Acupuncture is a traditional empirical medicine, and evidence-based medicine(EBM) is a new medical method and development of the empirical medicine. Since 1990s, Chinese acupuncture workers began to absorb and use the methods and principles of EBM to guide acupuncture clinical research and practice. Now more and more domestic acupuncture clinicians use and follow the methods and principles of EBM. On the systemic review of acupuncture-associated articles in Cochrane library, previously effective acupuncture therapy lacks adequate evidences, which may be related to the low quality of randomized controlled trials(RCTs). In the future, only developing specialized team of acupuncture clinical research and clinical research center can radically elevate the levels of acupuncture clinical research and evaluation. Meanwhile, developing China's evidence-based acupuncture should base itself on the characteristics of acupuncture, such as emphasis on original research in ancient books,high-quality single RCTs and systemic review of non-randomized researches.

Survivin, a newly identified member of IAP family, is a powerful apoptosis-inhibiting factor. It is expressed in embryonic tissues as well as in the majority of human cancers, but not in most normal adult tissues. The cancer-specific expression of survivin makes it a potential target for cancer treatment. A survivin-specific small inhibitory RNA (siRNA) was introduced into hepatocellular carcinoma cells to investigate its effect on cancer cell apoptosis, growth and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs. It was found that expressions of survivin protein and proliferation index (PI) in siRNA groups were significantly decreased, the apoptosis index (AI) of siRNA groups was significantly higher than those of others groups, and the growth inhibition rate (GIR) of chemotherapeutic drugs in siRNA groups were significantly higher than those of other groups. Our study suggests that the expression of survivin may be significantly decreased in hepG2 cell after siRNA transfection. siRNA targeting survivin could induce cell apoptosis, inhibit cell proliferation and sensitize hepatocarcinoma cells to chemotherapy. Our findings provide preliminary evidence for the therapeutic use of survivin-targeted RNA interference for human tumors that express high levels of this molecule.
Apoptosis ; Cell Proliferation ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Hep G2 Cells ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/*genetics ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering/*genetics ; RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism

Objective To investigate the effects of Ruangan granule on transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)/Smads signaling pathway in liver fibrosis in rats. Methods A total of 105 Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model group and colchicine, Dahuang-Zhechong pill group, high-, medium- and low-dose Ruangan granule groups (n=15 in each group). Liver fibrosis was induced by carbon tetrachloride and a high-cholesterol diet. After modeling, the low-, medium- and high-dose Ruangan granule groups were intragastric administrated Ruangan granule mixed suspension 3.6, 7.2, 14.4 g/(kg?d), respectively;Dahuang-Zhechong pill group was administrated with Dahuang-Zhechong pellets mixed suspension of 0.18 g/(kg?d);the colchicine group was intragastric administrated with colchicine mixed suspension of 0.108 mg/(kg?d);and the normal control group and the model group were intragastric administrated with the equal volume of distilled water. All rats were intragastric administrated for 8 weeks. The expressions of TGF-β1, Smad3 and Smad7 proteins in the liver tissue were detected with immunohistochemical staining method. The expressions of TGF-β1, Smad3, Smad7 mRNAs in the liver tussue were detected by RT-PCR. Results The expressions of TGF-β1 (2.59 ± 0.99 vs. 0.43 ± 0.21) and Smad3 (2.56 ± 0.67 vs. 0.41 ± 0.18) proteins and TGF-β1 mRNA (2.25 ± 0.21 vs. 0.71 ± 0.09) and Smad3 (2.34 ± 0.03 vs. 0.78 ± 0.12) mRNAs in the model group were significantly increased than those in the normal control group (all P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the expressions of TGF-β1 (1.12 ± 0.27 vs. 2.59 ± 0.99) and Smad3 (1.05 ± 0.34 vs. 2.56 ± 0.67) proteins in the high-dose Ruangan granule group decreased significantly, the expression of Smad7 increased significantly (2.33 ± 0.62 vs. 0.36 ± 0.18), and the expressions of TGF-β1 (1.09 ± 0.11 vs. 2.25 ± 0.21) and Smad3 (1.10 ± 0.02 vs. 2.34 ± 0.03) mRNAs decreased significantly, the expression of smad7 mRNA (1.18 ± 0.13 vs. 0.38 ± 0.11) increased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusions Ruangan granule can regulate the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway via down-regulation of TGF-β1, Smad3 and up-regulation of Smad7 in liver fibrosis in rats.

Objective To observe theRuangan granule on liver fibrosis in rats liver pathology change, the influence of hepatic function and hepatic fibrosis indexes, and to discusses the mechanism of its action to provide the basis for clinical prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis.Methods A total of 105 Wistar rats were randomly divided into a normal control group, a model group and a colchicines group, and Dahuang-Zhechong pill group, high-, medium- and low-doseRuangan granule groups (n=15 in each group). Liver fibrosis was induced by carbon tetrachloride and a high-cholesterol diet. After modeling, the low-, medium- and high-doseRuangan granule groups were intragastric administratedRuangan granule mixed suspension 3.6, 7.2, 14.4 g/(kg?d), respectively;Dahuang-Zhechong pill group was administrated with Dahuang-Zhechong pellets mixed suspension of 0.18 g/(kg?d); the colchicine group was intragastric administrated with colchicine mixed suspension of 0.108 mg/(kg?d); and the normal control group and the model group were intragastric administrated with the equal volume of distilled water. All rats were intragastric administrated for 8 weeks. HE staining and Masson trichromatic collagen staining were used to observe the pathological changes of liver While the change of AST, ALT, PH, TP and serum HA, LN, C-Ⅳ, PCⅢin blood serum were detected. Results Masson trichromatic collagen staining showed that, the percentage of liver collagen fiber area in rats of theRuangan granule high-dose group was significantly decreased (7.06 ± 1.18) % compared with model group (23.49 ± 1.34) %, colchicine group (11.35 ± 1.83) %, rhubarb worm pill group (15.27 ± 1.22) %,Ruangan granule medium-dose group (14.52 ± 1.75) %, and low dose group (16.08 ± 1.56) % (P<0.05 orP<0.01). Compared with model group,Ruangan granule high-dose group rats serum AST (75.86 ± 5.23 U/Lvs. 157.62 ± 24.04) U/L, the ALT (80.15 ± 5.94 U/Lvs. 160.58 ± 26.47) U/L, PH (52.58 ± 4.98μg/Lvs. 98.66 ± 6.75)μg/L significantly reduced, TP (74.19 ± 3.56 g/Lvs. 51.73 ± 5.92)g/L increased significantly (P<0.01).Ruangan granule high-dose group rats serum HA (277.22 ± 106.34 ng/mlvs. 553.19 ± 172.38 ng/ml), LN (89.82 ± 5.68 ng/mlvs. 134.25 ± 10.64 ng/ml), C-Ⅳ (47.94 ± 8.65 ng/mlvs. 84.18 ± 13.83 ng/ml), PCⅢ (16.53 ± 4.88 ng/mlvs.31.57 ± 5.35 ng/ml) decreased significantly in the model group (P<0.01).ConclusionRuangan granule has obvious effects for resisting liver fibrosis.

Objective To study the clinical characteristic and treatment of colorectal cavernous angioma and laparoscopic proctosigmoidectomy in colorectal cavernous angioma. Methods Clinical data of 8 colorectal cavernous angioma cases were analyzed. Results Cavernous hemangioma located in the rectum in 4 cases,in the proctosigmoid in 3 cases,and in the proctosigmoid and descending colon in one case.Under definite diagnosis,all cases underwent laparoscopic colorectomy,the postoperative recovery was satisfactory,and there was no postoperative mortality. Conclusions Colorectal cavernous angioma is rare,and usually be misdiagnosed.It commonly involves sigmoid and rectum.Laparoscopic proctosigmoidectomy is an effective way to deal with the disease.

Long educational system is an effective form in training high-level medical talents.Doctor-patient communication skill is one of tbe basic qualifications for 8-year program medical students.Standardized patients can be applied in training and evaluating of the 8-year program medical students'ability to deal with doctor-patient relationship so as to cultivate their communication competence.

Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Subclavian Vein ; abnormalities

Objective To evaluate the influence of duration of laser irradiation on histomorphometric meas- urements in experimentally tenotomized and repaired rabbit Achilles tendons and to explore the best irradiation time. Methods A total of 20 male New Zealand rabbits aged 10-12 weeks were used and randomly divided into 4 groups:a control group and three experimental groups.All the animals underwent surgical excised and then repair of their Achillis tendon.The animals in the control group were then treated with sham laser irradiation,while those in the three experimental groups were treated with 10,20 and 30 minutes of He-Ne laser irradiation(632.8 nm, 18.9 mW)daily,respectively,for 14 days.On the 28th day after surgical operation,the animals were sacrificed and their Achilles tendons were sampled.HE stain and Van Geison stain were used to observe morphometric changes of tendons.The SDS-PAGE electrophoresis method and CS-930 photodensity scan instrument were employed to measure the content of typesⅠandⅢcollagen.Results it was shown that laser irradiation enhanced cell proliferation,cel- lular content,granulation tissue formation and collagen deposition in laser-treated tendons,especially in those irradia- ted for 20 minute daily,as compared to the control group.TypeⅠand typeⅢcollagen levels were significantly in- creased at the 28th day in the healing tendons and the ratio of collagenⅢtoⅠincreased in all the 3 experimental groups,and the increase of both collagen content and ratio of collagen typeⅢtoⅠwas significantly greater in those ir- radiated 20 minutes daily(P

Adolescent ; Diagnostic Errors ; Foreign Bodies ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Trachea

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; Neurilemmoma