The traditional Chinese medicinal therapy of the eye acupuncture is one of superior microacupuncture therapies which was invented by famous acupuncture professor Peng Jing-shan. Through needling points around the eye, the treatment can treat the diseases of whole body, especially for curing apoplectic paralysis. This article expounded and analyzed the mechanism of eye acupuncture in treating apoplectic paralysis through medical theory, biological holographic theory, modern nerves anatomy and nerves physiology.

OBJECTIVE:To provide a simple and reliable method to estimate confidence intervals of incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for pharmacoeconomics evaluation in China. METHODS:Through retrieving relevant foreign literature,the idea and mathematical properties of non-parametric Bootstrap method were described and the method for calculating confidence intervals were explained by giving an example. RESULTS&CONCLUSION:Non-parametric Bootstrap method is simple and reliable for the calculation of confidence intervals of pharmacoeconomics. When the distribution of samples is skewed significantly or the sample size is not plenty enough,we still need to be cautious to adopt non-parametric Bootstrap method.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Child ; Female ; Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

To examine the actual clinical diagnosis capability,the import of computer-based case simulations ( CCS ) technology in medical education is very important.The CCS examination system that integrated the ASP.NET and CCS technology can simulate doctor's clinical course more realistically and realize the students' practical skills evaluation.The system has a good prospect in medical education and clinical skills training.

Objective To investigate the effect of sodium fluoride(NaF) on proliferation, differentiation and the mRNA expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor κβ ligand (RAN KL) of mouse osteoblasts. Methods Osteoblasts were isolated from calvarias of Kunming mice born in 1 - 2 d and cultured. Various concentrations of NaF(0, 10-8, 10-7, 10-6, 10-5, 10-4, 10-3mol/L) were added to the culture medium, the proliferation and activity of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) was determined after 72 h or 120 h. The expression of OPG mRNA and RANKL mRNA was analyzed by semi-quantification RT-PCR. Difference among groups was analyzed by One-Way AN0VA. Difference between two groups was analyzed by LSD-t test. Results There was significant difference in cell proliferation among groups after 72 h(F = 13.806, P < 0.05). Compared with control group(0.434 ± 0.010) , the proliferation was significantly induced in 10-7 - 10-4 mol/L groups treated osteoblasts (0.448 ± 0.010, 0.453 ± 0.013, 0.454 ± 0.016, 0.449 ± 0.018, all P< 0.05), and was significantly suppressed in 10-3 mol/L group(0.401 ± 0.009, P < 0.05). There was statistic difference in the activity of ALP among groups(F = 9.021, P < 0.05). Compared with control group (1.677 ± 0.682), the activity of ALP significantly increased in 10-7 - 10-5 mol/L groups[ (2.447 ± 0.756) × 106, (2603 ± 0.183) × 106, (2.687 ± 0.886) × 106 U/L, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01 ] and significantly decreased in 10-4 mol/L group[ (1.479 ± 0.366) × 106 U/L, P < 0.05 ]. There was significant difference in the expression of OPG mRNA among groups(F = 11.299, P< 0.05). Compared with control group (1.000 ± 0.000), the expression of OPG mRNA was significantly increased in 10-7 - 10-4 mol/L groups( 1.058 ± 0.027, 1.053 ± 0.026, 1.088 ± 0.055, 1.069 ± 0.008, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) , while significantly decreased in 10-3 mol/L group (0.941 ± 0.029, P< 0.05). There was no difference in RANKL mRNA expression among groups (F= 1.311, P> 0.05). The ratio of RANKL/OPG decreased with increasing doses of fluoride and increased in 10-4, 10-3 mol/L groups, but there was no difference between groups(F = 1.376, P> 0.05). Conclusions A biphasic pattern of proliferation and differentiation has been induced in mouse osteoblasts, which manifests stimulation effect in low doses and suppression in higher doses. Low doses of sodium fluoride suppress differentiation and maturation of osteoblasts by increasing expression of OPG mRNA, while high doses of sodium fluoride enhance differentiation and maturation of osteoblasts by decreasing expression of OPG mRNA.

Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are conservative molecules associated with groups of pathogens or their products. These molecules are recognized by relevant receptors. PAMPs induce the expression of inflammatory cytokines through the signal cascade. The role of PAMPs in the initiation and development of periodontitis is recently attracting attention. PAMPs induce the expression of inflammatory mediators after they are recognized in the periodontium. This process damages the periodontal soft tissue and osseous tissue, thus resulting in periodontitis. The results of this study will provide an excellent resolution for the treatment of periodontitis by blocking the pathogenic pathway of PAMPs.
Cytokines ; Humans ; Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules ; Periodontitis ; Periodontium

Mobile reading has greatly impacted the use of printed Chinese books in academic libraries.It is the most important task to introduce the users-needed books in order to improve their utilization.Acquisition of Chinese books should be arranged closely around the need of users by studying the reading features of users under mobile reading environment and establishing the open channels for book recommendation and feedback information in order to improve its quality .

Objective To evaluate the application value of the one-stepdiabetes education management system in clinic. Methods The “one-step” diabetes education management system was construct.80 newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group with 40 patients in each group.The patients in the experimental group received “one-step”diabetes education management system by diabetes specialist nurses,while patients in the con-trol group received routine diabetic education.The fasting blood glucose (FBG),HbAlc,medical compliance behaviors and other indices were compared between two groups. Results FBG,HbAlc and medical compliance were better,and the risk score of complications was higher in the experimental group than those of the control group,there were significant differences between them. Conclusions Application of “one-step”diabetes education management system in treatment and nursing of patients shows maneuverability and practicality.It has clinical application value and deserves to be spread.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and mechanism of Danlou Tablet against atherosclerosis model of ApoE-/- mice fed with high fat diet. Methods: C57BL/6J mice were used as controls and ApoE-/- mice were randomly divided into two groups after 24 weeks of high fat feeding, including the model group received saline and the treatment group received Danlou Tablet. Animals were executed after 8 weeks of treatment and serum was collected to measure blood lipids; Plaque formation in the aorta was observed by red O and HE staining; 16 S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze changes in intestinal flora, and GC-MS test for detection fecal SCFAs content, ELISA for the determination of serum LPS, and real time PCR for detection of mRNA expression. Results: Compared with the control group, the blood lipid levels were increased; intestinal flora was imbalance with increased harmful bacteria and reduced beneficial bacteria; The level of serum LPS and inflammation around the aorta were increased in the model group. Compared with the model group, the contents of TG, TC, LDL-C and the plaque area of Danlou Tablet group were decreased (P < 0.01); Danlou Tablet group can regulate intestinal flora, thus effectively reducing serum LPS and inflammatory factors TNF-α, ICAM-1 and IL-1β levels around the aorta (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Danlou Tablet exerts an anti-atherosclerosis action with favorable efficacy through restructing the intestinal flora stucture, inhibiting endotoxin releasing and constraining the inflammatory response induced by dysbacteriosis.

Nasal spray can treat local diseases such as rhinitis, it also plays an important role in the treatment of systemic diseases including vaccine immunity. As a drug-device combination product, spray pattern is often used as the quality indicator of nasal spray to ensure its quality, plume geometry can not only be combined with the spray pattern to evaluate the performance of the nasal spray, but also can predict the deposition of the nasal spray in the nasal cavity. This article systematically reviews the definition and measurement methods of the spray pattern and plume geometry of nasal spray and their correlation with nasal deposition behavior. The measurement parameters of spray pattern and plume geometry are defined. The influence of formulation, device and trigger parameters on spray pattern and plume geometry is clarified. The correlation between various parameters and nasal deposition is analyzed. The measurement parameters are classified according to the size and shape of the spray. Plume angle is closely related to the deposition of drugs in the nasal cavity. Jet-like plume with a smaller plume angle can increase the navigation ability of the nasal spray in the curved anatomical structure of the nasal cavity, which is conducive to increase drug deposition. This makes it possible to increase deposition of the nasal spray in the nasal cavity via appropriately increasing viscosity and thixotropy of the nasal spray formulation. This review provides the theoretical basis for the high quality nasal spray product development.