The fresh conidia powder of Beauveria bassiana SGBB8702 produced with diphasic technology was dried using 36-h procedures of vacuum-freeze drying (VFD) or vacuum drying (VD). The VFD and VD procedures reduced water content of the fresh conidia powder from 58.56% to 3.97% and 4.26%, resulting in preparations containing 1.29, and 1.25?10 11 conidia/g. The VFD or VD conidia had the same viability (≥98%) as the fresh ones but germinated slightly more slowly than the fresh ones. The estimates of LC 50 s for the fresh, VFD, and VD conidia against Myzus persicae on day 7 after inoculation were 1.15, 5.89, and 2.95?10 4 conidia/ml, respectively. At the concentration of 10 6 conidia/ml, the LT 50 of the fresh conidia against M. persicae was estimated as 3.6 d, corresponding to 3.9 d and 4.4 d for the VFD and VD conidia, respectively. Due to much lower cost, the VD procedure was of greater potential for drying B. bassiana conidia in mass production though the VFD procedures resulted in slightly better quality of conidia powder. The viability and virulence of the VFD conidia were assessed periodically during 12-mon storage at 4℃ and 20℃, respectively. No viable conidia stored at 20℃ were detected 255 d after storage whereas those stored at 4℃ had a viability of 90.15% and an LT 50 of 4.7 d at the end of 12-mon storage. The results showed that storage of B. bassiana conidia powder at ambient temperature was unable to maintain shelf life at commercially acceptable level even though its water content was reduced to

Objective To investigate the effect of ulinastatin (UTI) on the expression of brainderived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF ) and remyelination in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis ( EAE).Methods Twenty-four C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into UTI group (U),normal saline treated group (S) and normal control group (N,n = 8,respectively).Demyelinations in the spinal cord were observed by solochrome cyanin staining.The expression of BDNF,myelin basic protein (MBP),and 2',3 '-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP) in brain tissue of each group were evaluated by Western blot.Results Average clinical scores in group U at the 12,13,14,22,23,31,33,34 and 35 days were 0,0.25,0.38,0.63,0.63,0.40,0.40,0.40 and 0.40 respectively.They were significantly lower than group S at the same time ( U= 16.00,15.00,14.50,7.50,0.00,14.50,14.50,12.00 and 14.50,all P ＜0.05).Solochrome cyanin staining showed that demyelination of spinal cord in group U was also significantly improved than group S.Expressions of BDNF ( 1.96 ± 0.29),MBP (2.67 ± 0.48 ) and CNP ( 1.75 ± 0.20) in group U were all significantly higher than group S ( There were 0.80 ± 0.15,1.36 ± 0.38 and 1.06 ± 0.18 respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions UTI has protective effect on EAE.The possible mechanism is that it could promote remyelination,and protect oligodendrocytes and neurons in EAE model by increasing BDNF expression in brain.

Contraindications ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Promethazine ; adverse effects

Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; blood supply ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Endostatins ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; blood supply ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Microvessels ; pathology ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; pathology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors ; metabolism

Objective:The significant role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in early diagnosis and predicting prognosis has been recognized in various cancers recently.However,the prognostic value of HOXA transcript at the distal tip (HOTTIP),a vital lncRNA in tumorigenesis,remains unclear.In this study,we evaluated its prognostic value by analyzing the correlation of HOTTIP expression with overall survival (OS),lymph node metastasis (LNM) and distant metastasis (DM) in different cancer types by meta-analysis.Methods:We performed a systematic search in PUBMED,MEDLINE,Web of Science and Cochrane Library update to November of 2016.A total of 604 patients from 6 studies were included in final analysis and went through a quantitative meta-analysis by Review manager 5.3.Results:We demonstrated that high expression of HOTTIP had a significant correlation with poor OS (hazard ratio [HR] =2.37,95％ confidence interval [CI] =1.81-3.10,p＜0.001),high LNM rate (odds ratio [OR]=2.29,95％CI=1.54-3.40,p＜0.001) as well as more DM occurrence (OR=3.30,95％CI=1.78-6.12,p＜0.001).Conclusion:Our results indicated that long non-coding RNA HOTTIP may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker in cancer progression.

AIM: To investigate the angiogenesis effect and protective mechanism of cordycepin on rhesus macaque choroid- retinal endothelial ( RF/ 6A) cell line cultured in high glucose condition.
METHODS: Cultured RF/ 6A cells were divided into normal control group, high glucose group and high glucose (HG) + different concentration cordycepin groups (HG+ 10μ g/ mL group, HG+ 50μ g/ mL group, HG+ 100μ g/mL group). The cell proliferation was assessed using cholecystokinin octapeptide dye after treated for 48h. The cell migration was investigated by a Transwell assay. The tube formation was measured on Matrigel. Furthermore, the impact of cordycepin on high glucose - induced activation of VEGF and VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) was tested by Western blot analysis.
RESULTS: Compared with normal control group, cell viability markedly increased in high glucose group ( P <0. 05). Cordycepin inhibited RF/ 6A cell proliferation in a dose- dependent fashion: 10. 2 ± 0. 9%, 23. 4 ± 1. 5% and 31. 1±1. 2% inhibition as the concentrations of cordycepin were 10, 50 and 100μ g/ mL, respectively. The difference had statistically significant (P<0. 05) compared with high glucose group. The number of cell migration were 55. 6±2. 70, 87. 4 ± 2. 40, 65. 4 ± 2. 7, 57. 8 ± 2. 38, 62. 4 ± 2. 77 in normal control group, high glucose group and HG+10μ g/mL group, HG + 50μ g/ mL group, HG + 100μ g/ mL group respectively. Migration of RF/ 6A conspicuously increased in high glucose group ( P < 0. 05) compared with normal control group; while showing a gradually reducing trend with the increase of cordycepin dose and a statistically significant difference compared with high glucose group (P<0. 05). The number of tube formation were 18. 7±2. 08, 25. 7 ± 1. 52, 19. 9 ± 1. 57, 16. 3 ± 2. 51, 5. 67 ± 1. 72 in the abovementioned group. Similarly showing a gradually reducing trend with the increase of cordycepin dose and a statistically significant difference with high glucose group (P< 0. 05). In addition, the number of tube formation of RF/ 6A in high glucose group significant increased compared with normal control group ( P < 0. 05 ). The expression of VEGF and VEGFR-2 dramaticlly increased in high glucose group vs normal control group, oppositely gradually decreased with the increase of cordycepin concentrations, and had a statistically significant difference vs high glucose group (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: Cordycepin can suppress the proliferation, migration and tubu formation of RF/ 6A in high glucose condition, might via inhibiting expression of VEGF and VEGFR-2.

Objective To investigate the effects of δ-opioid receptor agonist DADLE (D-Ala2-D-Leu5-enkephalin) on the hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism in rats with sepsis. Methods Eighty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 20 each) : sham operation group (group S), sepsis group (group SEP) ,DADLE, group and DADLE2, group. Sepsis was induced by cecum ligation and puncture (CLP) in SEP, DADLE,and DADLE2 groups. In DADLE1 and DADLE2 groups, 0.5 mg/ml DADLE 10 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally (IP) 0.5 h before CLP and immediately after CLP respectively. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) and ± dp/dtmax were recorded at 0, 2, 4 and 6 h after CLP (T1-4). Blood samples from left common carotid artery and right external jugular vein were collected at T4 for blood gas analysis. The cardiac index (CI), O2 delivery (DO2), O2 consumption (VO2) and O2 extraction rate (ERO2) were calculated.Results Compared with group S, MAP and LVSP were significantly increased at T2, while decreased at T3,4, and ± dp/dtmax was significantly increased in group SEP, MAP was significantly increased at T2, while decreased at T3,4, LVSP was significantly increased at T2,3, while decreased at T4 , and ± dp/dtmax was significantly increased in DADLE, and DADLE2 groups, and CI, DO2 and VO2 were significantly decreased and ERO2 was increased in SEP, DADLE, and DADLE2 groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group SEP, MAP, LVSP and ± dp/dtmax at T3,4 and CI, DO2 and VO2 were significantly increased, while ERO2 was significantly decreased in DADLE1 and DADLE2 groups (P ＜ 0.05). There was no significant difference in the parameters mentioned above between DADLE1 and DADLE2 groups ( P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion δ-opioid receptor agonist DADLE can obviously improve the hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism in septic rats.

Aged ; China ; Health Status ; Humans ; Life Expectancy ; Life Tables

Bufalin is an active compound of the traditional Chinese medicine Chansu, which exhibits significant anti-tumor activities in many solid tumors and leukemia cell lines. Bufalin could introduce apoptosis, reverse drug-resistance, and prevent migration and invasion of tumor cells. This paper reviewed the latest research progress of the in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor effect and mechanism of bufalin on a series of cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, lung cancer, colon cancer, gastric cancer, leukemia, bladder cancer, and its formulation study is also summarized for the reference of its further study and application.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Bufanolides ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology

Withanolide A is a biologically active secondary metabolite occuring in roots and leaves of Withania somnifera. In the present study, adventitious roots from leaf explants of W. somnifera were induced for the production of withanolide-A by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain C58C1 to obtain hair roots. Hair roots induction rate reached 30%. The withanolide A was determined by HPLC in different hair roots lines and different parts of W. somnifera. The average content of withanolide A in all hair roots lines were 1.96 times as high as that in wild-plant, the concentration of withanolide A in hair roots (1.783 mg x g(-1) dry weight) were 1.51 times as high as the roots of wild W. somnifera (1.180 mg x g(-1) dry weight), respectively. It is possible to obtain withanolide A from hair roots culture of W. somnifera.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; physiology ; Plant Extracts ; analysis ; biosynthesis ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Withania ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Withanolides ; analysis ; metabolism