OBJECTIVE： The compound nucleic acid granules were prepared， observed for their therapeutic effects， and determined for their pharmacological actions METHODS： Quality control was used in their preparation The therapeutic effects were observed on 22 patients with coronary heart disease of stable angina pectoris with hyperlipemia who were chosen according to clinical diagnosis standard RESULTS： （ 1） Improvment of clinical symptoms for angina pectoris： satisfactory 22 7％ ， improved 68 2％ ， failure 9 0％ ； （ 2） Blood lipid analysis： cholesterols and triglycerides were improved significantly after administration of the preparation（ P0.05;P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The compound nucleic acid granules have marked effects on coronary heart disease, angina pectoris and hyperlipemia.

The students are consciously taught how to think the surgery and how to analyze and solve problems in the animal surgery curriculum.

Objective To explore the effect of application of SimMan human body simulator in nursing teaching experiments on emergency and critical care. Methods Forty undergraduate nursing students in 2012 were assigned as the experiment group, where nursing teaching experiments on emergency and critical care were conducted based on SimMan human body simulator. Forty undergraduate nursing students in 2011 were assigned as the control group, where the traditional teaching method was employed. The emergency ability of the nursing students in the two groups was evaluated, and the nursing students′ attitudes towards two teaching methods were investigated. Results The emergency ability was higher in the experiment group than that of the control group (P<0.05). The satisfaction level with teaching method in the experiment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions SimMan human body simulator is effective in improving emergency ability of nursing students in nursing teaching experiments of emergency and critical care. It is worth popularizing and applying.

Aim To establish the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic(PK-PD) modeling to characterize the antipyretic effects of coptisine, an active component in coptis chinensis on rats.Methods Nine healthy male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups, each with three.The rats in the first group were injected intravenously with lipopolysaccharide(LPS,100 μg·kg-1) alone.The second and third group rats were given coptisine high-dose(3.87 mg·kg-1) and coptisine low-dose(1.93 mg·kg-1) by tail vein injection at 30 min after LPS injection, respectively.Body temperature was measured at different time points, and blood samples from tail vein were collected simultaneously.The blood concentration of coptisine was determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography.Monolix software was used to model PK-PD of coptisine mean plasma concentration and temperature effects,by population computation with non-covariates.Besides.the model with advantage was selected by the fitting goodness.Results Coptisine could inhibit body temperature of endotoxin-induced fever in rats significantly.Two-compartment linear elimination model was used to describe the final PK model.Gaussian function, an input function of body temperature changes, which was used to depict PD model, the PK and PD models were connected by the Emax model.At last, the final model was fitted better;the fitting results indicated that the EC50 of antipyretic effect of coptisine was 89.7 μg·L-1, and the Emax was 1.88℃.Conclusions Coptisine has a powerful anti-pyretic effect on endotoxin-induced pyrexia of rats with high potency, Low in vivo distribution and quick clearance.

Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) has always been considered as a benign childhood epilepsy syndrome. However, with the accumulation of clinical evidence, the complex disease evolution, high incidence of pharmaco-resistance, significant comorbidity rate and risk of accidental injury in children with CAE were gradually discovered, and the views of domestic and foreign guidelines were also updated. This article reviews the current evidence and guidelines, and the clinical features, treatments, prognosis, comorbidities and accidental injury risk of children with CAE, in order to provide some reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of CAE.

Objective:To investigate alterations in functional connectivity network and brain function activity in childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) based on neuromagnetic signals by using multi-frequency magnetoencephalography.Methods:Twenty-five drug-naive children diagnosed with CAE from the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and the Affiliated Children′s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University during October 2022 and March 2024 and 25 healthy controls matched for age and sex from community were recruited in this cross-sectional study. The interictal data, ictal data of CAE and healthy control children were collected using a CTF-275 channel magnetoencephalography system. Corrected amplitude envelope correlation was used to construct functional connectivity network, and network-based statistics were used to compare network differences between groups. Relative power spectral density was used to describe the distribution characteristics of whole-brain spectral power. Nonparametric permutation tests were conducted 1 000 times to compare spectral power differences between groups.Results:In terms of functional connectivity, significant increases in network activity were observed in the low-frequency bands (δ, θ) during interictal periods in children with CAE. A sub-network with significantly increased functional connectivity, including key nodes of the default mode network, was observed in the δ band. Compared with interictal periods, functional connectivity in the δ band decreased during absence seizures in children with CAE, while connectivity in the mid-to-high-frequency bands (α-γ2) increased. In terms of spectral power, children with CAE during interictal periods exhibited widespread magnetic source activation in the δ band, activation in parts of the parietal and occipital lobes in the θ band, and significantly decreased magnetic source intensity in most areas of the parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes in the α-γ2 band. Compared with interictal periods, children with CAE during absence seizures exhibited widespread magnetic source activation in the δ band, and significantly decreased activation in the θ-γ2 band. According to the magnetic source distribution map, during absence seizures, the frontal lobe replaced the parieto-occipital region in cortical activation in the α band.Conclusion:In the analysis of functional network and spectral power based on multi-frequency neuromagnetic signals, the network pattern and magnetic source activation of children with CAE during interictal periods were significantly different from those of healthy children, and there were characteristic changes in neuromagnetic signals during consciousness impairment caused by absence seizures in children with CAE.

Objective To present our experience and techniques with the use of autologous costal cartilage grafts in Asian rhinoplasty,and to report the surgical results and complications in 86 consecutive rhinoplasty cases.Methods All operations were performed by the first author (Liu AT) with open approach,costal cartilages and perichondrium were used to reconstruct the nasal tip projection according to the tripod theory in rhinoplasty,after removing the previous injection material,L-shaped implant or hypertrophic scar tissue in the tip.Medical charts and operative records were reviewed retrospectively to summary the complications.Nasal dorsum augmentation was done by costal cartilage or I-shaped allograft,sometimes with anterior sheath of rectus abdominis.Patients' subjective satisfaction of the postoperative nasal appearance was self-evaluated with grading (1 worse,2 no change,3 improved,and 4 much improved).Results From September 2015 to March 2017,86 patients underwent rhinoplasty at our hospital.The postoperative follow-up duration was 6 to 20 months.Overall,functional and aesthetic outcome was satisfactory in most patients,and the mean score by the patients' self-evaluation was 3.3 ± 0.6.Graft exposure,mobility,or significant resorption,pneumothorax or significant donor-site pain were not observed.Conclusions Even with minimal complications and morbidities,autologous costal cartilage grafts in Asian rhinoplasty is a versatile and reliable graft material for nasal tip surgery in severe short or saddle nose,contracted nose due to previous L-shaped augmentation and revision rhinoplasty in which the septal cartilage has already been harvested.

ObjectiveTo explore the possible mechanism of action of Bushen Huoxue Granules （补肾活血颗粒， BHG） in the treatment of Parkinson's disease （PD） through the Nrf2/NLRP3 inflammasome axis. MethodsA total of 84 male C57/BL 6 mice were randomly divided into blank group， model group， Madopar group， dimethyl fumarate group， and low-， medium， and high-dose BHG group， with 12 mice in each group. Except for the blank group， all groups were induced into PD models by intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine （MPTP） at a concentration of 30 mg/ml for 7 consecutive days. The blank group received an equal volume of saline. After model establishment， the low-， medium， and high-dose BHG groups were treated with 1.5， 3， and 6 g/（kg·d） of the BHG by gavage， respectively. The Madopar group was given 0.113 g/（kg·d） of Madopar tablets by gavage， and the dimethyl fumarate group was given 50 mg/（kg·d） of dimethyl fumarate solution. The blank group and the model group were given 10 ml/（kg·d） of distilled water by gavage. Gavage was administered once daily for 14 days. Behavioral changes were evaluated using the open field test （total distance， central area distance， and average speed）， rotarod test （time on the rod）， and climbing pole test （climbing time）. Serum levels of interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-18 （IL-18）， and myeloperoxidase （MPO） were measured by ELISA. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect tyrosine hydroxylase （TH） expression in the brain substantia nigra. Immunofluorescence was used to detect α-synuclein （α-syn） expression. Western Blot was used to detect Nrf2， NLRP3， Caspase-1， and α-syn protein levels in the brain substantia nigra. RT-PCR was used to detect mRNA expression levels of Nrf2， NLRP3， and Caspase-1 in the brain substantia nigra. ResultsCompared with the blank group， the model group showed decreased total distance， central area distance， and average speed， reduced time on the rotarod， prolonged climbing time， reduced TH expression， increased α-syn expression， decreased Nrf2 protein and mRNA expression， increased NLRP3 and Caspase-1 protein and mRNA expression， and elevated serum IL-1β， IL-18， and MPO levels （P＜0.05）. Compared with the model group， all drug interventions significantly improved the above indicators （P＜0.05）. There was no significant differences in all indicators between the high-dose BHG group and the Madopar group （P＞0.05）. Compared with the dimethyl fumarate group， the medium and high-dose BHG groups showed increased Nrf2 mRNA expression in the brain substantia nigra （P＜0.05）. Compared with the high-dose BHG group， the low-dose group showed decreased total distance， central area distance， and average speed， reduced serum IL-18 levels， decreased α-syn， Nrf2， NLRP3， and Caspase-1 protein levels， and lower Nrf2 mRNA expression （P＜0.05）. ConclusionThe mechanism by which BHG treat PD may involve activating the Nrf2/NLRP3 inflammasome axis in the brain substantia nigra， thereby reducing neuroinflammation and α-syn aggregation. The high-dose group showed the best effects.

ObjectiveTo explore the possible mechanism of Bushen Huoxue Formula （补肾活血方， BHF） in the treatment of Parkinson's disease （PD） from the the perspective of intestinal flora. MethodsSeventy-two male C57/BL6J mice were randomly divided into blank group， model group， Madopar group and low-， medium- and high-dose BHF groups， with 12 mice in each group. The mice in the blank group were intraperitoneally injected with 10 ml/kg of normal saline， and those in the other groups were intraperitoneally injected with 30 mg/kg of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine （MPTP） at a concentration of 3 mg/ml to induce PD mice model， both once a day for 7 consecutive days. After successful modeling， the low-， medium-， and high-dose BHF groups were given 7.5， 15， and 30 g/（kg·d） of BHF by gavage， respectively， while the Madopar group was given 112.5 mg/（kg ·d） of Domedopar tablets by gavage， and the blank group and the model group were given 15 ml/（kg·d） of distilled water， all once a day for 14 consecutive days. The rod climbing test， rotating rod test， grip strength test and weight-bearing swimming test were used to evaluate the behavioral indicators of mice. Western blotting was used to measure the protein expression levels of Toll-like receptor （TLR）/nuclear factor kappa B （NF-κB） pathway inflammatory factors in the mouse ileum， including Toll-like receptor 2 （TLR2）， Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）， NF-κB， tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α）， interleukin 6 （IL-6）， and interleukin 17 （IL- 17）. 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze changes in mouse intestinal flora. ResultsCompared to those in the blank group， the mice in the model group had longer bottoming time when climbing the pole， reduced grip strength， shortened rotary pole duration and swimming duration， and increased protein expression levels of TLR2， TLR4， NF-κB， TNF-α， and IL-6 in the ileal tissue （P＜0.01）. Compared to the model group， the Madopar group and the low-， medium- and high-dose BHF groups had shortened bottoming time of the climbing pole and increased grip strength； the Madopar group and the high-dose BHF group had prolonged rotary pole duration， and reduced protein expressions of TLR2， TLR4， NF-κB， TNF-α， IL-6， and IL-17 levels； and only the high-dose BHF group had prolonged swimming duration （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared to those in the low-dose BHF group， the bottoming time of the climbing pole were shorter in the moderate- and high-dose groups （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）， and the grip strength increased while the protein expression levels of TLR2， TLR4 and IL-17 decreased in the high-dose group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The intestinal flora results showed significant differences between the blank group and the model group in the Dominance index， Pielou_e index， Shannon index， and Simpson index （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared to those of the model group， the Shannon index， Chao1 index， and Observed_otus index of the Madopar group， as well as the Chao1 index， Observed_otus index， Dominance index， Pielou_e index， Shannon index， and Simpson index of the high-dose BHF group all showed significantly statistical differences （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. At the phylum level， the relative abundance categories of bacterial phyla with statistically significant differences in each group included Proteobacteria， Bacteroidetes， and Firmicutes （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. At the genus level， the relative abundance categories of bacterial genera with statistically significant diffe-rences among each group included Muribaculaceae， Akkermansia， and Helicobacter pylori （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. ConclusionThe possible mechanism of BHF in treating PD may be to reconstruct the disordered intestinal flora structure and improve the inflammatory response.