Adult ; Biopsy ; Donor Selection ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Transplantation ; adverse effects ; pathology ; Living Donors ; Postoperative Complications

Bile Duct Diseases ; etiology ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Graft Rejection ; etiology ; pathology ; Hepatic Artery ; pathology ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Thrombosis ; etiology ; pathology

Purpose: To enhance one's ability to diagnose intracranial microcystic meningioma. Methods: Fifteen cases of intracranial microcystic meningioma have been studied either clinicopathologically, or ultrastructurally or immunohistochemically. Results: The results indicate that electron microscopy and immunohistochemically are very helpful for the diagnosis of the tumor. There was no predilection as to location, however the tumor was more common on the base of skull. Vacuole-like structure and/or vesicular dilatation could be seen in the cytoplasm and capillaries could be observed in between the spindle cells by light microscopy. Under electron microscopy, the processes separated from each other and formed into a cystic structure, and bundles of collagenous fiber could be found in it. In immunohistochemistry, the stains with vimentin and epithelium membrane antigen (EMA) were positive. Conclusions: Intracranial microcystic meningioma has some characteristics under the microscope, immunohistochemistry is helpful in its diagnosis, and election microscopy can confirm this diagnosis.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Computer Systems ; Humans ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods

Objective To evaluate the protective effects of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) on the kidneys of diabetic rats and elucidate the associated mechanisms. Methods Wistar rats were divided into three groups: normal control rats, diabetic rats, and diabetic rats received and blood glucose were measured, and kidney pathology was observed. Inmmunohistochemistry and RT-PCR were used to analyze the expression of matrix metaUoproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and transforming growth factor 151 (TGF-β1). Results As compared with normal control rats, the 24 h urinary albumin excretion [(26.80±0.82) mg vs (6.64±1.42) mg], blood glucose[(22.18±3.36)mmol/L vs (6.40±0.87) mmol/L], Ccr [(0.220±0.380) ml/min vs (0.098±0.015) ml/min] of the diabetic rats were rised remarkbably. The 24 h urinary albumin excretion [(16.17±1.15) mg] and Ccr [(0.207±0.377) ml/min] of the diabetic rats received MMF were lower as compared to diabetic rats (P<0.05). MMP-9 in renal tissue of normal control rats was mainly expressed in glomerular mesangial ceils and renal tubular epithelial cells. Such MMP-9 expression was weak in diabetic rats and improved in the diabetic rats received MMF. There were significant differences among 3 groups. The expression of TGF-β1 was on the contrary. Conclusion Mycophenolate mofetil decreases 24 h urinary albumin, Cer and glomerular volume, which may be associated with the increase of MMP-9, the decrease of TGF-β1 expression and extracellular matrix deposition in renal tlssue.

?AIM: To evaluate the effects on recovering of corneal wound and postoperative discomfort of different methods for primary pterygium.?METHODS: Forty-seven cases ( 60 eyes ) of primary pterygium were excised under microscope with limbal epithelial transplantation, with sharp dissection ( 24 cases, 30 eyes, Group A) and blunt dissection (23 cases, 30 eyes, Group B).All cases were followed up for 1d to 1mo.?RESULTS: The recovering of corneal wound was better in Group B on 1st day and 3rd day after surgery.Pain, photophobia and tears, foreign body sensation were more serious in group A on 1st day after surgery with a statistically significant difference (P=0.005,0.015,0.012). Pain, photophobia and tears, foreign body sensation were more serious in Group A on 3rd day after surgery with a statistically significant difference ( P=0.019,0.018, 0.015).There was no statistically significant difference on 1wk and 1mo after surgery (P>0.05).? CONCLUSION: Compared with sharp dissection, primary pterygium excised with blunt dissection can significantly improve recovering of corneal wound and postoperative discomfort.

AIM: To explore the relationship between the expression of caspase-2 and caspase-3 and the apoptosis in retinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of rats, as well as the therapeutic effects of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)on the ischemic and reperfused retina.METHODS: This experiment was conducted at the laboratory of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College from February 2007 to July 2007. The models of retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury were made by transiently elevating intraocular pressure. A total of 28 rats were divided into Normal and Operative Groups. Operative group was divided into six subgroups. In each subgroup there were four rats. The left eyes of rats were used for I/R and the right eyes were used for intravitreal injection of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as treatment group. After reperfusion we divided our subgroups according to the reperfusion time as 1, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 hours. The retinal ganglion cell number was counted by using optic microscope(BX-51,Olympus). Apoptosis was assessed by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labelling (TUNEL) method, and the expression of caspase-2,caspase-3 was studied by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and strept avidin-biotin complex (SABC)immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: No positive apoptotic cells were observed in the normal rats' retinae, but there were a significant number of positive apoptosis cells in 6-24 hours after transient ischemia followed by a decrease at 48 hours. The number of apoptotic cells reached a maximum at 24 hours after ischemia .The expression of caspase-2 gradually increased as early as at 6 hours, reached a peak at 24 hours, then decreased between 48 and 72 hours. Similarly, caspase-3 has the same rule with caspsae-2 in the time courses of expression in retinal tissues.BDNF administered before reperfusion inhibited the expression of apoptosis and ameliorated the retinal tissue damage. It also decreased caspase-2 and caspase-3 expression in ischemic/reperfused retina.CONCLUSION: Retinal ischemia-reperfusion can induce apoptosis of cells in the retina. BDNF rescues retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) from retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury through down-regulation of cell apoptosis and caspase-2 and caspase-3 expression. BDNF have a neuroprotective effect on retina.

Animal Feed ; Animals ; Cysteamine ; Female ; Goats ; Mammary Glands, Animal ; growth & development ; physiology

Objective To explore the possible effect of combined treatment of zoledronic acid and doxorubicin on proliferation,invasion and adhesion of SGC7901 cell line,and potential underlying mechanisms. Methods MTT and Transwell experiments were used respectively to investigate the effect of different concentrations of zoledronic acid and doxorubicin on the proliferation,adhesion and invasion of SGC7901. The mRNA levels of MMP2, TIMP2, MMP9, ICAM1 and CD44 were quantified by real time PCR. Results Gastric cell line SGC-7901 were incubated with zoledronic acid for 48 h in different concentration of 10-6,10-5,10-4,10-3 mol/L,their inhibition rates were 4.98％,12.19％,27.34％ and 73.13％ separately,which were higher than control group (P＜0.01),and enhanced along with the dose increasing and the time extension (P＜0.05).Gastric cell line SGC-7901 was incubated with zoledronic acid 10-4 mol /L and doxorubicin 0.5 mg/L,respectively,or in combination for 2 h,4 h,6 h,and thereafter,the detected adhesion rates were 5.03％,24.38％ and 59.65％ in control group,4.40％,19.77％ and 51.22％ in zoledronic acid group,4.28％, 18.62％ and 51.02％ in doxorubicin group,4.02 ％,15.02％ and 46.95％ in combination group. The adhesion rates were reduced after incubation with different medicament concentration (P＜0.05).In the study of cell invasion,the cell numbers per high power field were:105.11 ± 10.43,98.37 ± 15.75,96.19 ± 9.24,83.02 ± 19.72 after treatment with zoledronic acid,doxorubicin or their combination at different concentrations. Compared with control, signal medicament had weak effectiveness in invasiveness in SGC-7901 (P＞ 0.05),whereas in combination group it was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).Both zoledronic acid and doxorubicin decreased the mRNA expressions of CD44,MMP2,MMP9,ICAM1 while increased TIMP2 mRNA level (P＜0.05or P＜0.01) versus control.The effect was more evident with combination treatment(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),compared with doxorubicin group. Conclusions Both zoledronic acid and doxorubicin can inhibit the proliferation,adhesion and invasion of SGC7901. Combination treatment has additive effect.It may be related to the down-regulation of mRNA of ICAM1,MMP2,MMP9,CD44 and up-regulation of mRNA of TIMP2.