MRI and ultrasound technique have improved the diagnosis of glioblastoma and increased clinical value for themselves.Superselective intravascular perfusion chemotherapy/radiotherapy bring less damage,more local effectiveness and less adverse reactions,presenting bright future with involvement of anti-angiogenesis.Mechanisms of drug effect and recurrence of glioblastoma should be put in more emphasis for research work.Reducing diagnostic cost,promoting veracity and reliability of new techniques and intensifying the combination of Superselective intravascular perfusion and chemotherapeutic drugs will provide important significance for researches in the near future.(J Intervent Radiol,2007,16:284-286)

The prognosis of gastric cancer is significantly associated with the disease stage,early diagnosis of gastric cancer is the key to extend the survival time of patients. Nowadays,gastroscopy combined with gastric mucosa biopsy is the most important method to detect early gastric cancer in clinical practice. However,the detection rate is low and requiring the endoscopists to learn the endoscopic morphological characteristics of early gastric cancer,which will help them to find out suspicious cancerous lesions and perform effective biopsy. This article reviewed the morphological risk factors of early gastric cancer under white light endoscopy,so as to provide endoscopists with the capability for diagnosis of early gastric cancer.

Selective salpingogram(SSG)and hysterosalpingography(HSG)have achieved fairly reliable diagnostic value. SSG and transcervical fallopian tube recanalization(T-FTR)possess rather credible therapeutic value,long-term effect and low risk. Recanalization rate and pregnancy rate,combining with the measurement of tubal perfusion pressures(TPP)and development of ultrasonic technology,can evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety more generally and objectively. Researches in the future should lay emphasis on developing non-radiologic technique,promoting diagnostic veracity,reducing side effects,and establishing randomly control trials together with consolidating the standardized evaluation criteria.(J Intervent Radiol,2007,16: 714-717)

Objective To establish a method for detection of RhD(+) red blood cells mixed in D-negative blood by flow cytometry(FCM).Method RhD(+) and RhD(-) RBCs were mixed according to predefined ratios.Cells were indirectly labeled,with IgG anti-D labeled as the first antibody,and FITC-anti-IgG F(ab')2 as the second antibody.The percentage of RhD(+) RBCs was determined by FCM,and the best dosage of IgG anti-D was also defined.The ratio of red cells in the two groups,measured by FCM,was compared with the actual ratio.The consistency of method was also evaluated.Results The effective dosage of IgG anti-D was 1∶4,and 50?l/1?106 cells.When the actual percentages of RhD(+) cell among RhD(-) cells were 2.5%-0.312%,the correlation coefficient between the percentages measured by FCM and the actual percentages was 0.987.The same tubes,containing 10% and 2.5% RhD(+) RBCs,were each tested for 10 times,and their coefficient of variation were 3.4%,and 4.9%,respectively.Conclusion The method of quantifying the RhD(+) RBCs in D-negative blood by FCM is feasible and repeatable,which deserves a further clinical application.

A further observation was conducted on the ultrastructure of mother sporccyst (Ms),daughter sporocyst in the brood chamber (b-Ds),migrating daughter sporccyst (mi-Es) and daughter sporocyst in the liver tissue (1-Ds) of Oncomelania hupensis by scanning and transmission electron microscopy.There are 5 points worthy of mention here,namely:(1)A special structure,microvilli polymerizing cisterna,is found on the tegument of 52-day-old Ms branche in all directions and a tubule-like structure is connected to the matrix of the tegument,The significance of this structure may be dealed with the metabolism and transport of the parasite.(2) The tegumental spines appear on 52-day-old Ms.(3) The function of multilaminated vesicle in the tegument of 1-Ds may be associated with the turning over of the surface coat of the larvae and the copatibiltiy between parasite and molluscan host.(4) Abundant ?-glycogen granules and mitochondria appear in the cytoplasm of parenchyma cell of brood chamber of Ms and Ds.It is proposed that the parenchymal cells not only served as the filling material,but also serve as the nursing cells for the regulation of asexual reproduction of the sporocysts.(5)The orientation of muscle fibers of the head of the mi-Ds and narrow node region of 1-Ds shows a well development of the inner longitudinal fibers adjacent to the outer circular muscle layer.They run anlero-posteriorly or vertically from the dorsal to the ventral.The pattern of muscle fibers may account for the activity of these regions of the parasite.(Figs 1-8)In short,the presentation of microvilli polymerizing cisterna,multilamilated vesicle,?-glycogen granules in parenchymal cell,the genesis of spine and the pattern of muscle fibers of the larval stage of schistosome might be helpful in understanding the asexual reproductive physiology of the parasite.

Objective To investigate the effect of CT angiography on the qualitative and differential diagnosis in small pulmonary nodules.Methods 120 patients with pulmonary small nodular lesions from September 2014 to October 2015 in our hospital were selected,and they were divided into the observation group and control group according to pathological type.the patients with malignant pathology were in the observation group,with totaling 64 cases;the patients with benign pathology were selected as a control group,with a total of 56 cases.Lesion type,sensitivity,vascular sign type,CT enhancement value and the ratio of enhancement value to aorta value in the two groups were compared and analyzed after the CT scan.Results In the observation group,positive CT angiography sign was 50 cases while negative ones was 14 cases,the sensitivity was 78.1%;In the control group,CT angiography sign was positive in 16 cases,negative in 40 cases,with the sensitivity of 28.6%.Comparing of two vascular symptoms sensitive case, there was a significant difference(χ2 =6.781,P =0.012).Vascular symptoms genotyping were compared in vascular symptoms positive patients,the results showed significant differences(χ2 =7.694,6.964,5.993,6.012,all P <0.05).Enhanced CT scan value of patients showed positive signs in the observation group was (40.07 ±3.72)Hu, with the control group of (10.54 ±4.83)Hu,the difference was statistically significant(t =11.783,P =0.019).The ratio of enhancement CT value to aorta value in patients with positive reaction showed 24.96% in the observation group,and 4.01% in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =7.460,P =0.012).Conclusion
CT angiography features has played a very important role in qualitative and differential diagnosis of small nodular lesions in the lungs.It is of great significance in the clinical diagnosis and treatment,and is worth further promotion.

Objective To investigate clinical value of procalcitonin (PCT ) in guiding treatment of infection in elderly patients with heart failure .Methods A total of 120 cases of elderly patients with heart failure and infection were divided into control group (50 cases) ,receiving conventional anti-infection treatment ,and observation group(70 cases) ,receiving adjusted anti-infection treat-ment based on serum PCT levels .Treatment efficiency ,cost of treatment ,hospitalization duration and other indicators were com -pared between the two groups .Results Effective rate of observation group was 78 .57% ,which was not significantly different with the 78 .00% of control group ( P > 0 .05) .Cost of treatment ,hospitalization duration ,application time of antibiotics ,antibacterial drug costs ,superinfection and mortality were significantly different between the two groups (P< 0 .05) .After treatment ,levels of e-rythrocyte sedimentation rate ,C-reaction protein ,white blood cells and neutrophil in the two groups were significantly improved (P< 0 .05) .After treatment ,C-reaction protein level of observation group was lower than control group (P < 0 .05) .Conclusion PCT based anti-infection treatment could help shorten the treatment time ,reducing treatment costs and improving outcomes ,and might be worthy of clinical application .

?AIM: To compare the clinical effect of 23G and 25G+vitrectomy for retinal detachment.?METHODS:Forty seven patients with retinal detachment were treated with 23G vitrectomy (27 eyes in 27 cases as group A) and 25G+ vitrectomy (20 eyes in 20 cases as group B ) . The operation time and the incidence of intraoperative complications were recorded. The occurrence of retinal reposition, visual acuity, intraocular pressure ( IOP ) and complications were observed. Postoperative follow-up time of the two groups were 3d, 1wk, 3mo. The relevant records were statistically analyzed and compared.?RESULTS: The operation time of 23G group and 25G+group were 50. 21+4. 52min, 49. 15+5. 14min,respectively and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0. 05). The main complications were retinal hemorrhage and iatrogenic retinal hole. There were 3 eyes with retinal hemorrhage, 2 eyes with iatrogenic retinal hole in 23G group, and 1 eye with retinal hemorrhage, 1 eye with iatrogenic retinal hole in the 25G+group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0. 05). The postoperative visual acuity of 23G group and 25G + group were significantly improved, and the differences between the two groups were not statistically significant at different time points after operation ( P>0. 05). The number of eyes with hypotonia in 23G and 25G+group were 3 and 1 eyes respectively, the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0. 05 ). But there were no significant differences between the two groups on IOP at 1wk and 3mo after surgery (P>0. 05). At the last follow-up, the results showed that 26 eyes ( 96%) with retinal reposition in 23G group, 19 eyes (95%) in 25G+ group, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0. 05).?CONCLUSION: The clinical effect of 23G and 25G+vitrectomy for retinal detachment is similar, but 25G+vitrectomy can reduce incidence of complications and early postoperative low IOP.