AIM: To evaluate the application and effect of questionnaire based on professional knowledge method combined with problem - based learning ( PBL ) in ophthalmology short-term teaching.
METHODS: Ninety non ophthalmic students of Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January to August 2015 were randomly divided into observation group (45 students) and control group (45 students). Observation group: using questionnaire based on professional knowledge method combined with PBL teaching method; the control group: using traditional teaching method.
RESULTS: The survey results showed that: non ophthalmic students were unfamiliar with eye diseases knowledge; there was no significant difference in the clinical operation examination between the 2 groups (P>0. 05 ). There were significant differences in the eye disease knowledge, eye disease knowledge related to their own major and the total score between the 2 groups (P< 0. 05), especially students in the observation group had higher scores of eye disease knowledge related to their own major. There was no significant difference in the rate of improvement of learning pressure between the 2 groups (P> 0. 05), the differences of improvement rate on other problems between 2 groups was statistically significant ( P < 0. 05 ), and the improvement rate was higher in the observation group.
CONCLUSION: Questionnaire based on professional knowledge combined with PBL teaching method can effectively improve the learning effect in ophthalmology teaching.

Under the background of the new medical reform, a large variety of traditional Chinese medicine from complicated sources, Chinese traditional medicine of actor of true and false of the quality directly affect the drug safety and clinical efficacy, but also relate to the social and economic benefits of hospital. Along with the development of the modern management of medical institutions and drug circulation circulation system reform in our country, the hospital drug inventory, supply and management work is an important topic for the pharmaceutical trading. However, there is always contradiction, dispensary need to supple pharmacy, in order to satisfy the demands of hospital patients with normal diagnosis and treatment work. However, if the drug inventory is too much, not only increases the drug monitoring problem, at the same time, but also causes storage costs rise. Therefore, completing scientific and reasonable storage and management becomes urgent problems at present. Wherefore, our country administration of traditional Chinese medicine in 2007 promulgated the "Chinese traditional medicine yinpian management norms in hospital", aims to standardize management of Chinese traditional medicine quality and improve the safety of drugs. The author through looking up information and visiting survey, to understand the currently existing problems, and summarizes the literature inland and abroad in recent years Chinese medicine drug inventory management work experience, in view of status quo of Chinese medicine inventory management in China, put forward the solution. To guarantee TCM pharmacy management more standardized, more standard, to adapt to the new reform of Chinese traditional medicine industry, improve the management level of hospital, defend the hospital's reputation and the patient's interests.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; supply & distribution ; Humans ; Inventories, Hospital ; economics ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; economics ; standards ; Quality Control ; Safety

Objective To describe the anxiety of caregivers and condition management of preschool asthma children ,and analyze the relation?ship between anxiety and disease management. Methods A total of 208 caregivers of asthma children from two hospitals in Shanghai were select?ed using convenient sampling,and surveyed by self?rating anxiety scale(SAS),condition management ability scale and condition management diffi?culty scale. Results The score of SAS were negatively correlated with the condition management ability and positively correlated with the condi?tion management difficulty. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that the model explained 26.6%amount and 35.1%amount of variation respec?tively. Conclusion The anxiety of caregiver of children with asthma may affect the disease management. Future interventions should be strength?ened on the caregivers'psychological problems,so as to improve disease management and control asthma more effectively.

In recent years,studies have shown that galactose - deficient IgA1(Gd - IgA1)antibodies are im-portant in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy(IgAN). Serum levels of Gd - IgA1 antibodies are associated with levels of proteinuria and renal histological grading. Measuring the antibodies has guidance value in the diagnosis of IgAN,for its sensitivity and specificity can be up to 88% - 89% and 89% - 92% respectively. In addition,the antibodies play an important role in clinical prognosis,and it may provide a new direction for treatment in IgAN. Now,its role in prognosis of IgAN was reviewed.

Child, Preschool ; Coronary Aneurysm ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; complications ; therapy ; Thrombosis ; complications ; therapy ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator ; therapeutic use

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effect caused by capecitabine compared with S-1 as maintenance treatment of patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Methods A total of 123 AGC patients who did not suffer disease progression after first-line chemotherapy were randomized into three groups. The capecitabine group(Cap)received maintenance chemotherapy with capecitabine(1000 mg/m2 twice daily for 14 days,21 days/cycle),and the S-1 group(S1)received S-1(40,50,or 60 mg according to the body surface area and orally administered twice a day for 14 days ,21 days/cycle). The observation group was given the support-ive treatment. Patients kept this chemotherapy regimens until disease progressed or with intolerant toxicity. Re-sults The disease control rate was 70.7%in the Cap group and 80.5%in the S1 group(P=0.304). The median time of progression was 8.3 months in the Cap group and 8.5 months in the S1 group(P = 0.448). Maintenance chemotherapy groups showed better responses in the treatment group than the observation group ,which demonstrat-ed a median progression of 6.7 months(P<0.001). The median overall survival time was 15.3 months in the Cap group and 15.7 months in the S1 group(P = 0.637). Maintenance chemotherapy groups showed better responses than the observation group ,which demonstrated a median survival of 12.8 months (P < 0.05). The main side effects included hyperpigmentation,bone marrow suppression,nausea and vomiting and hand-foot syndrome. No death occurred in relation to the therapy. Conclusion The effectiveness of capecitabine and S-1 as maintenance chemotherapy in AGC patients after the first-line chemotherapy are similar,and both can prolong the time of overall survival. And the adverse reactions can be tolerated.

This study aimed to investigate the drug susceptibility of wild-type and mutant avian influenza A (H7N9) virus neuraminidase (NA) to oseltamivir and zanamivir. Codon optimized DNA of H7N9 (A/ Hangzhou/1/2013) NA was synthesized and constructed into the pcDNA3.1/His vector (NA(H7N9-WT)). Mutant NA(H7N9-H274Y) and NA(H7N9-R292K) plasmids were constructed by directed mutagenesis PCR using NA(H7N9-WT) plasmid as the template followed by sequencing. NA plasmids were transfected into 293T cells and cell lysates containing NAs were collected 48 h post-transfection. Wild-type and mutant NAs were analyzed by Western blotting and their activities were tested by the 4-MUNANA-based assay. All three NAs were expressed and enzymatic activities were confirmed. The effects of oseltamivir and zanamivir on all three NAs were then tested. It showed that the half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) of oseltamivir carboxylate on NA(H7N9-WT), NA(H7N9-H274Y) and NA(H7N9-R292K) were 1.6 nM, 15.1 nM, and > 1 000 nM with fold changes of 9 and > 625, respectively. The IC50 values of zanamivir on NA(H7N9-WT), NA(H7N9-H274Y), and NA(H7N9-R292K) were 1.1 nM, 1.4 nM, and 38.0 nM with fold changes of 1.3 and 34, respectively. These results indicated that oseltamivir and zanamivir could significantly inhibit NA(H7N9-WT). NA(H7N9-R292K) showed high-level resistance to both drugs (34-fold and 625-fold) and NA(H7N9-H274Y) was sensitive to both (1.3-fold and 9-fold). These results indicated that both oseltamivir and zanamivir could be used for patients infected with the H7N9 virus. However, when patients carried the H7N9 virus with a NA R292K mutation, other medications would be preferred over oseltamivir or zanamivir.
Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype ; drug effects ; enzymology ; genetics ; Influenza, Human ; virology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mutation ; Neuraminidase ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Oseltamivir ; pharmacology ; Viral Proteins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Zanamivir ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prognosis-related influence factors of the residual symptoms after the canalith repositioning procedure (CRP) for the benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) in the second affiliated hospital of dalian medical university. METHOD: Among patients who were diagnosed with BPPV and treated by CRP, the one that still show residual symptoms were enrolled in our study, then make a follow-up irregularly about the tendency of their residual symptoms' self-healing,and respectively record in their gender, age and chronic diseases and so on. Single-factor analysis and multi-factors analysis was utilized to investigate the residual symptoms' related influencing factors. RESULT: In this study, 149 cases of patients were in record, for the residual symptoms, 71 patients can go to self-healing, 78 patients can not; age is 23-88, 30 cases in the young group, 46 cases in the middle aged group, 47 cases in the young elderly group, 26 cases in the elderly group; patients suffering from high blood pressure are 76 cases, 76 cases had diabetes, 47 cases had hyperlipidemia, 110 cases had heart disease, 43 cases had ischemic encephalopathy. CONCLUSION The residual symptoms in the elderly females patients and patients suffering from the hypertension, diabetes, heart disease patients and ischemic encephalopathy are not easy to heal by itself, in which, the older and the fact suffering from the hypertension and diabetes are the risk factors influencing the prognosis of the residual symptoms.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ; complications ; therapy ; Chronic Disease ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Female ; Heart Diseases ; complications ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Positioning ; Prognosis ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

Xanthine oxidase (XOD), catalyzing purine metabolism, is the key enzyme in uric acid (UA) biosynthesis, and becomes an important target for hyperuricemia treatment. The inhibition on XOD plays an important role in the treatment of hyperuricemia-related diseases, such as gout, as well as oxidative stress-induced tissue injury. Here, studies on the natural products with XOD inhibition are reviewed.

Phage display technology has been developed as a powerful tool for selecting polypeptides or proteins with desired biological and physicochemical properties from huge random peptide libraries.Fragments of foreign peptides or proteins that are expressed as fused proteins displayed on the phage surface can keep their relatively independent spatial structure and biological activity,so that they can interact with their ligands to mimic selection of specific molecular epitopes,thus providing an efficient high-throughput screening system.Phage display has been used to allow rapid identification of peptide ligands for a variety of target molecules by an in vitro selection process called "panning".Phage display techniques can be widely exploited to construct tumor-associated antibody libraries,select polypeptides tumor-associated antigen,investigate antigen epitope and design vaccines and medicine,and are used especially as a tool for the diagnosis and treatment of tumor,gene therapy and tumor cell signal transduction research.Recent applications and advanced developments of phage display in cancer research are discussed in this article for the further reference to investigators.