heart.CONCLUSION:The half-life of PEG-SOD enteric coated capsules is much longer than that of SOD enteric coated capsule and is worth further studying as a new type preparation

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the parameters of the extraction and purification technologies of total flavonoids from Di-ospyros kaki Thunb. leaves,and then to compare the contents of flavonoids in fresh and dried D. kaki Thunb. leaves. METHODS:Taking the yield of total flavonoids as the investigated index,the influences of liquid-solid ratio,the volume fraction of ethanol and ultrasonic extraction time on the extraction effect were discussed by single-factor and orthogonal test. With the purity of total flavo-noids as the investigated index,the purification effects of such three kinds of methods as ethyl acetate extraction method,alcohol deposition method and macroreticular resin purification method combined with petroleum ether degreasing on the extracted solution were compared. The optimal extraction technology was adopted to extract the total flavonoids from fresh and dried D. kaki Thunb. leaves and their contents were compared. RESULTS:The optimal extraction technology was as follows as liquid-solid ratio of 25∶1 (ml/g),volume fraction of ethanol of 70%,ultrasonic extraction time of 30 min,extraction temperature of 30 ℃. The results of the verification tests showed the average content of total flavonoids was 1.75%(RSD=2.00%,n=3). The total flavonoids in the extracted solution purified by the above-mentioned three purification methods had a purity of 24.92%,15.94% and 35.52% respec-tively,in which the macroreticular resin purification method with petroleum ether degreasing combined with AB-8 resin purification was optimal. The content of flavonoids in fresh D. kaki Thunb. leaves(1.75%) was about twice as much as that in dried leaves (0.87%). CONCLUSIONS:The optimal extraction and purification technologies are simple with good effect,and suitable for large-scale production. Fresh D. kaki Thunb. leaves should be used as raw materials for extracting flavonoids.

Objective To verify the association between common breast cancer susceptibility loci which have been confirmed in European and Asian populations and breast cancer susceptibility in sporadic breast cancer among the Han nationality in Henan province , and to analyze their genotypes in the internal type of breast cancer . Methods In 253 breast cancer patients ( the case group ) and 343 patients who had benign breast lesions ( the control group), rs2046210(6q25.1), rs2981582(EGFR2), rs889312(MAP3K1), and rs3803662(TOX3/TNRC9)were genotyped by SNP im-LDR technique.According to estrogen receptor(ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)and Ki67, breast cancer are divided into 5 types:Lu-minal A, Luminal B, HER2-enrich, Luminal HER2, and triple negative breast cancer ( TNBC).Results rs2046210(6q25.1), rs2981582(EGFR2), rs889312(MAP3K1)had no statistical differences between the case group and the control group(P=0.421, 0.459, and 0.468), but the genotype of rs3803662(TOX3/TNRC9)in the case group and the control group had statistical difference (P=0.037).The allelic frequencies of rs3803662 between the case group and control group were different in codominant inheritance ( OR=2.19, 95%CI:1.19-4.02)and recessive genetic models (OR =2.06,95% CI:1.15 -3.70).Compared with AA and GA, GG in-creased the risk of breast cancer ( P =0.012, 0.015 ).The genotypes of rs2046210 ( 6q25.1 ), rs2981582 (EGFR2), rs889312(MAP3K1), and rs3803662(TOX3/TNRC9)had no difference in different types of breast cancer.Conclusions Four common breast cancer susceptibility loci from GWAS are not entirely associated with breast cancer risk among the Han nationality in Henan province .Only rs3803662(TOX3/TNRC9)is confirmed to increase the risk of breast cancer .Different genotypes of 4 loci distribute equally in different types of breast cancer .

Objective To observe the spinal stability of regrafting the posterior ligamentous complex after spinal canal tumor resection. Methods The data of 43 cases with spinal canal tumor in our department from July 2008 to July 2013 were retrospectively analyzed,who were fixed the free of the lamina by mini titanium-plate. Results The operation time was 130 to 220 min,the average time was 150 min. The blood loss volume was 200 to 750 mL,with average volume 340 mL. All patients were followed up for 6 to 42 months. No iatrogenic spinal cord injury nor complications such as artery injury,spinal cord and spinal nerve root local anomalies hydrops occurred. By Flexion-extension radio-graphs,regrafting of the posterior ligamentous complex after the resection of spinal cord tumors preserved spinal mobility well. Conclusion The mini titanium-plate fixation treatment of spinal canal tumor has good superiority and clinical feasibility by regrafting the posterior ligamen-tous complex and reconstructing the spinal stability.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of celecoxib on the tendon adhesion and healing after anastomosis.Methods54 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned to one of 3 ( celecoxib,ibuprofen,and saline) groups.The deep flexor tendon was transected,followed by a primary repair.The care was begun the day after surgery and was continually provided for 14 days.Celecoxib was given[20 mg/( kg · d) ],ibuprofen was given [75 mg/( kg · d) ],or the same volume of saline solution was given respectively.At the 4th and 8th week the animals were killed and assessed by general observation,histologically observation,and biomechanical testing.ResultsGeneral observation,celecoxib group and ibuprofen group showed good shape of tendons,smooth surface,and covered with a film - like tissue,and it was easy to be separated.Saline group showed that tendon and surrounding tissue medium had dense adhesions,and it was difficult to be separated.Histologically observation showed between tendon and paratenon had clear gap in celecoxib and ibuprofen group.The mature fiber cells gradually arranged rules and in the same direction.Saline between the tendon and paratenon gradually emerged a gap,but more fibroblasts and arranged in irregular.Biomechanical testing showed that tendon sliding resistance appeared in celecoxib and ibuprofen group.Compared with saline group,the differences were statistically significant (0.354 ± 0.078/0.382 ±0.121 vs 0.521 ±0.126,P ＜0.05;0.075 ±0.035/0.097 ±0.043 vs 0.414 ±0.110,P ＜0.01).UTS (ultimate tensile strength had statistical significance among celecoxib,saline groups and ibuprofen group.(36.812 ±6.388 vs 24.899 ±4.667,P ＜0.05;34.297 ±8.132 vs 24.899 ±4.667,P ＜0.01 ;54.515 ±4.688/59.037 ± 6.606 vs 42.418 ± 5.594,P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionsCelecoxib can effectively prevent tendon adhesion,and does not affect the tendon healing.

OBJECTIVEThe molecular targets of ginsenoside Rg1-induced neural stem cells (NSCs) differentiation were screened by genechip.

METHOD7th day following ginsenoside Rg1 induced human neural stem cells to neurons the gene expression was observed by genechip. The purpose gene and signal transduction pathways were selected by the data calculations, and then confirmed by western blot and immunohistochemical method.

RESULT7th day following Rg1-induced NSCs differentiation, there were about 675 different genes, 255 genes of which were up-regulated and 420 genes down-regulated obviously. Meanwhile the ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase) in MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway was related with the NSCs differentiation. The Western blot and immunohistochemistry detection confirmed that ERK 1/2 protein and its phosphorylation were significantly increased, which can be blocked by PD98059 (ERK1/2 inhibitor). In addition, differentiation rate of NSCs was also decreased obviously in ginsenoside Rg1-induced differentiated NSCs when ERK blocker PD98059 was used.

CONCLUSIONERK1/2 is an important molecular target in ginsenoside Rg1-induced NSC differentiation. The selected differentially expressed genes by genechip may provide new clues to study of ginsenoside Rg1-induced NSCs differentiation.

Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Line ; Down-Regulation ; drug effects ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; Humans ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; drug effects ; genetics ; Neural Stem Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Time Factors

Objective To discuss the clinical effects of forward lateral malleolus perforator flap in the repair of skin and soft tissue defect of ankle or dorsal foot.Methods From November,2014 to June,2017,16 cases of skin and soft tissue defect in ankle or dorsal foot had been repaired,which were 11 males and 5 females,aged from 25to 58 years old(average,32.5 years).The rotation points were on proximal 5 cm of the lateral malleolus in 11 cases and on the level of tarsal sinus in 5 cases.The largest flap was 10.0 cm×18.0 cm and the smallest flap was 6.0 cm×4.0 cm.The color,thickness,texture,sensation,appearance,donor site shape and functional were followed-up after operation.Results All the 16 patients were followed-up from 1 to 24 months.The distal flap appeared dark in 1 case 2 days after operation,and blood supply was improved after stitches;One case was superficial necrosis and healed after dressing.All the flaps had good appearance and texture,no pigmentation,scar contracture,and so on.Conclusion The forward lateral malleolus perforator flaps have perforator constantly and the color,thickness are similar with the receiving areas,the rotation point could on proximal 5 cm of the lateral malleolus and on the level of tarsal sinus,which is a good method to repair skin and soft tissue defect of ankle or dorsal foot.

Objective: To evaluate theresult of Screwless Scarf osteotomy for the treatment of moderate to severe hallux valgus. Methods: From January 2016 to May 2017, 13 patients with 15 feet underwent Screwless (without internal fixation) Scarf osteotomy for the treatment of moderate to severe hallux valgus.The hallux valgus angle (HVA) and intermetatarsal angle(IMA) were compared before and after surgery.Clinical outcomes were assessed by American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scoring. Results: The mean follow-up was 6 months in all the patients(range, 2-12 months). HVA was decreased by 25.7°(form 38.8°preoperative to 13.1°postoperative). IMA was decreased by 9.6°(form 18.3°preoperative to 8.7°postoperative). AOFAS sore was increase by 39.7 points (45.7 points preoperative to 85.4 points). The incidence of excellence was 86.7%. Conclusions Satisfactory clinical outcomes can be achieved by screwless Scarf osteotomy for moderate or severe hallux valgus.However, strict indications and sufficient surgical skills are crucial.

Objective: To dynamically study the use of antiseptic drugs at tertiary public hospitals in the localities for general information. Methods: In this paper, the panel data were analyzed using dynamic monitoring data from the " monitoring network for clinical application of antiseptic drugs" . Such means as descriptive statistical analysis, single-factor analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to learn the use and monitoring of such drugs. Results: We found that the use of such drugs at tertiary hospitals has improved significantly nationwide in recent years, yet with some gaps up to the standard. Given such progress, the economic and social burden caused by the unreasonable use of antiseptic drugs calls for more attention. Conclusions It is imperative to strengthen the supervision of such drugs and promote their rational use so as to reduce the social and economic burden.

Objective:To investigate the value of transperineal ultrasound assessment of levator hiatal antero-posterior (LHap) diameter changes in the diagnosis of pelvic floor dysfunction.Methods:The clinical data of 246 patients with suspected pelvic floor dysfunction who received treatment in Yuyao People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province from October 2020 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. All these patients underwent clinical examination and modified Oxford score (MOS) evaluation. They were divided into observation group (low pelvic floor muscle contractility) and control group (normal pelvic floor muscle contractility) according to MOS. All patients were subjected to ultrasound examination and LHap diameter measurement under three conditions (at rest, pelvic floor muscle contraction, and maximal Valsalva maneuver). The percentage of shortening of LHap diameter (PDC%) and the percentage of elongation of LHap diameter (PIV%) were calculated. The differences of PDC% and PIV% were compared between the observation and control groups. The receiver operating curve was used to evaluate the values of PDC% and PIV% in the diagnosis of pelvic floor dysfunction.Results:Age, body mass index, the proportion of parturient women among included patients, and the proportion of patients who underwent vaginal delivery were significantly higher in the observation group than those in the control group (all P < 0.001). LHap diameters measured when patients were at rest, pelvic floor muscle contraction, and maximal Valsalva maneuver as well as PIV% in the observation group were (45.23 ± 5.74) mm], (37.71 ± 8.44) mm, (51.03 ± 7.41) mm and (11.42 ± 4.79)%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(41.78 ± 4.56) mm, (29.15 ± 4.64) mm, (44.28 ± 4.87) mm, (6.05 ± 2.13)%, t = -4.62, -8.29, -7.26, -9.36, all P < 0.001]. PDC% in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(17.52 ± 5.58)% vs. (32.19 ± 4.27)%, t = 20.39, P < 0.001]. MOS was positively correlated with PDC% ( r = 0.56, P < 0.001) and it was negatively correlated with PIV% ( r = -0.49, P < 0.001). Taking PDC% < 35.36% as the cut-off value, the area under the receiver operating curve was 0.85, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy values were 66.40%, 97.38%, and 73.90%, respectively. Taking PIV% > 5.18% as the cut-off value, the area under the curve was 0.70, and the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy values were 71.45%, 57.90% and 68.15%, respectively. When PDC% and PIV% were used together, the area under the curve was 0.73 and the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy values were 84.57%, 55.05% and 77.32%, respectively. Conclusion:Transperineal ultrasound assessment of LHap diameter changes are of certain value in the prediction of pelvic floor dysfunction and can provide objective and quantitative data support for clinicians to diagnose pelvic floor dysfunction. This study is highly innovative and scientific.