and has the ability to effectively control the quality of alkaloids in Keke Tablets.

BACKGROUND:Autologous peripheral blood hemopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT)in combination with high-dose chemotherapy significantly improves complete remission and survival rate of multiple myeloma patients.However,the relapse rate is high.Bortezomib is 26S proteasomes inhibitor,and effective on the primary treatment of multiple myeloma.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the curative effect of HSCT in combination with bortezomib and high dose-melphalan for multiple myeloma.METHODS:A retrospective analysis of 3 patients with a stage-ITT multiple myeloma admitted to Department of Hematology,Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College from October 2006 to May 2007,was conducted.Chemotherapy and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor were used to mobilize autologous peripheral blood hemopoietic stem cells.All patients were pretreated with 200 mg/m2 melphalan via intravenous drip 3 days before transplantation,followed by HSCT 48 hours after drug termination.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:All patients obtained prompt and sustained hematopoietic reconstitution,and bone marrow depression restored 30 days following HSCT.Case 1 and 2 obtained complete remission,and case 3 obtained partial remission.Results show that HSCT in combination with bortezomib and high-dose melphalan is a safe and feasible treatment on multiple myeloma.The patients have good tolerance to pretreatment.

BACKGROUND: Rituximab single or in combination with CHOP regimen for treatment of CD20-positive non-Hodgkin lymphoma has achieved good curative effects. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) has been shown to improve the curative effects and increase survival rate of patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. However, the curative effects of these two methods remain disputed. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficiency of rituximab in combination with AHSCT on CD 20-positive non-Hodgkin lymphoma. METHODS: Six patients with CD 20-positive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (stage IV) underwent AHSCT and rituximab administration. 375 mg/m~2 rituximab was intravenously administered 2-4 times prior to AHSCT, twice prior to and after peripheral blood stem cells mobilization and preprocessing, respectively, as well as once every 3 months after AHSCT. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The mean number of mononuclear cells and CD 34-positive cells was 5.13×10~(-8)/kg and 4.75×10~(-6)/kg, respectively. Following AHSCT, all 6 patients presented normal hematopoietic functions, neutrophils exceeded 0.5×10~(-9)/L at 9-15 days and blood platelet counts exceeded 20×10~(-9)/L at 12-19 days. Hemorrhagic cystitis, interstitial pneumonia, cytomegalovirus infection, or hepatic venous obstruction was not observed during the whole process of AHSCT in each patient. At 6-32 months, patients completely recovered. These results indicate that rituximab in combination with AHSCT is a good method for treatment of CD20-positive non-Hodgkin lymphoma and rituximab maintenance therapy could prevent disease recurrence.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of long-term administration of tamsulosin hydrochloride 0.2 mg once daily in patients with LUTS of BPH. Methods Patients with LUTS of BPH enrolled in a 4-week placebo run-in period, then 60-week open-label study. Tamsulosin hydrochloride 0.2 mg was administered before breakfast every day during the period of the study. The efficacy and safety parameters were evaluated at the end of treatment period Ⅰ (0-12 weeks). If IPSS was improved by 25% or more, the administration of tamsulosin hydrochloride was continued during treatment period Ⅱ (13-60 weeks). If the improvement rate less than 25%, the patients received concomitant medication of finasteride 5 mg once daily during treatment period Ⅱ. The primary parameters assessed to determine efficacy were the International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS) and maximum urinary flow rate(Qmax). Results A total of 113 patients were recruited in the study, and 111 patients completed treatment period Ⅰ , and 95 patients completed treatment period Ⅱ. After treatment period Ⅰ , average IPSS was decreased by 4.1 and average Qmax was increased by 1.7 ml/s(P＜0.05). Tamsulosin hydrochloride produced a great improvement in average Qmax (3.0 ml/s, 27.7%)and a significant decrease in average IPSS (6.4,30.3%) after 60-week treatment. Significant improvements were also produced in average urinary flow rate and average residual urine volume. There was no significant difference in changes in IIEF-5 score and the prostate volume after treatment with tamsulosin hydrochloride. During the study period, 13 patients experienced 24 adverse events, and the incidence of adverse event was 11.5%. No serious adverse event and significant changes of the data of laboratory examination were recorded during the study. Conclusions Long-term tamsulosin hydrochloride therapy is a safe, effective and well-tolerated method in improving symptoms and quality of life in patients with LUTS of BPH. Tamsulosin hydrochloride can be used as the conventional drug in the patients with LUTS suggestive of BPH.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety and to analyze related complications and potential prognostic factors of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT ) on hematological malignancies .Methods Patients with hemato-logical malignancies who underwent allo-HSCT from June 2010 to June 2015 were investigated in this retrospective study .Accord-ing to the donor types ,it was divided into compatriots sibling-matched transplantation group (n = 52) and haploid transplantation group (n= 98) .The preconditioning regimens were busulfan/cyclophosphamide ,and anti-thymocyte globulin were needed in haploid transplantation group .Short-term methotrexate + cyclosporine A + mycophenolate mofetil were used for prevention of graft-ver-sus-host disease .The efficacy and safety and related complications of allo-HSCT were analyzed .Results All patients achieved full donor type engraftment ,which was identified by blood type ,chromosome test and DNA polymorphism .The mean times of neutro-phil and platelet engraftment were 12 d and 16 d in compatriots sibling-matched transplantation group and 13 d and 16 d in haploid transplantation group ,respectively .59 cases (39 .3% ) patients were oral mucosa ulcer ,47 patients (31 .3% ) were bacteria and/or fungal infection ,41 cases (27 .3% ) patients were CMV infection ,48 cases (32 .0% ) were acute GVHD ,43 patients (28 .7% ) were chronic GVHD .The median follow-up time of 23 months (1 - 60 months) ,115 patients (76 .7% ,115/150) were disease-free sur-vival ,including 38 cases (73 .1% ,38/52) in compatriots sibling-matched transplantation group ,77 cases (78 .6% ,77/98) in haploid transplantation group ;35 cases (23 .3% ,35/150) patients were died ,including 14 cases (26 .9% ,14/52) in compatriots sibling-matched transplantation group ,21 cases (21 .4% ,21/98) in haploid transplantation group .Death cause analysis showed that 12 ca-ses (8 .0% ) complications from transplantation related death ,of which 5 cases (3 .3% ) were severe infection ,7 cases (4 .7% ) caused by acute GVHD ,23 cases (8 .7% ) patients died because of the primary disease recurrence .The survival rate and mortality was similar between the two groups (P> 0 .05) .Conclusion Allo-HSCT is safe and effective treatment in hematological malignan-cies .The curative effect and security with haploid transplantation were similar to compatriots sibling-matched transplantation .It is necessary to prevent prognostic impact factors such as acute GVHD and infection early .

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in treatment of hematologic malignancies and observe hematopoietic reconstitution, graft versus host disease (GVHD) occurrence,transplant-related complications and the outcome of disease.Methods20 patients with hematologic malignancies cured by allo-HSCT were analyzed retrospectively. 15 males and 5 females patients were enrolled, and the median age was 39(8-59)years. Mobilization of donor’ s stem cells using rhG-CSF program 3 days before transplantation.Conditioning regimen:the patients with HLA-matched used modified Bu/Cy programs,the patients with HLA-mismatched (with 1 to 3 loci mismatched) used the modified Bu/Cy+ ATG program;the patient with T-ALL and the patient with MM used Flu+Bu/Cy program. GVHD prevention programs: mycophenolate mofetil + cyclosporine + short course methotrexate. Results20 patients were successfully engrafted,the median time of absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ＞ 0.5×109/L was 13 (12-17) days,the median time of Plt ＞ 20×109/L was 16(12-23)days, and the hematopoietic reconstitution was rapid in those patients who were transplanted by the donors with the collected amount of CDh cells ＞ 2.5× 106/kg (recipient body weigh) or the collected amount of mononuclear cell ＞ 5.0×10s/kg (recipient body weigh).No severe hemolytic reaction occurred in 11 cases of blood group incompatibility between donor and recipient after transplantation,11 cases (55 ％) developed acute GVHD (aGVHD):4 cases Ⅰ degree aGVHD,4 cases Ⅱ degree aGVHD,2 cases Ⅲ degree aGVHD,1 case Ⅳ degree aGVHD,all patients were improved after treatment.All patients attained complete remission (CR) after transplantation.Follow-up 6 (2-14) months,1 patient died in 5 months after transplantation because of leukemia relapse, 1 case died in 4 months after transplantation because of self-disabling autoimmune hemolytic cyclosporine, chronic GVHD(cGVHD)and multiple organ failure,the remaining patients still were in CR state.ConclusionAllo-HSCT is the effective way to treat hematologic malignancies. Engraftment is closely related with the quantity of hematopoietic stem cells from donor.Blood group incompatibility was not an obstacle for transplantion.Relapse,GVHD,infection are the major cause of death after transplantation.

ObjectiveTo observe the efficiency of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to the treatment of hematological malignancies and explore prevention and treatment of the complications correlated with HSCT. Methods110 patients with hematological malignancies which were treated by HSCT were recruited. 61 patients were treated with autologous peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-PBSCT), 49 patients were treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).Among them,there were 28 patients were used by all HLA-identical sibling allo-PBSCT,20 patients were used by haploid allogeneic bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, one case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children were treated with cord blood stem cell transplantation.Results109(99.1％) patients acquired hemopoietic reconstruction. The median time of neutrophils≥0.5×109/L, and platelets≥20×109/L were 10 days and 12 days in auto-PBSCT,and were 12 days and 15 days in allo-PBSCT.The incidence of Ⅰ-Ⅲ degree of acute GVHD (aGVHD) in allogeneic transplantation was 28.6 ％(14/49),however,the incidence of chronic GVHD (cGVHD) was 32.6 ％(16/49).The median follow-up time was 36 (1～60) months.84 patients (76.4 ％) were disease-free.Among them,73.8 ％(45/61) were in auto-PBSCT group,(79.6 ％)39/49 were in allo-HSCT group.26 patients (23.6 ％) were died.There were 26.2 ％(16/61) who were in auto-PBSCT group died of disease relapse,3.3 ％(2/61) had disease relapse.There was no transplant-related deaths.18.4 ％(9/49) who were in allo-HSCT group died of disease relapse, 6.1％(3/49)had disease relapse, 2.0 ％(1/49)died of transplant-related deaths. ConclusionHematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a safe and effective way for the treatment of malignant hematopathy patients,also an important mean for treatment of blood diseases.

Objective: To investigate the gene frequency of HLA-B* 5801 in the population of Chinese Minnan region.Methods:In this study,we enrolled 178 patients requiring allopurinol therapy( including 40 patients with gout,89 patients with hyperuricemia and 49 patients with gouty arthritis) and 100 healthy people.We isolated genomic DNA from their blood and screened for HLA-B*5801 with both PCR and gene sequencing.Results:We found 22%patients and 16%healthy people with HLA-B*5801.The frequencies of HLA-B*5801 in patients and healthy people are 0.13 and 0.09,respectively.The results from PCR and gene sequencing were consistent.Conclusion:The frequency of HLA-B*5801 in the population of Chinese Minnan region is relatively high.Therefore,it is necessary to screen for HLA-B*5801 in allopurinol users before taking the medicine.