Objective To explore the role of multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (Mrp1) on bilirubin metabolism in rat obstructive jaundiced (OJ) models. Methods Eighty Wistar male rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham operation group in which the common bile duct was educed but not ligated; common bile duct ligation (CBDL) group in which the common bile duct was ligated and cut off; bile reflow group in which on day 14 after common bile duct ligation operation, the internal drainage from common bile duct to duodenum by silica gel duct was performed. Serum prealbumin, serum total bilirubin and urine direct bilirubin were assayed routinely. The expressions of mrp1 mRNA and protein were detected in the liver tissues by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and indirect immunofluorescence respectively. Results Serum prealbumin was descending significantly (P

Objective To evaluate the effects of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) applied perioperatively on the surgical tolerance, safety, and recovery in obstructive jaundice (OJ) rats. Methods A total of 146 Wistar male rats were randomly divided into five groups: SHAM, CBDL, REF, CBDL-GH, and REF-GH. rhGH was injected subcutaneously at the dose of 0.5 u/kg per day. One-week mortality was observed. Liver function indices, prealbumin (PA), TNF-?, and urine DBIL were measured. Results One-week mortality in REF-GH group was much lower than that in REF group (P

Objective To study the changes of transport protein Mrp2 excreting bilirubin across the canalicular membrane in obstructive jaundice rats. Methods The Mrp2 transcription and protein levels of hepatocytes was measured by RT PCR and immunofluorescence microscopy in obstructive jaundice rats. A correlation analysis of the transcription and protein levels with TNF ? and serum bilirubin was conducted. Results The Mrp2 transcription and protein levels were significantly lower in hepatocytes following bile duct obstruction and negatively correlated with TNF ? and bilirubin in rat serum. Conclusion Overexpression of inflammatory factor TNF ? may cause downregulation of transcription and protein levels of Mrp2 gene in obstructive jaundice rats. Bilirubin secretion across canalicular membrane can be inhibited. These may lead to or exaggerate hyperbilirubinemia.

Objective To develop an uncertainty study model of the enzymological reference method to systematically research the uncertainty influencing factors of 6 enzymological reference methods ALT,AST,LDH,AMY,GGT and CK for determining the key factors influencing the reference method and better guiding the establishment and operation of the enzymological reference methods.Methods The uncertainty of the six enzymological reference methods was evaluated by the theoretical evaluation com-bined with the experiment design according to series of standards including JJF1059-1999 Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement,JJF1135-2005 Evaluation of Uncertainty in Chemical Analytical Measurement,CANA-GL06 Guidance on Evalua-ting the Uncertainty in Chemical Analysis and CNAS-CL33 Guidance on the Application of Testing and Calibration Laboratories Competence Accreditation Criteria in the Field of Clinical Enzymology Reference Measurement.Results The established enzymo-logical uncertainty study model was C=ΔAΔt · 1ε · 1L ·V 1 +V 2 +V SV ·fT ·f pH ·fλ·fkit ·fresult .Conclusion The uncertainty e-S valuation model is set up and successfully applied in the uncertainty evaluation of the six enzymological reference methods.

ed in a Chinese pedigree with HHD.

Objective As a collaborator of Beijing Institute of Medical Device Testing for value assignment of state standard ma-terial candidate Cystatin-C ,we have used the internationally accepted reference material to assign value for state standard material candidate Cystatin-C ,and help Beijing Institute of Medical Device Testing get Cystatin-C national standard material certificate . Methods According to the target value and operational procedure of international reference material ERM-DA471 ,We have tested 6 dilutions of standard material candidate Cystatin-C on calibrated Hitachi 7180 immunoassay system .Results The results demon-strate good repeatability and commutability ,and have been accepted in calculating the final value for the candidate standard materi-al ,our data has assisted Beijing Institute of Medical Device Testing in passing the criteria and obtaining Cystatin-C national standard material certificate .Conclusion Compared to the data from all participating collaborators ,our results hit right on the target value , and no significant matrix effects have been observed .

Objective To identify the mutation of DKC1 gene and its inheritance in a pedigree with dyskeratosis congenita (DKC). Methods The mutation was detected by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and DNA sequencing, and restriction endonuclease digestion was performed to confirm the mutation. Results A transition mutation of C to T (1058C-T) in DKC1 gene was found in the proband and his brother. This mutation results in an amino acid change from alanine to valine (A353V) in dyskerin protein. The proband′s mother and sister were carriers of this mutation gene with no phenotype of DKC. Conclusion This pedigree is an X-linked form of DKC with 1058C-T mutation in DKC1 gene.

Objective:To investigate the effects of high-energy shock and vibration on cortex injury and peripheral blood immune cells in goats.Methods:Seventeen Boer goats without gender preference were selected. By using random number tables, the goats were divided into normal control group ( n=5) and shock and vibration injury group ( n=12). The goats in the normal control group were anatomized routinely and their brain was collected after being sacrificed without any other treatment. The goats in the high-energy shock and vibration model group were placed on a loading table (part of the BY10-100 instant shock and vibration simulation platform) in a restrained state, and made into a high-energy shock and vibration injury model induced by a vertical impact waveform generator. The intravenous blood samples were taken from the goats in the shock and vibration injury group before and at 0, 3, 6 and 24 hours after injury.Then, the goats were sacrificed and the following procedures were the same as the normal control group. At 24 hours after injury, the brain injury and the histopathological changes of the cerebral cortex in the normal control group and shock and vibration injury group were observed by gross pathological and anatomical examination and HE staining. The mRNA expression of zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1), tight junction protein 5 (Claudin-5), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (IBA-1), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and cluster of differentiation antigen 177 (CD177) of the cerebral cortex in the normal control group and shock and vibration injury group were measured through fluorogenic quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The expression of ZO-1 and Claudin-5 proteins of the cerebral cortex in the normal control group and shock and vibration injury group were detected by Western blotting. Hematology analyzer and coagulation analyzer were used to detect white blood cell count, neutrocyte, lymphocyte, monocyte, prothrombin time 1 (PT-1), prothrombin time international normalized ratio (PT-INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), prothrombin activity (PTA) and fibrinogen (FIB) levels in goats of the shock and vibration injury group before and at 0, 3, 6 and 24 hours after injury, respectively. Results:At 24 hours after injury, no visible contusion or necrosis was found in goat brain tissue in the shock and vibration injury group; the cerebral micro-vessels presented with a local dilation, hyperemia, edema, aggregation of inflammatory cells, disruption of vessel walls and leakage of red blood cells. These changes were not observed in the normal control group. In the shock and vibration injury group, ZO-1 and Claudin-5 mRNA expressions in the cerebral cortex were 0.25±0.10 and 0.09(0.04, 0.44) respectively, which were significantly lower than those of the normal control group [1.00±0.15 and 0.99(0.80, 1.20)]; GFAP, IBA-1, IL-1β, IL-6 and CD177 mRNA expression levels were 4.40(3.88, 6.75), 2.60±1.07, 3.04±0.51, 2.71±0.45 and 2.93±0.62 respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the normal control group [1.00(0.78, 1.22), 1.00±0.37, 1.00±0.27, 1.00±0.57 and 1.00±0.35]; ZO-1 and Claudin-5 protein expression levels were 0.41±0.06 and 0.42±0.11 respectively, which were significantly lower than those of the normal control group (1.08±0.12 and 0.91±0.23) (all P<0.01). In the shock and vibration injury group, the levels of white blood count, neutrocyte, and lymphocyte in peripheral blood were (13.7±3.3)×10 9/L, (35.3±14.8)% and (57.2±15.1)% respectively before injury, (19.4±3.1)×10 9/L, (60.5±12.5)% and (33.6±14.2)% respectively at 3 hours after injury, and (20.6±3.6)×10 9/L, (63.6±13.0)% and (30.9±15.0)% respectively at 6 hours after injury. By contrast, the levels of white blood count and neutrocyte were significantly increased but the level of lymphocyte was significantly decreased at 3 and 6 hours after injury ( P<0.05 or 0.01); the levels of the above indicators showed no significant changes at 0 and 24 hours after injury (all P>0.05); the level of monocyte did not change significantly at all time points before and after injury (all P>0.05). The levels of PT-1, PT-INR, APTT, TT, PTA and FIB in the shock and vibration injury group did not change significantly at each time point before and after injury (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Cerebral cortex microvascular injury and disruption of blood-brain barrier can be initiated in the early stage of high-energy shock and vibration injury in goats, accompanied by the presence of central and peripheral inflammatory response.