Theory of “combination of disease with syndrome” has been widely used in the establishment and evaluation of experimental animal models. The ulcerative colitis animal models with spleen-kidney yang deficiency pattern were established based on the theory according to complex factors. These models were not only required to show the features of “disease” and “syndrome” at the macro characterization, but also combined with microscopic biological indicators and prescription test so as to make comprehensive evaluation. But the problems in the establishment and evaluation of “combination of disease with syndrome” models hindered further development, such as the weak connection between disease and syndrome, multiplicity of models, and limitations in evaluation standards. Therefore, further improvement in the establishment and evaluation of models will make great sense to better ulcerative colitis animal models with spleen-kidney yang deficiency pattern.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of felodipine on mRNA levels of endothelial nitricoxide synthase (eNOS) and inducible nitricoxide synthase (iNOS) as well as the level of nitrogen monoxidum (NO) from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) injuryed by oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). Methods Isolated HUVECs were divided into blank control group,ox-LDL injury group treated with ox-LDL of different concentrations (6,12.5 and 25 mg/L),and intervention group of felodipine (0.1,1.0 and 10 ?mol/L)+ox-LDL (25 mg/L). Then eNOS and iNOS expressions were measured by real time-polymerase chain reaction and the level of NO in the supernatants of the cultures was assayed by nitrate reductase method. Results The mRNA expressions of eNOS and iNOS in HUVECs and NO level in the supernatants during treatment with different ox-LDL concentrations were higher than those in control group. However,felodipine significantly down-regulated the expression of iNOS in HUVECs injured by ox-LDL and inceased NO generation. Conclusion Felodipine has protective effects on endothelial cells. The mechanism may be related to its lowering the mRNA expression of iNOS induced by low ox-LDL concentration and increasing NO production.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of felodipine on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation,mRNA level of inflammatory factors such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1),in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) injured by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) so as to explore felodipine's anti-atherosclerosis mechanism independent of its anti-hypertensive effect. Methods Isolated HUVECs were treated with ox-LDL at different concentrations (6,12.5 and 25 mg/L) for 24 hours so that the optimal concentration and time of ox-LDL treatment were selected. Then the cells were incubated with ox-LDL and treated with felodipine at different concentrations (0.1,1 and 10 ?mol/L). Intracellular ROS level was determined by flow cytometry (FCM). Expressions of inflammatory factors ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were measured by real time-polymerase chain reaction (real time-PCR). Results ROS generation was increased in HUVECs after treatment with different concentrations (6,12.5 and 25 mg/L) of ox-LDL for 24 hours and there was a significant difference at 25 mg/L ox-LDL (P

Objective:To establish a rapid, sensitive and accurate HPLC-QTOF/MS determination method for the illegally added antihypertensive drugs in traditional Chinese medicines and healthy care products .Methods:An Agilent Eclipse plus C 18 column ( 50 mm ×2.1 mm,1.8 μm) was adopted with the mobile phase of 0.5%formic acid and acetonitrile with gradient elution .The flow rate was 0.2 ml· min-1 .The electrospray ionization source was applied and operated in a positive ion mode .Results:The detection limit of 18 antihypertensive drugs was within the range of 0.2-2.5 ng· ml-1 .Reserpine was found in one sample .Conclusion:The method is selective and sensitive , which can be used for the detection of 18 chemical medicines illegally added in antihypertensive traditional Chinese medicines and health care products .

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical characteristics,risk factors and preventive measures for nosocomial pneumonia in patients with post-hepatitis liver cirrhosis.METHODS A prospective and retrospective study was carried out to investigate the clinical data of 495 patients with post-hepatitis liver cirrhosis in Department of Infectious Diseases during Jan 1,2005 to Dec 31,2007.RESULTS The incidence rate of the nosocomial pneumonia in post-hepatitis liver cirrhosis patients was 13.50 %.The death rate was 25.40 %,which was obviously higher than 6.8% of patients without no nosocomial infection(?2=23.77,P

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Zhenqing Recipe (ZQR) on non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), and the expression of hepatic salt-inducible kinase 1 (SIK1) and sterol-regulatory element binding protein-ic (SREBP-lc) in type 2 diabetes rats.

METHODSA rat model of type 2 diabetes was established by high fat/sucrose diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of small dose streptozotocin (STZ) . Modeled rats were randomly divided into the model group, the ZQR group, and the metformin group, 8 in each group. Eight rats were recruited as a normal control group. ZQR at the daily dose of 12 g crude drugs/kg was administered to rats in the ZQR group by gastrogavage. Metformin suspension at the daily dose of 150 mg/kg was administered to rats in the metformin group by gastrogavage. Equal volume of distilled water was administered to rats in the normal control group and the model group. All medication lasted for 12 weeks. The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), free fatty acid (FFA), serum triglyceride (TG), serum total cholesterol (TC), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were detected. The body weight and wet liver weight were weighed, and the liver weight index calculated. The liver TG content was measured. The pathological changes of liver and the expression of SIK1 were observed by HE staining and immunohistochemistry. The mRNA and protein expression of SIK1 and SREBP-1c were detected using RT-PCR and Western blot.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, FBG, FFA, TG, TC, ALT, AST, liver weight index, and liver TG contents significantly increased (P < 0.01); liver steatosis was severe, the mRNA and protein expression of SIK1 obviously decreased (P < 0.01); mRNA and protein expression of SREBP-1c increased (P < 0.01). After drug therapy, compared with the model group, FBG, FFA, TG, TC, ALT, AST, and liver weight index significantly decreased, liver TG contents significantly decreased, the mRNA and protein expression of SIK1 obviously increased, while mRNA and protein expression of SREBP-1c obviously decreased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) in the ZQR group and the metformin group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); and the pathological changes were also improved. All the indices were improved more in the ZQR group (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONIn this experiment, we found that the expression of SIK1 decreased in NAFL rats with type 2 diabetes. ZQR could alleviate lesion of NAFL type 2 diabetes rats possibly by up-regulating hepatic SIK1 expression at mRNA and protein levels.

Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Fatty Liver ; complications ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Liver ; metabolism ; Male ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 ; metabolism

″Herb-Pairs″, also known as pair drugs, refers to a prescription consisted of two relatively fixed traditional Chinese medicine, is the most basic, most simple and most common form of medication prescription in traditional Chinese medicine compound compatibility. It is not a random combination of two herbs, nor is the simple accumulation of efficacy, but the simple and delicate experience of ancient Chinese medicine practitioners. As a bridge between single drug and prescriptions, it is the embodiment of the regular and dialectical connotation. Therefore, research on Herb-Pairs has always been the most basic and most important entry point for compound compatibility studies. However, the interaction between herbs and herbs is an effect with a downside as well as benefits. The beneficial herb-herb interaction in Herb-Pairs include mutual promotion, mutual enhancement, mutual restraint between two drugs and counteract toxicity of another drug. And the harmful herb- herb interaction in Herb- Pairs includes mutual inhibition and antagonism. All of these interactions areby means of affecting the metabolism of components to play a therapeutic effect. Using the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) binding model, the combination of drug metabolism and pharmacodynamics can further elucidate the influence on effect caused by drug concentration and metabolism, which can help elucidate the mechanism of drug action. Consequently, in this review, the herb-herb interactions in terms of pharmacokinetic were summarized to elucidate rule of TCM compatibility.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the augmentation of microsomal glutathione S-transferase (mGST) preparation using simple organic compounds. METHODS: Rat liver microsomes were isolated using both the polyethyleneGlyco 6000 (PEG6000) and Ca(2+) precipitation methods. Next the mGST activity was measured after incubation with the alkylating agent N-ethylmaleimind (NEM). RESULTS: The baseline mGST activity of rat microsomes was 0.15 after PEG6000 exposure and 0.082 after Ca(2+) precipitation. After NEM treatment mGST activity increased to 1.797 (2.35X) (P<0.01) and 2.375 (4.127X) (P<0.01) respectively followed by purified washing. mGST activation was stimulated maximally by 5-10 mmol/L NEM and occurred rapidly with 1-2 min of co- incubation. CONCLUSION: For both the PEG6000 and Ca(2+) precipitation methods the mGST activity of rat microsomes can be significantly enhanced after exposure to NEM. This enhancement is more prominent with the Ca(2+) precipitation.

Objective To explore the changes of high-sensitivity C reactive protein(hs-CRP) and platelet parameter levels in newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE)and its clinical significance.Methods Thirty-five infants with HIE and 16 healthy newborns were selected as study cases and controls respectively by automantc biochemistry analyzer.Serum hs-CRP content was measured by reaction rate method;Platelet parameter levels were detected by collecting blood samples from peripheral vascular of heel,and the activity of creatine kinase(CK),creatine phosphokinase isoenzyme(CK-MB),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),alpha-hydroxybntyric dehydrogenase(?-HBDH),alanine transaminase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST) were assayed as well.Results 1.The hs-CRP levels in newborns with HIE increased obviously in acute stage,and significant difference were observed compared with controls(P0.05).2.PLT in newborns with HIE decreased significantly in acute stage compared with that of controls(P0.05).3.The values of CK,CK-MB,LDH,?-HBDH,AST,ALT in newborns with HIE were significantly higher than those in controls in acute stage(P

Objective To investigate the relationship between the imbalance of suppressors of cytokine signaling 1(SOCS1)/SOCS3 and abnormal activation of monocytes/ macrophages in children with acute-phase asthma, and explore the molecular mechanism of chronic inflammatory process on airway.Methods The present study enrolled 20 asthmatic children and 20 age-matched normal children. Dual-color flow cytometric analysis was performal to detect the percentage of CD_ 80 、CD_ 86 expressing on CD_ 14 ~+ cell. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and real-time PCR were used to analyze SOCS1,SOCS3 expression in monocytes/ macrophages.Results The proportions of CD_ 80 ,CD_ 86 expressed on CD_ 14 ~+ cell in children with asthma were significantly higher than those in control subjects(CD_ 80 :7.0% vs 1.70%),(CD_ 86 :11.37% vs 2.03%),all P