Objective To investigate the roles of ulinastatin in improving coagulation function and inhibiting fibrolysis in neohepatic phase in liver transplantation. Methods Forty patients who were to undergo liver transplantation were randomly divided into ulinastatin group(experiment group,n=20) and placebo group(control group,n=20).Platelet,prothrombin time(PT),activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) and fibrinogen(Fg) were measured at induction,anhepatic phase(10 min after clamping),neohepatic phase(5 and 60 min after unclamping) and the end of operation.Coagulation index(CI) of thromboelastogram(TEG) was monitored,and the volumes of blood loss,red blood cells infusion,fresh frozen plasma infusion and cryoprecipitate infusion were recorded. Results Five min after unclamping,the number of patients with CI

Objective To explore the adjustment effects of suckling nutrition on hypothalamus gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons(GnRH) expression level and adolescence sexual development by establishing different nutrition models for suckling female rats.Methods One-day-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups.Two suckling rats were fed by one lactation rat in overnutrition group,10 suckling rats were fed by one lactation rat in normal control group,20 suckling rats were fed by one lactation rat in malnutrition group.The animals were weaned at day 21 of age in groups of 5 rats per cage with free access to pelleted food and tap water.To comparatively observe vaginal opening,10 rats in each group were randomly sacrificed when the overnutrition rats showed complete vaginal opening and when the normal control rats showed complete vaginal opening.The amount and percentage of the positive GnRH neurons in hypothalamus arcuate nucleus were detected with immunohistochemistry.The influence of suckling nutrition to female rats adolescence sexual development was assessed by statistical analysis.Results 1.When the overnutrition rats showed complete vaginal opening(at 35-day-old),the amount of positive GnRH neuron in hypothalamus arcuate nucleus was respectively 247?111 in overnutrition group,143?73 in normal control group and 74?70 in malnutrition group.It was showed that the amount of the positive GnRH neuron of hypothalamus arcuate nucleus in overnutrition group was more than the other groups(Pa0.05).3.Overnutrition female rats showed complete vaginal opening at a mean age of (29.60?1.96) days,(39.10?1.66) days in normal control female rats and (41.30?3.33) days in malnutrition female rats.It was proposed that the sexual development of overnutrition rats was earlier than the other groups(Pa

Aged ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Middle Aged ; Muscle, Skeletal/physiology* ; Vibration

OBJECTIVETo explore the correlation between Chinese medical (CM) syndrome types of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) patients and Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection, polymorphisms of IL-1B, and IL-1β.

METHODSTotally 192 CAG patients and 202 healthy subjects (as the healthy control group) were recruited in this case-control study. The Hp infection was tested by 13C-urea breath test and colloidal gold-labeled assay (GICA). The concentration of peripheral blood IL-1β was measured by ELISA. The polymorphisms of IL-1B gene in the promoter region were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).

RESULTSPi-Wei weakness syndrome (PWWS) was dominant in CAG patients (31.77%, 61/192 cases). The Hp infection ratio in CAG patients was 53.65% (103/192 cases), of which, Pi-Wei damp-heat syndrome(PWDHS, 64.86%, 24/37 cases) and Gan-Wei disharmony syndrome (GWDS, 66.67%, 24/36 cases) were dominant. Compared with the health control group, the plasma concentration of IL-1β was obviously elevated in CAG patients with PWDHS, GWDS, and static blood obstructing collaterals syndrome (SBOCS) (all P < 0.05). Additionally, there was no difference in the distribution of polymorphisms in the promoter region of IL-1 B gene between the CAG patients and the healthy control group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe incidence risk of CAG was not associated with IL-1B polymorphism. But CM syndrome types of CAG patients was associated with Hp infection and peripheral blood IL-1β levels.

Case-Control Studies ; Gastritis ; Gastritis, Atrophic ; genetics ; Helicobacter Infections ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Incidence ; Interleukin-1beta ; genetics ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Polymorphism, Genetic

Objective: To investigate the potential role of me latonin in the adrenal cortex of human embryo. Methods:Specifi c melatonin receptors was localized and characterized in the adrenal cortex of h u man embryo by means of immunohistochemistry. Results: mt1 （Me l1a）and MT2 （Mel1b）subtype of melatonin receptors was principally localize d to cytoplasm in zona glomerulosa， fasciculata and reticularis. Conclu sion: It is possible that mt1 and MT2 subtype of melatonin receptors co-exist in the adrenal cortex of human embryo.

Objective To analyze the complications of lower cervical pedicle screw fixation in treatment of the cervical spine disorders and discuss the operative technique. Methods A retrospective study was made in 104 patients with different cervical injuries treated by C3-7 pedicle screw fixation (total use of 624 screws) from July 2004 to March 2008. One stage posterior reduction and fixation using lower cervical pedicle screw-rod system or screw-plat system were performed in 66 traumatic patients and the nerve condition was evaluated by Frankel criteria system. For 46 non-traumatic patients, laminoplasty or laminectomy was performed for decompression, and cervical pedicle screw-rod system or screw-plat system were used in deformity correction and stability reconstruction. Based on exploration to quadric walls of vertebral pedicle during operation, postoperative thin-slice CT scan along operative vertebra segments' pedicle and bilateral oblique position X-ray of cervical spine in all patients, we evaluated screw location, screw angle as well as the distance and the relation between the screws and the internal pedicle wall or lateral wall. Results In this study, the lower cervical pedicles of 104 patients were fixated with 624 screws including 77 screws (12.34% ) for pedicle wall damage, 68 screws (10.8% ) for the lateral wall injury, 56 screws (8.97% ) for grade Ⅰ violation of pedicles, 12 screws (1.92% ) for grade II violation of pedicles Ⅱ violation of pedicles and 9 screws (1.44% ) for inferior wall injury of cervical pedicle. The follow-up lasted for 3-24 months (average 9. 8 months), which showed breakage of two screws (0.32% ) and loosening of one screw (0.16% ). Conclusions Lower cervical pedicle screw fixation has relatively low incidence of complications and is a safe operation. The complications can be minimized by sufficient preoperative imaging studies of the pedicles, familiar with the feature of opography and reasonable surgery technique.

BACKGROUND: Human tooth bone graft has been used for bone deficiency in dental implantation, but the strength and quality of newly formed bones with human tooth bone graft are in need of sound investigation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the compressive strength of newly formed rabbit tibia after repair with human tooth bone graft. METHODS: Orthodontic teeth, loose molars, bicuspid premolars extracted from patients were taken to prepare human tooth bone grafts. Human tooth bone graft and bovine bone graft were independently placed into the rabbit tibia defects of 5 mm in diameter. Non-injured site served as control group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The newly formed rabbit tibia after repair with human tooth bone graft had more intact microstructure and higher maximum compressive strength and stiffness relative to that after repair with bovine bone graft. These findings indicate human tooth bone graft is superior to bovine bone graft in the repair of tibia defects in rabbits.

Background With the development of phacoemulsification surgery,the minimization of the size of the incision in order to reduce the damaging of eye tissue and postoperative complications becomes a focus.Objective This study aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of coaxial phacoemulsification type cataract surgery through a 1.8 mm microincision with foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in eyes with age-related cataract.Methods Informed consent was obtained from each patient at the beginning of this study.A serial case observation study was designed.Thirty-two eyes of 32 patients with age-related cataract were enrolled in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People' s Hospital from April 2012 to May 2012,including 8 eyes of grade Ⅱ hard nucleus cataract,16 eyes of grade Ⅲ hard nucleus cataract and 8 eyes of grade Ⅳ hard nucleus cataract.Ocular axial length was measured by an A-mode ultrasonic apparatus,and IOL diopter was calculated using the SRK-Ⅱ formula.Under ocular surface anesthesia,a 1.8 mm clear corneal tunnel incision was made at the 10-11 o' clock position,and then an auxiliary incision was made at the 2 o' clock position.The opaque lens was extracted by routine phacoemulsification.An Akreos MI60 IOL was implanted through the 1.8 mm incision.The time and level of ultrasonic power required for phacoemulsification,postoperative visual acuity and incidence of postoperative complication were assessed.Postoperative examinations were scheduled at 1 day,1 week and 1 month after the surgery.Results All the operations proceeded smoothly.The mean phaco-time was (7.0±3.6) seconds and the mean ultrasonic power level was (15.3 ±6.1)％ among the different grades of cataract groups.The number of eyes presenting an uncorrected distance visual acuity of ≥ 0.5 was 18 (56.25％),28 (87.50％) and 30 (93.75％) 1 day,1 week and 1 month after surgery,respectively.The number of eyes with a best corrected distance visual acuity of ≥ 0.5 and 0.8 were 31(96.88％) and 26 (81.25％),respectively,1 month after surgery.Negligible changes were detected in the anterior chamber depths,and no thermal damage was found at the incision during the operation.Conclusions Coaxial phacoemulsification and IOL implantation through a 1.8 mm microincision is safe and effective.Thorough planning and precise execution are necessary.

To observe the reliability and short-term and mid-term efficacy of a new designed multi-functional lacrimal sac nasal drainage stent on the treatment of nasolacrimal duct obstruction after endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy ( EES-DCR ) , and to evaluate its clinical application value. METHODS: A retrospective case series study was carried out. Seventy - six patients ( 79 eyes ) with nasolacrimal duct obstruction underwent EES-DCR and a new type of multi-functional lacrimal sac nasal drainage stent was implanted. The nasal lacrimal drainage stent was pulled out 2~3mo later after surgery and the patients received 3~6mo follow-up afterwards. RESULTS: ln 79 eyes, stents were successfully implanted in 77 eyes (97. 5%). All stents of 77 eyes could be pulled out successfully 2 ~ 3mo after the operation. Sixty eyes were cured with unobstructed lacrimal irrigation and symptom of epiphora disappeared;15 eyes were improved of epiphora and mild reflux during lacrimal irrigation were found, overall effective rate was 97. 4%, 2 eyes failed in stent implantation. ln 6mo follow-up, nocomplications such as stent displacement or slip was occurred, the epithelization of anastomotic stoma was good.CONCLUSlON: Surgical technique of using the multi-function nasolacrimal stent is simple and fast, and implantation of the new designed stents has a rapid recovery with fewer complications. The usage of the new stents not only improves the success rate but also broadens surgical indications of EES-DCR, it is a safe and effective method for the treatment of nasolacrimal duct obstruction.

Objective To study the antigenicity of human thyrotropin receptor(hTSHR)amino terminus (amino acid 29～280)and its association with Graves' disease.Methods Total thyroid RNA was prepared from human normal thyroid tissue.RNA was then reversely transcripted and cDNA was subjected to PCR amplification.PCR product was cloned into pcDNA3.1 and the recombinant plasmid was named pcDNA3.1/hTSHR188～940bp. Balb/c mice were immunized with peDNA3.1/hTSHR188～940bp. The levels of serum thyroxin,anti-TSHR antibody(TRAb)and thyroid stimulating antibody(TSAb)were measured,and the pathological changes of thyroid tissue were also observed.Results A 753 bp fragment encoding hTSHR ectodomain amino end was obtained after PCR amplification.Confirmed by Hind Ⅲ restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing,pcDNA3.1/hTSHR188～940bphad been constructed successfully,with the correct sequence and direction of hTSHR188～940bp.In the Balb/c mice treated with pcDNA3.1/hTSHR188～940bp,elevated TRAb in week 6(0.148±0.018)were observed compared with those at week o(0.106±0.006,P＜0.01),and kept a higher level till week 10(0.134±0.011,P＜0.01).T4 and TSAb index values were significantly increased in week 10.Serum T4 concentration increased from(41.02±7.97)μg/L in week 0 to(62.20±12.77)μg/L in week 10(P＜0.01);TSAb index values rose from 0.864±0.076 at week 0 to 1.392±0.615(P＜0.01).Thyroid pathological examination showed that proliferated thyroid follicular epithelial cells and foll icular eapacity increased.Inflammatory cells were occasionally found.Conclusions There are antigen epitopes in hTSHR ectodomain amino acid 29～280,which can stimulate the production of TSAb.And the latter induces hyperthyroidism and Graves' disease like manifestations.It suggests that hTSHR ectodomain amino acid 29～280 is closely associated with Graves' disease,and maybe one of important etiological factors leading to the disease.