Objective To investigate the dissolution rates of glibenclamide and metformin in compound metformin hydrochloride. Methods The concentrations of the glibenclamide and metformin were determined by HPLC method. The rotating basket method was used to measure and compare the dissolution rates of glibenclamide and metformin between the compound metformin hydrochloride and conventional tablets. Results The dissolution rates of glibenclamide and metformin with different preparation came up to the standard of CHP (2005), but the dissolution parameters were different. Conclusion The dissolution rate of glibenclamide indicated significant difference between the compound metformin hydrochloride and the conventional tablets, and no significant difference for metformin.

Elderly agrypnia patients were given with different doses of melatonin. Patients′ falling a sleep time, coming into effect time, sleep lasting time and adverse effect of melatonin were observed to study the effect and safety of melatonin on elderly agrypnia patients. The results showed melatonin could effectively improve the agrypnia suffered by elderly patients. Patients′ falling a sleep time was shortened and sleep lasting time prolonged after taking melatonin. The effect of melatonin increased along with increase of its dose.There were no adverse effects observed. Our study indicates that melatonin has a good safety profile and significant effects on agrypnia suffered by elderly patients.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of autologous epidermal grafting combined with narrow?band ultraviolet B(NB?UVB)radiation for the treatment of vitiligo, and to explore their possible action mechanisms. Methods Totally, 30 patients with vitiligo were randomly and equally divided into 2 groups:epidermal grafting group treated with autologous epidermal grafting alone, and combination group treated with both autologous epidermal grafting and NB?UVB radiation. Fifteen healthy volunteers served as the healthy control group. Enzyme?linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was performed to detect the levels of interleukin?18(IL?18), tumor necrosis factor?α(TNF?α)and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule?1 (sICAM?1) in interstitial fluid from the patients before and after the treatment, as well as from the healthy controls. Therapeutic effects were evaluated after 3?month treatment. Results Before the treatment, the epidermal grafting group and combination group both showed significantly increased levels of IL?18(0.985 ± 0.305μg/L, 1.008 ± 0.399μg/L, respectively), TNF?α(1.132 ± 0.313μg/L, 1.147 ± 0.474μg/L, respectively)and sICAM?1(1.215 ± 0.284μg/L, 1.221 ± 0.432μg/L, respectively)in interstitial fluid compared with the healthy control group(all P<0.01). The levels of the three cytokines in the combination group almost all returned to normal after the 3?month treatment. In addition, the combination group showed a significantly higher response rate compared with the epidermal grafting group(68.9%vs. 43.8%, P<0.05). Conclusion Immune abnormalities exist in local lesions of patients with vitiligo, and NB?UVB radiation can increase the success rate of epidermal grafting likely by regulating the body′s immune function.

Objective To confirm that if the integrality of NF has effect on the shape and distribution of NLY. Methods using SABC monocolon antibody immunohistochemistry,electron microscopy,immunocytochemistry, and enzymocytochemistry to observe the disorder of NF-H and the changes of distribution and shape of NLY after vanadate treated. Results When the integrality of NF was damaged, the proteins of NF gathered towards nuclear accompany with the similar movements of NLY, meanwhile the shape of NLY also changed into round from thread-like shape.Conclusion Through different ways we used, vanadate can over-phosphate NF proteins and destroy the assemble ability. Whether NF has a complete structure is important to the shape and distribution of NLY, which will be changed when the structure of NF is disorganized.

Poly (β-amino ester)s (PβAEs) contain tertiary amine backbones and biodegradable ester bonds, making them highly biocompatible and pH-responsive. Meanwhile, originated from combinatorial libraries, PβAEs are simple to synthesize, easy to obtain raw materials and can be easily adapted to meet the different performance needs of gene carriers by adjusting the monomer type, monomer ratio and reaction time. Therefore, PβAEs are promising material for non-viral gene carriers. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the properties and synthesis of PβAEs gene carriers and summarizes the progress of research on the gene delivery of each type of PβAEs.

Objective To evaluate the value of stereotactic core needle biopsy and needle localization biopsy in diagnosis and treatment in the early breast carcinoma .Methods Forty cases with breast micro-lesions detected by radiography underwent stereotactic mammography needle localization biopsy or stereotactic core needle biopsy .Results The biopsies were successful in 27 cases(96.4%),and 1 case of breast cancer was missed diagnosed by stereotactic core needle biopsy.Conclusion Stereotactic mammography needle localization and stereotactic core needle biopsy play important roles in diagnosis and treatment of early breast cancer.

Objective To detect the expression levels of serum alpha fetal protein (AFP),carbohydrate antigen 199(CA-199) and carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) in a rat model of liver cancer and elderly liver cancer patients,and explore its clinical significance.Methods A rat model of liver cancer was successfully established by intraperitoneal injection of a low dose of diethylnitrosamine (DEN).The expression levels of serum AFP,CA-199 and CEA in rats were determined and compared during the development of liver cancer.Blood samples were collected from elderly subjects with normal liver and elderly liver cancer patients(n=80,each).The expressions of serum AFP,CA-199 and CEA were determined and compared between healthy elderly patients and elderly liver cancer patients.Results Serum levels of AFP,CA-199 and CEA were higher in liver cancer rats than in normal rats [(4.21±1.32) μg/Lvs.(1.05±0.33) μg/L,(3.78±1.04) kU/L vs.(1.00±0.28) kU/L,(3.54±0.92) μg/Lvs.(1.10±0.37) μg/L,t=9.493,8.609,7.675,respectively,all P=0.000].Serum AFP,CA-199 and CEA levels were higher in elderly patients with liver cancer than in elderly subjects with normal liver [(66.89±9.33) μg/L vs.(2.56±1.09) μg/L,(116.89±43.33) kU/L vs.(5.56±1.26) kU/L,(5.83 ± 1.56) μg/L vs.(1.17 ± 0.51) μg/L(t=14.379,17.470,10.677,respectively,all P=0.000).The positive rate of joint detection of AFP,CA-199 and CEA was higher in elderly patients with liver cancer than in elderly subjects with normal liver [77.50％ (62/80) vs.1.25％(1/80),x2 =17.260,P=0.000].Conclusions The joint detection of AFP,CA-199 and CEA can help increase the diagnostic rate of liver cancer in elderly patients.

Objective To investigate the causes and mechanism of preterm birth through analysis of the relationship between histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) in placental tissue and preterm birth.Methods Totally,327 preterm birth cases with report of placental pathologic examination were retrospectively collected from those women who delivered from December 1,2009 to December 1,2012 in Peking University First Hospital.According to the etiology of preterm birth,three groups were assigned:iatrogenic group (n=106),spontaneous contraction group (n=56) and premature rupture of membranes (PROM) group (n=165).According to the gestational age at delivery,three subgroups were further divided:early-preterm group (≥ 28-＜ 32 weeks),mid-preterm group(≥ 32-＜ 34 weeks) and late-preterm group (≥ 34-＜ 37 weeks).HCA was confirmed when ≥ 5 neutrophil infiltration identified on the chorionic plate and amniotic membrane under high power light microscope after HE staining.The relationship between HCA and the different types of preterm birth and the different delivery gestational age were analyzed.Besides,the consistency between clinical chorioamnionitis and HCA was also analyzed.Chi-square test was applied for statistics.Results The incidence of HCA in the spontaneous contraction group was significantly higher than in the iatrogenic group and PROM group [66.1％ (37/56) vs 25.5％ (27/106) and 33.3％ (55/165),x2=25.27 and 18.44,both P ＜ 0.01],but no significant difference was found between the latter two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Among the three subgroups,the early-,midand late-preterm subgroup,the incidence of HCA in the iatrogenic group was 24.0％ (6/25),33.3％ (8/24) and 22.8％ (13/57) (P ＞ 0.05),and 13/17,5/7 and 59.4％ (19/32) in the spontaneous contraction group (P ＞ 0.05).However,significantly higher incidence of HCA was shown in the early-preterm subgroup than in the mid-and late-preterm subgroup [70.0％ (20/29) vs 41.2％ (14/34) and 20.6％ (21/102),X2=4.87 and 24.58,both P ＜ 0.05] in the PROM group.Among the subjects in PROM group,those with the latency ≥ 72 h after the rupture of membranes had a higher incidence of HCA than those with the latency less than 72 h [68.6％ (24/35) vs 23.8％ (31/130),x2=24.82,P ＜ 0.01].For all 327 cases in this study,the incidence of clinical chorioamnionitis was 15.9％ (52/327),among which 31 cases [59.6％ (31/52)] were diagnosed as HCA.Conclusions The occurrence of HCA is closely associated with spontaneous contraction preterm.Some iatrogenic preterm birth might cause HCA.The earlier the preterm birth and the longer the latency after PROM,the higher the incidence of HCA.Differential diagnosis is necessary as the inconsistency between clinical chorioamnionitis and HCA.

Intracranial artery stenosis is one of the main causes inducing transient ischemic attack (TIA) or cerebral ischemic stroke. Being a minimally-invasive and reliably-effective technique, intracranial artery stent angioplasty has brought about a new approach for the treatment of intracranial artery stenosis , and thus provides more opportunities to the patients who are not suitable for intracranial vascular bypass surgery. However, the higher occurrence of perioperative complications caused by stent angioplasty should be seriously taken into consideration by clinical physicians. In order to reduce the occurrence of complications , in this paper the perioperative complications of stent angioplasty for intracranial artery stenosis are analyzed , and the therapeutic strategies as well as the proper approaches are discussed.

Objective:To observe the effect of exogenous estrogen on the gene expression of genioglossus myosin heavy chain(MHC) gene expression in ovariectomized rats. Methods: 30 female Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to three groups randomly: ovariectomized group (OVX), estrogen group(E_2)and sham-operated group (SO). All the rats were sacrificed at 30 days after injection, and the genioglossus was removed for analysis. The gene expression of MHCⅡa,MHCⅡx, MHCⅡb and ?-actin was examined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR (FQ-PCR). Results: Compared to the SO group, genioglossus MHCⅡb increased significantly in OVX group (P