Epstein-Barr virus is a kind of herpes virus that has oncogenic potential and is related to the tumorgenesis process of various malignancy. Important advances have been obtained on the study of the structure and functions of Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) latent membrane protein 1(LMP1) and signal transduction pathways mediated by LMP1 in recent years. LMP1 could regulate cellular growth, proliferation, transformation, differentiation, transference and apoptosis by means of signal transduction pathways such as NF-?B, AP-1, JAK/STAT, Ets1, MAPK/ATF2 and cyclin dependent kinase.

Objective To explore the feasibility of individualized preoperative preparation for thyroid nodular disease concomitant with hyperthyroxinemia. Methods According to different clinical manifestations,traditional preoperative medical preparation, impulse preoperative medical preparation and propranolol preoperative medical preparation were respectively made on 43 cases of thyroid nodular disease concomitant with hyperthyroxinemia and without eye proptosis. Preoperative medical preparation wasn't performed on 12 eases of hyperthyroxinemia without apparent hypermetabolism and basal metabolic rate less than 20%. Hospitalization time and incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complication were observed and recorded. Results Intraoperative and postoperative thyroid crisis or serious complications didn't occur in all 43 cases of thyroid nodular disease concomitant with hyperthyroxinemia and without eye proptosis. Hospitalization time differs for patients with different preoperative preparation. Conclusion It was feasible to make individualized preoperative preparation for thyroid nodular disease concomitant with hyperthyroxinemia.

Researches have indicated that matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) play a key role in the metastasis of nasopharynx carcinoma (NPC). They promote tumor cell infiltration and metastasis by proteolysis of extracellular matrix proteolysis of tumor cells and induction of angiogenesis and lymphangioenesis. Researches on the mechanism of MMPs and VEGFs on NPC may help to further understand the metastasis of NPC and develop new methods for the diagnosis and treatment of NPC and other tumors as well.

It is important to detect and prevent Alzheimer disease (AD) at its early stage. Constituting the early stage sign of AD, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) has drawn much attention. Studies have shown that donepezil could reduce the AD assessment scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog) score in MCI patients and improve the patient's attention and speed of response; however, it also has many side effects. Therefore, the authors aim to explore the effects of Chinese herbal medicine for treating aMCI.

Objective:CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells (Treg) may contribute to tumor progression by suppressing antitumor im-munity. The function of Treg in antitumor immunity regulation in the peritoneal microenvironment of ovarian cancer (OC) was investi-gated and compared with the circulating Treg to elucidate OC immune escape. Methods: Flow cytometry was used to determine the proportion of CD4+CD25+T cells in CD4+T cells in ascites of 27 patients with OC and in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 28 patients with OC. The samples were analyzed and classified in three stages:primary disease (PD), after chemotherapy (AC), and recurrence dis-ease (RD), according to the clinical conditions of the OC patients upon donating the samples. The percentage of Treg in the three groups was determined in ascites and blood. CD4+CD25+T cells were isolated from ascites and peripheral blood of patients with OC us-ing magnetic sorting (MACS) system. The cells were then tested for regulatory function through coculture with carboxyfluorescein diac-etate succinimidyl ester-labeled autologous CD4+ CD25- responder cells. Results:The proportion of CD4+ CD25+T cells in CD4+T cells significantly increased in ascites (28.25%± 14.06%) compared with that in blood (14.6%± 4.74%;P<0.0001). The Treg in ascites and blood in AC showed higher proportion (P<0.0001) than those in the PD and RD;the proportion in RD was higher than that in PD (P<0.0001). Moreover, the Treg in ascites mediated a significantly higher suppression compared with the Treg in peripheral blood (P<0.001). Conclusion:The frequency and suppressor function of Treg were significantly higher in ascites than in peripheral blood. This finding suggests more possibility for escape immune surveillance in the peritoneal microenvironment. Moreover, the proportion of Treg in AC was higher than that in PD or RD;the proportion in RD was higher than that in the PD. Chemotherapy may favor the expansion of Treg, which may promote the recurrence of cancer.

Objective: This research explores the relationship between the immuno-suppression function of regulatory T cells (Treg) in the ascites of ovarian cancer (OC) patients, the clinico-pathologic features of these patients, and the correlation of the function of Treg with initial treatment and relapse status of the patients to further investigate the specific mechanism of immuno-regulatory func-tion of CD4+ CD25+ Treg in the ascites of OC. Methods: Immuno-magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) was conducted to sort CD4+CD25+Treg and autologous CD4+CD25-Treg from the ascites of 28 OC patients. Carboxyfluorescein-diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) was used to label the autologous CD4+CD25-Treg. These labeled cells were then used as controls and co-cultured with autologous CD4+CD25+Treg at the ratio of 1∶1 or 1∶2. The mean inhibition ratio of Treg in specimens to the proliferation of autolo-gous CD4+ CD25-Treg was calculated after the flow cytometry of the CFSE expression and Modfit software analysis of the CD4+CD25-Treg proliferation index (PI) were performed. Anti-IL-10 and/or anti-TGF-β1 antibodies were neutralized to investigate whether the CD4+CD25+Treg-mediated immuno-suppression escaped through the ascites can produce a marked effect by the inhibitory cyto-kine IL-10 or TGF-β1. Results: The mean inhibition ratio of CD4+ CD25- Treg in the ascites of stage Ⅲ to Ⅳ OC patients was (75.72±17.04)%, which is significantly higher than that of stageⅠtoⅡOC patients (59.61±16.97)%;P<0.05. In addition, Treg in the as-cites of OC patients with recurrent disease showed a significantly higher inhibition ratio than that of patients with primary disease;P<0.001. Moreover, Treg in groups added into neutralizing anti-IL-10 and/or anti-TGF-β1 antibodies displayed significantly lower depres-sant effect than the control group;P<0.05. Conclusion:The immuno-suppression of CD4+CD25+Treg in the ascites of OC patients is correlated with the tumor staging and status of the primary or recurrent diseases. Moreover, Treg may indicate a suppressor function by secreting cytokine IL-10 and TGF-β1.

To investigate the correlation between cognitive function and the Chinese medicine syndrome characteristics of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI).

Objectives To construct reference range of fetal optic tract mean diameter and to report the measured optic tract mean diameter in fetuses with agenesis of the septum pellucidum (SP).Methods Three-dimensional volumes of the optic chiasm were acquired in 254 normal fetuses during routine sonographic examination at 21 ～ 40 weeks' gestation and the diameters of posterior left and right optic tracts were measured offline.A polynomial regression approach was used to calculate reference charts for the fetal optic tract mean diameter.In addition,16 three-dimensional volumes were acquired in fetuses with SP agenesis for offline measurement of optic tract diameter.The complete follow-up data were obtained in 7 of these 16 cases.Results In normal fetuses,the optic tract diameter increased linearly throughout gestation.Normal charts and equations were constructed.Among 7 fetuses with SP agenesis and complete follow-up,one had postnatal normal vision,two had hypoplastic optic tract,and four underwent termination of pregnancy.Three cases of normal childbirth were tested after the baby was born as a bundle of apparent dysplasia,including 1 case of neonatal characterized by lack of vision at the one year old and 2 cases of impaired vision.Four cases of termination of pregnancy included 1 case with tracking pathological confirmation of optic nerve hypoplasia,and the other 3 cases without tracking the pathological results.Conclusions We present new reference charts for fetal optic tract mean diameter.In fetuses with agenesis of the SP,sonography of the optic tract might be a useful tool to assess its development and may help prenatal counseling.

Objective: To investigate the biological phenotype and cell cycle distribution characteristics of nasal and/or nasopharyngeal epithelia of TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT mice.Methods: The biological phenotype changes(mainly the incidence of precancerous lesion) in nasal and nasopharyngeal epithelial tissues of the generation G4 of TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT mice aged 5,11,15 and 18 months were determined by H-E staining,and the cell cycle characteristics of nasal and nasopharyngeal epithelia detected by flow cytometry(FCM).Results: The incidences of precancerous lesion in the nasal and nasopharyngeal epithelia were 0,50%,60% and 75% respectively in the 5,11,15 and 18 mos groups of the positively expressed transgenic mice,and 0 in the four age groups of the negatively expressed ones.Compared with the negatively expressed transgenic mice,the number of nasal or nasopharyngeal epithelial cells was markedly decreased in the G0/G1 phase,but obviously increased in the S and G2/M phases,with the proliferation index(PI) significantly enhanced(P

As one of the "three key virtues" of Confucianism,wisdom played a significant role in the thousands of years of traditional Chinese culture.The nature of medical skills is humanity.However,as the great development of medical technology in modern society,tension and conflicts also arise in the current physician-patient relationship.Under this circumstance,this paper explores the origin of Confucian wisdom and its connection with modern physician-patient relationship,and comes up with suggestions for constructing a modern harmonious physician-patient relationship.