Epstein-Barr virus is a kind of herpes virus that has oncogenic potential and is related to the tumorgenesis process of various malignancy. Important advances have been obtained on the study of the structure and functions of Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) latent membrane protein 1(LMP1) and signal transduction pathways mediated by LMP1 in recent years. LMP1 could regulate cellular growth, proliferation, transformation, differentiation, transference and apoptosis by means of signal transduction pathways such as NF-?B, AP-1, JAK/STAT, Ets1, MAPK/ATF2 and cyclin dependent kinase.

Objective To explore the feasibility of individualized preoperative preparation for thyroid nodular disease concomitant with hyperthyroxinemia. Methods According to different clinical manifestations,traditional preoperative medical preparation, impulse preoperative medical preparation and propranolol preoperative medical preparation were respectively made on 43 cases of thyroid nodular disease concomitant with hyperthyroxinemia and without eye proptosis. Preoperative medical preparation wasn't performed on 12 eases of hyperthyroxinemia without apparent hypermetabolism and basal metabolic rate less than 20%. Hospitalization time and incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complication were observed and recorded. Results Intraoperative and postoperative thyroid crisis or serious complications didn't occur in all 43 cases of thyroid nodular disease concomitant with hyperthyroxinemia and without eye proptosis. Hospitalization time differs for patients with different preoperative preparation. Conclusion It was feasible to make individualized preoperative preparation for thyroid nodular disease concomitant with hyperthyroxinemia.

Researches have indicated that matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) play a key role in the metastasis of nasopharynx carcinoma (NPC). They promote tumor cell infiltration and metastasis by proteolysis of extracellular matrix proteolysis of tumor cells and induction of angiogenesis and lymphangioenesis. Researches on the mechanism of MMPs and VEGFs on NPC may help to further understand the metastasis of NPC and develop new methods for the diagnosis and treatment of NPC and other tumors as well.

Objective:CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells (Treg) may contribute to tumor progression by suppressing antitumor im-munity. The function of Treg in antitumor immunity regulation in the peritoneal microenvironment of ovarian cancer (OC) was investi-gated and compared with the circulating Treg to elucidate OC immune escape. Methods: Flow cytometry was used to determine the proportion of CD4+CD25+T cells in CD4+T cells in ascites of 27 patients with OC and in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 28 patients with OC. The samples were analyzed and classified in three stages:primary disease (PD), after chemotherapy (AC), and recurrence dis-ease (RD), according to the clinical conditions of the OC patients upon donating the samples. The percentage of Treg in the three groups was determined in ascites and blood. CD4+CD25+T cells were isolated from ascites and peripheral blood of patients with OC us-ing magnetic sorting (MACS) system. The cells were then tested for regulatory function through coculture with carboxyfluorescein diac-etate succinimidyl ester-labeled autologous CD4+ CD25- responder cells. Results:The proportion of CD4+ CD25+T cells in CD4+T cells significantly increased in ascites (28.25%± 14.06%) compared with that in blood (14.6%± 4.74%;P<0.0001). The Treg in ascites and blood in AC showed higher proportion (P<0.0001) than those in the PD and RD;the proportion in RD was higher than that in PD (P<0.0001). Moreover, the Treg in ascites mediated a significantly higher suppression compared with the Treg in peripheral blood (P<0.001). Conclusion:The frequency and suppressor function of Treg were significantly higher in ascites than in peripheral blood. This finding suggests more possibility for escape immune surveillance in the peritoneal microenvironment. Moreover, the proportion of Treg in AC was higher than that in PD or RD;the proportion in RD was higher than that in the PD. Chemotherapy may favor the expansion of Treg, which may promote the recurrence of cancer.

Objective: This research explores the relationship between the immuno-suppression function of regulatory T cells (Treg) in the ascites of ovarian cancer (OC) patients, the clinico-pathologic features of these patients, and the correlation of the function of Treg with initial treatment and relapse status of the patients to further investigate the specific mechanism of immuno-regulatory func-tion of CD4+ CD25+ Treg in the ascites of OC. Methods: Immuno-magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) was conducted to sort CD4+CD25+Treg and autologous CD4+CD25-Treg from the ascites of 28 OC patients. Carboxyfluorescein-diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) was used to label the autologous CD4+CD25-Treg. These labeled cells were then used as controls and co-cultured with autologous CD4+CD25+Treg at the ratio of 1∶1 or 1∶2. The mean inhibition ratio of Treg in specimens to the proliferation of autolo-gous CD4+ CD25-Treg was calculated after the flow cytometry of the CFSE expression and Modfit software analysis of the CD4+CD25-Treg proliferation index (PI) were performed. Anti-IL-10 and/or anti-TGF-β1 antibodies were neutralized to investigate whether the CD4+CD25+Treg-mediated immuno-suppression escaped through the ascites can produce a marked effect by the inhibitory cyto-kine IL-10 or TGF-β1. Results: The mean inhibition ratio of CD4+ CD25- Treg in the ascites of stage Ⅲ to Ⅳ OC patients was (75.72±17.04)%, which is significantly higher than that of stageⅠtoⅡOC patients (59.61±16.97)%;P<0.05. In addition, Treg in the as-cites of OC patients with recurrent disease showed a significantly higher inhibition ratio than that of patients with primary disease;P<0.001. Moreover, Treg in groups added into neutralizing anti-IL-10 and/or anti-TGF-β1 antibodies displayed significantly lower depres-sant effect than the control group;P<0.05. Conclusion:The immuno-suppression of CD4+CD25+Treg in the ascites of OC patients is correlated with the tumor staging and status of the primary or recurrent diseases. Moreover, Treg may indicate a suppressor function by secreting cytokine IL-10 and TGF-β1.

To investigate the correlation between cognitive function and the Chinese medicine syndrome characteristics of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI).

Objective:The objective of this research is to study the serum level of the high-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) in human ovarian tumor (OvCa) and in a healthy control. This study also aims to identify different HMGB1 levels before and after sur-gery and to explore the inhibitory effect of HMGB1 gene silencing in the proliferation and invasion ability of OvCa. Methods: En-zyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the serum level of HMGB1 in OvCa patients and healthy subjects. Lentivirus vector with HMGB1 shRNA was constructed and used to infect OvCa cells. The expressions of HMGB1 mRNA and protein were test-ed by real-time PCR and Western blot. Cell proliferation was detected using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, whereas cell invasion and migration were detected by Transwell assay. Results:The serum level of HMGB1 was more elevated in patients with malignant diseas-es compared with individuals with benign diseases and the control groups. In the malignant group, the serum level of HMGB1 de-creased noticeably after therapy. Down-regulation of HMGB1 expression resulted in the inhibition of the biological behavior and metas-tasis of ovarian cancer cells. Conclusion: HMGB1 is closely associated with clinicopathologic features of OvCa. Knockdown of HMGB1 expression can significantly inhibit cell proliferation, cell migration, and cell invasion of OvCa. These findings indicate that HMGB1 can function as a therapeutic target for ovarian neoplasm in the future.

Background and purpose:The development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in rat and transformation of embryo nasophryngeal epithelia induced by N,N'-dinitrosopiperazine (DNP) were interfered by Yiqijiedu formular medicine via inhibiting telomerase. We investigated the impact of Yiqijiedu formula on precancerous lesion of nasal and nasopharyngeal epithelia in TgN (p53mt-LMP1) / HT mice induced by DNP and on its expression level of c-jun and p16 genes. Methods:The fourth generation TgN (p53mt-LMP1) / HT mice aged 5 months were randomly divided into 2 groups:(1)TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT cancerous lesion-inducing group (group A) was treated by normal saline with 15ml/kg, and Chinese traditional medicine treating group (group B) was treated by Yiqijiedu formular drug with 12.91 g/(kg?d). C57BL/6J wild-type mice were chosen as negative control group (group C) treated by normal saline with 15ml/kg. Epithelial tissue samples were taken from nasal cavity and nasopharyngnx of mice respectively for pathohistological evaluation by H-E staining procedures, and expression level of c-Jun and p16 in these tissue sampleswere determined by immunohistochemical methods and western blot. Results:The occurrence rates of precancerous lesions in nasal and/or nasopharyngeal epithelia in Group C, A and B were 0, 90% and 10% respectively (P

As one of the "three key virtues" of Confucianism,wisdom played a significant role in the thousands of years of traditional Chinese culture.The nature of medical skills is humanity.However,as the great development of medical technology in modern society,tension and conflicts also arise in the current physician-patient relationship.Under this circumstance,this paper explores the origin of Confucian wisdom and its connection with modern physician-patient relationship,and comes up with suggestions for constructing a modern harmonious physician-patient relationship.

It is important to detect and prevent Alzheimer disease (AD) at its early stage. Constituting the early stage sign of AD, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) has drawn much attention. Studies have shown that donepezil could reduce the AD assessment scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog) score in MCI patients and improve the patient's attention and speed of response; however, it also has many side effects. Therefore, the authors aim to explore the effects of Chinese herbal medicine for treating aMCI.