Objective To investigate the effect of C4d deposition in peritubular capillary (PTC)in chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) on prognosis and intervention of renal transplantation recipients. Methods All the cases who received the renal graft biopsy due to diagnosis of CAN from January 2000 to August 2008, and had the 2-year follow-up data were included in the study. The clinical data were analyzed according to the C4d deposition in PTC. Results Among 86 cases 39 cases were C4d positive (C4d+ group) and the remaining 47 cases were negative (C4d group). There was no significant difference in sex, age, donor source, transplant times, time after biopsy, the panel reactive antibodies (PRA) level between two groups (P＞0. 05). Before intervention, there was no significant difference in serum creatinine (Scr) and 24 h urinary protein between two groups (P＞0. 05). At the end of 2-year followed-up period, graft loss rate and urinary protein levels in C4d+group were significantly higher than in C4d- group (P＜0. 05). Before intervention, the incidence of blood lipid disorder and hypertension was higher in C4d- group (P ＜ 0. 05 ), but no significant difference was found in uric acid and blood sugar levels (P＞0. 05). At the end of 2-year followed-up period, there was no significant difference in blood glucose, uric acid, blood pressure and lipid profile (eliminating renal lost cases) between two groups (P＞0. 05). Conclusion The patients with CAN and C4d+ means the involvement of chronic humoral rejection and have poor clinical results. Effective intervention against humoral immune response can improve renal allograft survival.

Objective: To study the effect and possible mechanism of Ginsenoside Rg1 in sports CNS fatigue and dose-response relationship.Methods: Kun Ming male mice were divided randomly into 6 groups: control group and five different doses groups(5,10,20,40,80 mg/kg).They were treated orally with Ginsenoside Rg1 for 2 weeks.The levels of amino acids of brain tissue were tested after swimming for 90 min and the exhaustive swimming time were recorded.Results: The levels of BCAA and the ratio of BCAA/AAA in groups 5,10 and 20 mg/kg were significantly higher than control group and the levels of AAA in groups 5,10,20 and 40 mg/kg were significantly decreased.The exhaustive swimming time in groups 5,10 and 20 mg/kg were much longer than in control group.Conclusion: Through adjusting the ratio of BCAA and AAA and decreasing the level of excitatory amino acids neurotransmitter,Ginsenoside Rg1 can elevate movement ability and resist against CNS fatigue.The roles of mid-low and low doses may be better.

Objective To identify the factors those regulate CCCP-induced non-canonical autophagy.Methods Different cells expressing GFP-LC3 were treated with or without CCCP (30μM) for 6 h.Fluorescent images were taken and cell lysates were analyzed by western blot assay.Real-time PCR was used to measure the mRNA levels of LC3B.FIP200-KO MEF cells were cultured and treated by 30 μM CCCP with or without water channel inhibitors, for 6 h.Cell lysates were analyzed by Western blot assay.Results CCCP could not induced autophagy in Atg5-KO MEF cells.CCCP could induce non-canonical autophagy in ULK1-KO MEF, FIP200-KO MEF, and Beclin1-KD U251.CCCP treatment in FIP200-KO MEF cells had no effect on the expression level of LC3B mRNA.We also found two distinct aquaporin water channel inhibitors could inhibit the generation of LC3 which was induced by CCCP.Conclusion CCCP induced non-canonical autophagy was Atg5-dependent, but Beclin1-, ULK1-and FIP200-independent.Osmotic imbalance could regulate CCCP-induce non-canonical autophagy.

Objective To explore the best way to diagnose and cure the nephrosis with ureteropelvic junction obstruction(UPJO) in children.Methods The diagnosis of 26 cases of nephrosis with UPJO were confirmed by ultrasonogram and IVU examinations.All patients underwent AndersonHynes procedures.These results were analyzed and summarized.Results All the diagnosis were proved to be correct by operation and pathology examinations,the operations were carried out successfully.Twenty-four cases were followed up for 6 months to 2 years.After the operation,the hematuria,urinary frequency,abdominal mass and distention disappeared,the urine analysis was normal,all cases cured clinically.Ultrasonogram examinations showed the thickness of parenchyma increased and the large kidneys lessened.Significantly improved renal fuoction on IVU examinations was observed in the 24 cases compared with that before the operations.The ureters of 20 cases displayed well.Conclusions The combination of ultrasonogram and IVU is very effective method to diagnose UPJO in children.Anderson-Hynes technique is the best procedure to cure the UPJO.

OBJECTIVETo explore causes of shoulder pain and propose prevention measures in treating acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

METHODSFrom January 2005 to January 2013, 86 patients with acromioclavicular joint dislocation (Tossy III) were treated with hook plate fixation, and were divided into two groups. Bsaed on recovery of shoulder function mostly, the patients who suffered from rest pain, motion pain were named as shoulder pain group, while the patients without pain were named as painless group. In shoulder pain group, there were 21 cases including 15 males and and 6 females ranging the age from 22 to 62 years old with an average of (40.6±11.2) years old. There were 8 cases were on the left side and 13 cases were on the right side. In painless group, there were 65 cases including 36 males and and 29 females ranging the age from 19 to 65 years old with an average of (40.0±11.3) years old. There were 33 cases were on the left side and 32 cases were on the right side. The time from injury to operation ranged from 3 h to 8 d with an average of 34.6 h. Shoulder function of all patients were normal before injuried. Postoperative pain, activity of daily living (ADL), range of motion, deltoid muscle strength were compared. Anteflexion,rear protraction, abduction and upthrow of shoulder joint were also compared. Postoperative complications between two groups were observed and compared.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 12 to 48 months with an average of 18.5 months. Constant-Murley score were used to evaluate clinical efficacy at the least following up, and 13 cases got an excellent results, 5 moderate, 2 good and 1 poor in shoulder pain group ; while 61 cases were obtained excellent results, 3 moderate and 1 good in painless group. There were significantly differences between two groups in Constant-Murley score and activity of shoulder joint (P<0.05). In shoulder pain group, 3 cases were disconnected, 1 case occurred stress fracture, 9 cases were subacromial impingement syndrome, 5 cases occurred subluxation, 1 case occurred plate breakage and 11 cases were acromioclavicular arthritis.

CONCLUSIONChosing individual clavicular hook plate, fulfilling anatomic reset, paying attention to the repair of articular capsule ligament, and reducing hook and bone antagonism between stress is the key point of preventing and decreasing postoperative shoulder pain.

Acromioclavicular Joint ; injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Adult ; Bone Plates ; adverse effects ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Shoulder Dislocation ; complications ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Shoulder Pain ; etiology ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Three hundred and twenty-one bacteria strains were obtained from rice leaves,stem,root tissue and paddy field soil,of which the number of strains which can inhibit mycelium of Magnaporthe grisea growth markedly was fifty-seven through fermentation in 2.0 mL Eppendorf tube,and among these fifty-seven strains,five strains were strongly antagonistic to Magnaporthe grisea.These five strains was identified for their morphologic,physiological and biochemical characteristics,and the results showed that one strain(No.156)was bacillus subtilis,two strains(No.171 and No.177)were Bacillus pumillus and two strains(No.192 and No.279)were Bacillus ploymyxa.

Objective To further prove the multipotentiality of rabbit bone mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by inducing it into cardiomyocytes with 5-azacytidine. Methods MSCs from rabbit were abstracted, isolated, cultured. Then MSCs were induced by 5-azacytidine in vitro for 24 hours. After cultured for 4 weeks, MSCs’ differentiation was studied by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy technique. Results Some of MSCs induced by 5-azacytidine expressed troponinT . Electron microscopy showed myofilaments. Conclusion MSCs which exist in bone marrow are mutipotential stem cells, and they can be induced into cardiomyocytes by 5-azacytidine in vitro.

Objective To build an antibody microarray based on direct labeling strategy for microalbnrninuria measurement, and evaluate it's technical potentiality for clinical application. Methods Urine samples of diabetic patients were collected. Antibody microarrays were constructed by preparation of array support, array fabrication, then protein assay and data analysis were performed. Procedure conditions for each step especially the labeling of samples were optimized. The set-ups were evaluated in terms of sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility. Urinary albumin excretion in the samples was detected by fabricated protein array, which was compared to that detected with immunoturbidimetry. Results The signal intensity was best when protein quality ratio of pure albumin or urine sample against NHS-biotin was 2:1. A calibration curve with a correlation coefficient of 0.9995 was established. The lower limit of detection was 0.0617 mg/L. Interehip and intrachip variation studies conducted on patient urine demonstrated CVs as 6.78%-9.22% and 3.35%-7.59%, respectively. Compared with the immunoturbidimetry, the antibody microarray was able to detect the extremely lower grade albumin in urine samples. The correlation coefficient of the results obtained by the two methods was 0.9199 (P <0.01). Conclusion An antibody microarray based on direct labeling strategy for microalbuminuria measurement is successfully established, which is comparable to immunoturbidimctry in its accuracy and will have great potential for clinical use with its high throughput, sensitivity, specifity and reproducibility.

Objective To explore protective effect of topiramate (TPM) and folic acid (FA) on mitochondrial damage in hippocampal CA3 neurons during pentylenetetrazol- induced kindling in immature rats.Methods Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) - induced kindling in rats was used to establish rat models of epilepsy.Forty-eight 3-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: two therapy groups with TPM 40 mg/(kg?d) or TPM 40 mg/(kg?d) and FA 5 mg/(kg?d) administration, 2 control groups (positive control group and negative control group) with the equal amount of distilled water administration. The seizure behaviors of rats were evaluated. Two months later, the rats were killed and the brain sections were made. The mitochondrial ultrastructures of neurons in hippocampal CA3 region were observed with transmission electron microscope.Results In the positive control group, the frequency of seizure was (48.4 ? 3.7)times, while in TPM group (44.3 ? 3.1)times and in TPM and FA group(40.8 ? 3 .7)times.The differences were significant among three groups (Pa

OBJECTIVETo study the bone state with ultimate stress by examining biomechanical distribution of upper femur in Chinese, in order to accumulate more experiences for clinical work.

METHODSTotally 60 Chinese femurs from fresh cadavers were randomly divided into two groups. All the femurs were cleaned, and the body age ranged from 36 to 72 years old, averaged 56.4 years, including 41 from males, and 19 from females. These two groups underwent mechanical stress and bending stress tests. Special mechanical laboratory and machines were used to get the information. Results about the loading value at each testing point under stress were collected.

RESULTSThe four faces of the upper femur suffered different stress under external forces. The bone on upper femur can tolerate more mechanical stress than bending stress. Medial and lateral region of the femur neck and the rear side of the small tuberosity section were themain position enduring the vertical stress. The rear position of the base femur neck and the small tuberosity section were the main regions enduring the bending stress. Those main positions had strong cancellous bones. The intertrochanteric fracture fixation and artificial femoral stems were designed depending on this biomechanical basis.

CONCLUSIONAccording to our experiment result, doctors need to chose more effective fixations for upper femur fracture, and femoral stems for the patients. More information should be collected by further researches.

Adult ; Aged ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Female ; Femur ; chemistry ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stress, Mechanical