AIM:To evaluate the poor vision condition and analyze the myopia etiological factor in primary school He'xi district of Sanya.
METHODS: A cohort of 1 218 subjects were recruited randomly from grade 1~6 of two primary schools. Visual activity test, dioptroscopy and risk factor questionnaire were evaluated.
RESULTS: The prevalence of poor vision was 29. 55%. The incidence of myopia increased with grade, and was significantly higher in girls than that in boys. The outdoor activity time of myopic pupil ( 7. 25 ± 5. 35h/wk ) was significantly lower than emmetropic pupil (11. 86±6. 65h/wk) ( P < 0. 05 ). The usage of electronic product ( TV, computater and cell phone) time of myopic pupil (13. 36±8. 35h/wk) was significantly higher than emmetropic pupil (7. 75±5. 83h/wk) (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: The increase of myopia incidence is closely related with sparing outdoor activity and excess usage of electronic product.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Fructose ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Tourette Syndrome ; drug therapy

Objective To observe the effects of the compatibility of Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae Sinensis in different proportion on hemodynamic and balance of Th1/Th2 cells of Qi deficiency and blood stasis rat model. Methods Qi deficiency and blood stasis rats were caused by restricted diet, forced swimming and norepinephrine subcutaneous injecting, and treated by compatibility of Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae Sinensis in different proportion of 5∶1, 3∶1, 1∶1 and 1∶2 for 21 days. The indexes of hemorheology were detected with hemorheological analyser, and the level of IFN-γand IL-4 in serum were tested by ELISA. Results Compared with model group, the compatibility of Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae Sinensis in proportion of 1∶1, 3∶1 and 5∶1 groups reduced the low shear blood viscosity. The spleen index of model group decreased, and compatibility of Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae Sinensis in 5∶1 proportion group increased spleen index. The level of IL-4 increased and IFN-γ decreased in the serum of model group, the compatibility of Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae Sinensis in proportion of 3∶1 group increased the level of IFN-γ. Astragalus angelica 5∶1 group decreased the level of IL-4 and increased the level of IFN-γ. Conclusion The compatibility of Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae Sinensis can improve hemorheology, adjust the balance of Th1/Th2 cells of Qi deficiency and blood stasis rats. The effects were better when Radix Astragali’s dosage greater than that of Radix Angelicae Sinensis, and the group of 5∶1 proportion was the best.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological significance of periostin and MMP-2 in colorectal carcinoma.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of periostin and MMP-2 in colorectal carcinoma,tubular adenoma,villous adenoma and normal colorectal tissue.The correlations between the expression of periostin and MMP-2 with clinicopathologic parameters were analyzed.Results In colorectal carcinoma,tubular adenoma,villous adenoma and normal colorectal tissue,the positive rates of periostin were 83.7 ％ (41/49),40.0 ％ (6/15),32.1％ (9/28),0 (0/15),respectively,while the positive rates of MMP-2 were 71.4 ％ (35/49),60.0 ％ (9/15),64.3 ％ (18/28),0(0/15),respectively.There were significant differences among the groups (x2 =41.252,P =0.000; x2 =24.811,P =0.000).The expression of periostin in colorectal carcinoma tissue were not correlated with sex (x2 =0.002,P =0.961),age (x2 =2.267,P =0.132),tumor sites (x2 =1.506,P =0.220),differentiation status (x2 =0.875,P =0.350) and lymphatic metastasis (x2 =3.315,P =0.069).The expression of MMP-2 in colorectal carcinoma were correlated with lymphatic metastasis (x2 =5.800,P =0.016),whereas not correlated with sex (x2 =0.562,P =0.453),age (x2 =0.138,P =0.711),tumor sites (x2 =0.408,P =0.532),differentiation degree (x2 =1.335,P =0.248).The expression of periostin and MMP-2 were positively correlated in colorectal carcinoma (r =0.332,P =0.020).Conclusion Periostin and MMP-2 are correlated closely with the development and progression of colorectal carcinoma.It might be helpful for evaluating the biological properties and prognosis of colorectal carcinoma,and it would be more accurate to use a combined analysis of the two indicators.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare outcomes effects of Chinese recognition materials in post-lingually deafened patients with cochlear implant. METHOD: Thirty-two post-lingually deafened cochlear implant users participated in the study. Each one of them was given a series of speech recognition tests including the speech recognition score of monosyllable words, spondee words, Chinese BKB sentences and MHINT in quiet, as well as speech recognition threshold of HOPE corpus in babble noise. Speech recognition scores and thresholds were compared among these test materials using histograms , scatter diagrams and statistical methods. RESULT: Recognition scores for spondee words, Chinese BKB sentences and MHINT were affected by ceiling effects, with 1,14 and 4 cases scored 100% respectivelty. Meanwhile, 17, 26 and 14 cases scored more than 85% correspondingly. On the other hand, speech recognition scores for monosyllable words in quiet and speech recognition threshold for HOPE corpus in babble noise were not affected. CONCLUSION For a considerable part of post-lingually deafened patients using cochlear implant, some Chinese speech recognition materials have demonstrated different degrees of ceiling effects. While speech recognition scores for monosyllable words in quiet and recognition threshold for HOPE corpus in noise can evaluate the performance of speech recognition abilitymore objectively.
Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Humans ; Language ; Noise ; Speech Perception ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To explore the liver toxicities of the VDLD scheme in children with malignant tumor.Methods In a prospective trial,the levels of serum total protein,albumin, globulin,rate of albumin/globuin alanine aminotransferase,aspartate transaminase,gamma glutamyltranspeptidase,total bile acid and alkaline phosphatase were tested in children with malignant tumour before and after VDLD scheme,and compared with each other.Results The concentration of the serum total bile acid was significantly increased after VDLD scheme than before(P

Objective:To investigate the effect of the expression levels of CXCL12 and CXCR4 of carbon dioxide (CO2) pneu-moperitoneum on nude mice xenografts from human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells in the same pressure at different times. Methods:A total of 40 animal models of human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cell-bearing nude mice xenografts were established. The animals were ran-domly divided into four groups (n=10), namely, the simple anesthesia group, 0.5 h laparotomy group, and 0.5 and 1 h CO2 pneumoperi-toneum groups. After the aforementioned treatments in the groups, the expression levels of CXCL12 and CXCR4 mRNAs of tumor tis-sues were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), whereas those of the CXCL12 and CXCR4 proteins were detected by Western blot. Results:The 40 animal models of human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cell-bearing nude mice were success-fully established. After the treatment, RT-PCR results reveal that the CXCL12 mRNA expression was significantly higher in the 1 h CO2 pneumoperitoneum group than that in the other three groups. However, no differences were observed in the CXCR4 mRNA expression of each group. Western blot analysis also obtained the same results. Conclusion:The expression level of CXCL12 in SKOV3 cells of the 1 h CO2 pneumoperitoneum group increased, which possibly promoted the growth of peritoneal tumors, and had a slight effect on tu-mor metastasis.

The paper reported an investigation of the pharmacokinetics of SN-38 (7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin) in rats and the tissue distribution in mice after injection of irinotecan hydrochloride nanoparticles (CPT-11) via tail veins. An LC-MS/MS method was established to determine the concentrations of SN-38 in whole blood of rats and in different tissues of mice. The pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of SN-38 were compared after the intravenous injection of CPT-11 NPs and CPT-11 solution. Compared with irinotecan solution, the elimination half-life of SN-38 was prolonged from 2.17 h to 2.67 h after the intravenous injection of CPT-11 NPs, but its AUC had little change. After the injection of CPT-11 NPs in mice, over time, the concentrations of CPT-11-metabolized SN-38 in CPT-11 NPs were significantly higher in the whole blood, colon and lungs than those in CPT-11 solution, followed by in the spleen and liver, but those in the heart and brain had no change. However, the amount of SN-38 in the kidneys was reduced with time. CPT-11 NPs could prolong SN-38's (one of its metabolites) blood circulation time in rats and significantly increased the concentration of CPT-11-metabolized SN-38 in the whole blood, colon and lungs of mice. CPT-11 NPs made SN-38 efficiently target-bind to the colon and lungs of mice.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacokinetics ; Camptothecin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacokinetics ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Colon ; metabolism ; Half-Life ; Injections, Intravenous ; Lung ; metabolism ; Mice ; Nanoparticles ; administration & dosage ; Rats ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Tissue Distribution

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the development of early vocabulary capability in the prelingual deaf children after cochlear implantation (CI) , and to study the feasibility of current Chinese assessment procedures about language development for hearing-impaired children. METHOD: A total of 56 cases with severe-to-profound prelingual deaf children were participated in this study. The vocabulary development of CI children were evaluated by trained audiologists using the vocabulary assessment tools: Chinese communicative development inventory (CCDI) and mandarin expressive and receptive vocabulary test (MERVT). The questionnaire assessed by parents or guardians answered the questionnaire; vocabulary tests were evaluated by children accompanied with audiologists. Patients were assessed before operation and in 2 years after switch-on. RESULT: With the rehabilitation, early post-operative vocabulary development gradually improved. The vocabulary increased with an increase in the duration of CI use, and the receptive vocabulary developed earlier than the expressive ones. CONCLUSION After 2 years of CI use, the child partly developed the vocabulary capability. Children's vocabulary test, CCDI and MERVT test, is an important index to evaluate the development of children's language ability after cochlear implantation. Vocabulary test, together with auditory and speech perception assessment procedures, constitute a more complete auditory-speech-language evaluation system for Chinese children after cochlear implants.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Child ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Deafness ; therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Language ; Language Development ; Language Tests ; Speech ; Vocabulary

Objective: To investigate the effects of tea polysaccharide (TP) on blood glucose and diabetic symptoms in mice. Methods: Alloxan-induced diabetic mice were divided into 4 groups, and administered orally with saline, TP at doses of 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 g/kg body weight, respectively for 4 weeks. Water intake and body weight were recorded daily and weekly respectively.Fasting blood samples were collected for measurement of glucose at the end of 2nd and 4th week.Results: Symptoms of diabetic mice fed TP were improved obviously. Their blood glucose concentration and water intake decreased significantly. On the other hand, their body weight increased obviously. There was positive correlation between blood glucose and water intake, but negative correlation between water intake and body weight. Conclusion: TP can decrease blood glucose concentration and improve diabetic symptoms in mice.