Objective To develop a method to analyze functional grouping cDNA microarray gene expression in microvessels and neurons from rat brain using laser capture microdissection(LCM). Methods Microvessels and neurons were captured using the PixCell ⅡLCM instrument. The total RNA was extracted from the LCM samples according to the manufacturer's protocol of RNAqueous-Micro kit. The total RNA were processed for one round of T7-based RNA amplification; cDNA probe were synthesized using gene-specific primer and labeled for cDNA microarray analysis. Results Amplified RNA from microvessels and neurons allowed us to measure 96 gene expression in functional grouping cDNA microarray. Conclusion LCM allowed us to harvest pure microvessels and neurons from their native tissue environment, combined with methods of T7 RNA amplification and gene-specific primer amplification so that we can analyze functional grouping cDNA profiling in LCM samples.

Objective To study the chemical constituents of the EtOAC soluble fraction from Urtica fissa with obviously anti-inflammatory and analygestic effect. Methods The compounds were isolated by polyamide and silical gel colum chromatography and identified by UV, IR, NMR, and MS. Results Twelve compounds were isolated from U. fissa and identined as quercetin (Ⅰ), kaempferol (Ⅱ), kaempferol-3-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (Ⅲ), quercetin-3-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (Ⅳ), caffeic acid (Ⅴ), chlorogenic acid (Ⅵ), scopolin (Ⅶ), scopoletin (Ⅷ), kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (Ⅸ), quercetin-7-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (Ⅹ), isorhamnetin-3-O-?-D-rutinoside (Ⅺ), ?-sitosterol ( ⅩⅡ ). Conclusion Compounds Ⅰ-Ⅺ are all isolated from U. fissa for the first time and compounds Ⅶ, Ⅹ, and Ⅺ are found in plants of Urtica L. for the first time also.

Objective To evaluate the value of Video-EEG for the diagnosis of children's non-epileptic seizures (NES). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted in 105 cases of children with NES, which were diagnosed by 1 to 4 hours' video-EEG surveillance. Risk factors that interfered with the diagnosis were discussed. Results There were 91 cases (87%) of physiological NES and 14 cases (13%) of psychological NES among the total 105 NES. Misdiagnoses were made in 11 of 43 cases who received common EEG examination before. Conclusion Video-EEG was a reliable method to confirm the clinical diagnosis of non-epileptic seizures and differentiate it from epilepsy. EEG abnormality during seizure-free periods was the main risk factor for the misdiagnosis of NES.

Objective To investigate the application value of three-dimensional (3D) visualization technology in the resectability assessment and surgical planning for huge hepatic carcinoma.Methods The retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted.The clinical data of 48 patients with huge hepatic carcinoma who were admitted to the Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University between January 2012 and June 2015 were collected.The preoperative image of computed tomography (CT) was converted to 3D reconstruction,visual observations and simulated surgery for assessing the tumor resectability through MI-3DVS,and corresponding treatments were performed according to the results of assessment.Observation indicators:(1) 3D reconstruction situations;(2) tumor resectability assessment through simulated surgery:tumor diameter,tumor volume,preoperative standard liver volume (SLV),tumor-free liver volume after simulated resection,future liver remnant (FLR) after simulated resection,hepatic resection rate (HRR);(3) surgical and postoperative situations:surgical procedures,resection extent,operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,complications,duration of postoperative hospital stay;(4) typical case analysis;(5) follow-up.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect the survival of patients and tumor recurrence or metastasis up to June 2016.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as(-x) ± s.Results (1) Three-D reconstruction situations:48 patients with huge hepatic carcinoma received successful 3D reconstruction and visual observations.Portal vein branches and hepatic vein branches reached level 4 through 3D reconstruction,and spacial position relationship between tumor and intrahepatic vascular backbones or branches can be clearly observed,as well as location and degree of vascular compression and invasion.(2) Tumor resectability assessment through simulated surgery:of 48 patients receiving simulated hepatectomy,26 underwent hepatectomy and 22 didn't undergo hepatectomy based on the assessment of resectability.Tumor diameter,tumor volume,preoperative SLV,tumor-free liver volume after simulated resection,FLR after simulated resection and HRR through assessment of 3D reconstruction and simulated surgery were (12.3-± 2.0) cm,(838 ± 284) mL,(1 884 ± 391) mL,(494 ± 140) mL,(551 ± 184) mL,46％ ± 12％ in 26 patients with resectable tumor and (14.0 ± 2.0) cm,(1 877 ± 1 240) mL,(2 945 ± 1 194) mL,(666 ± 206) mL,(402 ± 86) mL,62％ ± 9％ in 22 patients with unresectable tumor,respectively.(3) Surgical and postoperative situations:26 patients with resectable tumor underwent hepatectomy,without occurrence of death.Of 26 patients,21 underwent anatomic hepatectomy,including 12 undergoing right hemihepatectomy,3 undergoing left hemihepatectomy,2 undergoing right lobectomy of the liver,2 undergoing right posterior lobectomy of the liver,1 undergoing left lobectomy of the liver and 1 undergoing resection of hepatic segment Ⅴ + Ⅵ.And 5 underwent non-anatomic hepatectomy,including 2 with reduced right hemihepatectomy,1 with resection of hepatic segment Ⅱ + Ⅲ and partial segment Ⅳ,1 with resection of hepatic segment Ⅵ + Ⅶ and partial segment Ⅴ and 1 with resection of hepatic segment Ⅴ + Ⅵ and partial segment Ⅶ.Operation time and volume of intraoperative blood loss in 26 patients were respectively (6.4 ± 1.3) hours and (712 ±633)mL.Three patients with postoperative pleural effusion and 1 with postoperative bile leakage were cured by symptomatic treatment,without the occurrence of hepatic dysfunction.Duration of postoperative hospital stay was (19 ± 8) days.Of 22 patients with unresectable tumor,14 underwent transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE),4 underwent portal vein ligation,1 underwent portal vein embolization and 3 abandoned treatment.(4) Typical case analysis:results of 3D reconstruction through MI-3DVS showed that patients underwent portal vein right anterior branch-preserving expanded right posterior lobectomy of the liver,with a smooth recovery.Patients were followed up for 14.0 months,with a good survival and without tumor recurrence and metastasis.(5) Follow-up:40 of 48 patients were followed up for 6.0-33.0 months with a median time of 13.0 months,including 26 with surgery and 14 without surgery.During the follow-up,the median survival time of patients with and without surgery was 20.0 months and 10.5 months,respectively.Twelve patients with surgery had tumor recurrence and metastasis.Conclusion Three-dimensional visualization technology is safe and feasible in the resectability assessment and surgical planning for huge hepatic carcinoma,and it will benefit to reduce risk of surgery.

Objective To analyze the clinical feature and pathological characteristics of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) coexisted with oral leukoplakia (OLK) or oral lichen planus (OLP),and summarize both the common and each clinical and pathological characteristics of two kinds of diseases.Methods The clinical and pathological data of 74 patients with OSF coexisted with OLK and 57patients with OSF coexisted with OLP were retrospectively reviewed.Results Most of patients with OSF coexisted with OLK or OLP were mainly young and middle-aged male patients,and all had the habit of eating betel quid chewing.Most of them had the habit of smoking and alcohol drinking; while their limitation of mouth opening were not obvious.Patients coexisted with unilateral OLK or OLP all had a unilateral mastication of chewing betel nut;the prevalence rate of erosive OLP was lower in the patients with OSF coexisted OLP than that of OLP patients never chew betel nut.The pathology of both OSF coexisted with OLK or OLP was with the respective characteristics of OLK or OLP on the basis of OSF,and the epithelium was thickened more than atrophic.No relationship was found between the degree of epithelial hyperplasia and the severity of fibrosis in patients with OSF coexisted with OLK.Conclusions OSF coexisted with OLK and OSF coexisted with OLP were the occurrence of OLK or OLP on the basis of OSF,which were not a simple superposition of two diseases,but combination with their own characteristics of OSF coexisted with OLK or OLP.

Objective To investigate the influence of previous abdominopelvic surgery on gynecological laparoscopic operation.Methods A retrospective analysis of 3 283 cases of gynecological diseases by laparoscopic operation patients in Peking University First Hospital from 2007 January to 2012 December,among them,719(21.90％) patients with previous abdominopelvic surgery history (study Group),2 564 (78.10％) patients have no history of abdominopelvic surgery (control group).Study group 719 patients,previous operation times:one time in 525 cases,194 cases were multiple; previous operation:185 cases of gynecological surgery,305 cases of obstetric surgery,108 cases of general surgery,and 121 complex surgery (include at least two kinds of surgery) ;previous operative approach:650 cases laparotomy and 69 cases laparoscopy.Compared two groups of patients with abdominopelvic adhesion and the gynecologic laparoscopic operation situation,analyzed the influence of previous abdominopelvic surgery on abdominopelvic adhesionon and gynecological laparoscopic operation.Results The incidence of abdominopelvic adhesion in the patients with previous abdominopelvic surgery was 51.2％ (368/719),which was significantly higher than that of 8.2％ (211/2 564) in patients without previous abdominopelvic surgery (P＜0.01).But the study group score (median 3) and the degree of abdominopelvic adhesion [mild 49.7％ (183/368),moderate 36.1％ (133/368),severe 14.1％ (52/368)] compared with the control group score (median 2) and degree [mild 55.0％(116/211),moderate 25.6％(54/211),and severe 19.4％(41/211)] were no statistical difference (P=0.930,P=0.684).Super-umbilical primary trocar site were chosen more common in patients with previous abdominopelvic surgery (23.1％,166/719) was significantly higher than that in the control group (3.3％,85/2 564; P＜0.01).And the rate of conversion to laparotomy was 0.6％ (4/719)significantly more than the control groups(0.l％,2/2 564; P=0.023).Compared with other groups,patients with gynecological or complex surgery or multiple operation history presented more severe abdominopelvic adhesion both in the score and degree (P＜0.01).The rate of super-umbilical primary trocar site,hospitalization time,operation time and bleeding during operation in patients with multiple operation history were significantly higher than those with single operation history (P＜0.05) ; the rate of blood transfusion,postoperative complication and conversion to laparotomy showed no statistical difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion The laparoscopic operation could be carried out successfully and safely in patients with a history of various abdominopelvic operations,but the conversion rate increases,for patients with a history of multiple operation because of pelvic adhesion increases the difficulty of the laparoscopic operatio

Objective To investigate the values of three-dimensional visualization technology in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of hepatic hemangioma. Methods Thirty two patients with hepatic hemangioma who had been hospitalized during the period from July 2010 to January 2014 in our hospital were scanned by 64-slice spiral computerized tomography (CT) before surgical treatment. Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction based on the CT data was carried out to achieve dignosis and surgical planning. Assisted with the 3D model , we chose the best surgical procedure for liver resection, protecting the major blood vessels near hemangioma and retaining normal liver tissue as far as possible. Results The location, size and shape of hepatic hemangioma, vascular variation, and spatial relationship with intrahepatic vessel were shown factually by three-dimensional reconstruction. All the hemangiomas were preoperatively assessed to be resectable. The compliance rate for preoperative surgical planning to actual surgery was 100%. Under assistance of the 3D model during surgery , 14 patients received laparoscopic hepatectomy and 18 underwent hepatectomy. Pringle′s maneuver was applied in 18 patients , with blocking time of (15.32 ± 7.12) min and blood loss of (188.63 ± 66.37) mL. The postoperative complications included pleural effusion in 5 patients and incision infection in one patients. Conclusions Three-dimensional visualization technology for the individualized diagnosis and treatment of hepatic hemangioma helps reduce surgical trauma and incidence of postoperative complications.

Objective To investigate the expressions of cytokeratin/keratin 4 in the buccal tissue of oral submucous fibrosis at the early,middle and advanced stages,explore which role keratin4 (K4) plays in the process and development of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF),and provide evidence for K4 being a promising biomarker to evaluate the development and prognosis of OSF.Methods Ten cases of normal tissues,and 10 cases of OSF tissues with typical early,middle and advanced stages,were selected,respectively.Detect the expression of K4 in the tissue mentioned above through immunohistochemistry and Westem blot.The data was analyzed by statistical means.Results The results of immunohistochemistry showed that K4 was mainly located in cytoplasm,and positive cells with brownish yellow granules were seen in whole epithelial layer of the normal mucosa.The expression of K4 was lower at all stages of OSF than that at the normal tissue with statistical significance (P ＜0.05).With the aggravation of OSF,the expression of K4 was decreased,difference between early and advanced stage was found to be statistically significant.The results of Western blot also showed that the expression of K4 was lower than that of early,middle and advanced stages of OSF (P ＜ 0.05).With the aggravation of OSF,the expression of K4 was decreased,but the differences between them had no significance (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The expression of K4 in OSF tissue of early,middle and advanced stages were decreased compared to normal tissue,respectively.It suggests that K4 might play and important role in the initiation and development of OSF.

OBJECTIVETo study the characteristics of element contents and the influencing factors in Codonopsis tangshen.

METHODThe contents of elements were determined and the data was statistically analyzed.

RESULTThe variation coefficients of elements in C. tangshen were lower than those in soil, and variation coefficients of C. tangshen from different habitats were lower than 50%.

CONCLUSIONThe absorption of nutritional elements in C. tangshen was related to content and condition of soil nutrients, and climate etc.

China ; Climate ; Codonopsis ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Ecosystem ; Elements ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Soil ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the anatomy of right portal vein based on three-dimensional (3D) visualization technology and provide a morphological basis for computer-assisted individualized liver segmentation and anatomical hepatectomy.

METHODSLiver CT data of 83 cases were segmented and reconstructed using the medical image three-dimensional visualization system (MI-3DVS), and 3D classifications of the right portal vein were established according to its branch number, direction and distribution. Individualized liver segmentation was performed based on the 3D typing results.

RESULTSThe reconstructed portal vein models were capable of visualizing the fourth-order portal branches. Generally, the third-order right portal branches were classified into P5, P6, P7 and P8 branches. According to the 3D distribution of the branches, P5 branches were classified into types A, B, C, D, and E [in 16 (19.3%), 5 (6%), 30 (36.1%), 7(8.5%), and 25 (30.1%) cases, respectively], P8 branches into types A, B, C, and D [in 29 (34.9%), 29 (34.9%), 10 (12.1%), and 15 (18.1%) cases, respectively], P6 branches into types A, B, C, and D [in 35 (42.2%), 12 (14.5%), 33 (39.7%), and 3 (3.6%) cases, respectively], and P7 branches into types A, B, C, D, E, and F [in 27 (32.5%), 11(33.3%), 27 (32.5%), 4(4.8%), 12 (14.5%), and 2 (2.4%) cases, respectively]. Individualized liver segmentation was achieved based on liver segments supplied by the third-order portal branches.

CONCLUSION3D classifications of the complex and highly variant anatomy of third-order right portal vein and individualized liver segmentation based on this classification before the operation facilitates successful performance of anatomical hepatectomy.

Hepatectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Liver ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Portal Vein ; anatomy & histology ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed