Objective To study the qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis of flavonoids and other ingredients in leaves of Lonicera hypoglauca miq,and to optimize the reflux extraction condition for total flavonoids from leaves of lonicera hypoglauca miq. Methods Preliminary test was used for qualitative analysis. UV-spectrophotometry was used to determinate content of total flavonoids. By orthogonal design,the extraction rate of flavonoids was determined in different factors of ethanol reflux extracting. Results Leaves of lonicera hypoglauca miq contained alkaloids and flavonoids.The optimum conditions of ethanol reflux extracting total flavonoids are 12 times 50% ethanol,and refluence for 1.0h at water bath for two times.According to validate experiment,the average total flavonoids content was 16.6% in leaves of lonicera hypoglauca miq,with RSD=1.52%(n=3). Conclusion Flavonoids are in higher level in leaves of Lonicera hypoglauca miq. There are some chemical similarity in leaves of lonicera hypoglauca miq and leaves of flos lonicerae.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of atorvastatin calcium combined with probucol in the treatment of atherosclerosis. METHODS:A total of 80 patients with atherosclerosis selected from the Affiliated Hospital of Sichuan College of TCM during Jan. 2015-Jan. 2016 were randomly divided into control group and observation group according to random number table,with 40 cases in each group. Control group was given Probucol tablet 0.5 g,every 2 days. Observation group was ad-ditionally given Atorvastatin calcium tablet 20 mg,qd,on the basis of control group. Both groups were treated for consecutive 24 weeks. The levels of blood lipid,arterial plaque size and thickness before and after treatment,life quality score before treatment and 3 months after treatment were observed in 2 groups;and the occurrence of ADR was recorded. RESULTS:Before treatment, there was no statistical significance in blood lipid,arterial plaque size and thickness or life quality score between 2 groups(P>0.05). After treatment,the levels of TC,TG and LDL-C,arterial plaque size and thickness in 2 groups were decreased significant-ly,while HDL-C level and life quality score were increased significantly;the improvement of above indexes in observation group was significantly better than control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in total inci-dence of ADR between observation group(12.50%)and control group(15.00%)(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Atorvastatin calci-um combined with probucol in the treatment of atherosclerosis can reduce blood lipid level and get thrombolysis,and contribute to the recovery of living ability with good safety.

Animals ; Brain Ischemia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Metallothionein ; metabolism ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; metabolism ; Neurons ; pathology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; pathology

Acetates ; Chemical Industry ; statistics & numerical data ; China ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control

Objective To understand the genotype distribution of clinical Cryptococcus neoformans var.grubii strains from China and Brazil using multilocus microsatellite typing(MLMT) method and to study the difference in their MLMT genotyping.Methods DNA was extracted from the identified 69 clinical Cryptococcus neoformans var.grubii strains.DNA fragments covering microsatellite loci(CNG1,CNG2,and CNG3) were amplified by PCR and sequenced.The number of each motif repeats in 3 microsatellite regions("TA","GA",and "CAT" repeats for CNG1,CNG2,and CNG3,respectively) was calculated.The MLMT types of 69 clinical Cryptococcus neoformans var.grubii strains were determined according to the repeat number of different motifs.Data were analyzed using SPSS 11.5 software.Results Five genotypes were identified in 33 clinical strains from China.Of these strains,29 were MLMT-17,accounting for 87.88% of the total strains.Ten genotypes were identified in 36 clinical strains from Brazil.Of the 36 strains,19 were MLMT-13,accounting for 52.78% of the total strains.Conclusion The difference is great in major genotype distributions of the clinical Cryptococcus neoformans var.grubii strains from China and Brazil.The genotype of clinical strains from Brazil is diversely distributed.

Objective Cryptococcus neoformans var.grubii isolates from 6 different cities in our country using multilocus microsatellite typing(MLMT) method were genotyped to explore the genotypic distribution of the variety.Methods The DNA of forty-three isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var.grubii was extracted.The DNA fragments covering microsatellite loci CNG1,CNG2 and CNG3 were amplified using PCR,and then sequenced.The numbers of each motif repeat in 3 microsatellite regions("TA" repeats for CNG1,"GA" repeats for CNG2,and "CAT" repeats for CNG3) were calculated.According to the repeat numbers of these motif,the MLMT types of 43 strains of Cryptococcus neoformans var.grubii were determined.Results Out of 43 isolates,the percentage of MLMT-17 was 83.72%.In the clinical and environmental isolates,the percentages of MLMT-17 were 86.67% and 70%,respectively.Two new genotypes MLMT-39 and-40 were found.Conclusion MLMT-17 of Cryptococcus neoformans var.grubii is prevalent in both clinical and community environment in China.Implying the most clinical strains which resulted in cryptococcosis originated from indigenous environmental strains.

Objective To study the influence of different routes of keyhole limpet hemocyanin ( KLH) immuniza-tion on the T-cell-dependent antibody response in mice.Methods SPF Kunming mice were divided into four groups: the intravenous injection group, subcutaneous injection group, intraperitoneal injection group and control group.Each mouse was injected 200 μg KLH intravenously, subcutaneously or intraperitoneally daily for consecutive 10 days, respectively. Mice in the control group were given solvent injection only.Serum concentration of IgG stimulated by KLH antigen was measured 7 days after the last dosing.Spleen was isolated to calculate the organ coefficient and examined by pathology u-sing hematoxylin and eosin staining.Results Intravenously, subcutaneously and intraperitoneally administered KLH stimu-lated the generation of secondary lymphoid follicles and germinal center to varying degrees, B cell apoptosis, increased a-mount of cells in the marginal zone and other pathological changes were observed in the spleen.Intravenous and intraperito-neal administration of KLH led to more pronounced pathological changes compared with that in the subcutaneous injection group.All of the three administration routes of KLH induced generation of IgG antibody, significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05).Intravenous injection of KLH generated the highest concentration of IgG and organ coefficient among the three administration routes ( P<0.05) .Conclusions Different immunization routes do affect the production of IgG antibody, organ coefficient and pathological changes in the spleen, and these differences should be taken into consider-ation when analyzing the T cell dependent antibody response in mice.

Objective To determine the perioperative risks of partial hepatectomy by determining the preoperative liver functional reserve in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),and to compare the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score with the Child-Pugh classification in predicting prognosis.Methods We reviewed the clinical data of 202 patients with HCC who underwent partial hepatectomy.The MELD score and the Child-Pugh classification were determined preoperatively.Results The incidence of postoperative liver dysfunction happened in 44.0％ of Child A patients,50％ in Child B patients,41.6％in patients with a MELD score below 14,and 91.7％ in patients with a MELD score of ＞ 14.The difference between the rates of postoperative liver dysfunction in patients with a preoperative MELD score above 14 and below 14 was significant (P ＜ 0.05),while that between patients with Child-Pugh A and B was insignificant (P ＞ 0.05).The incidences of postoperative liver dysfunction in patient with a MELD ＜ 8,8 ≤ MELD ≤ 14,MELD ＞ 14 were 38.2％,57.6％ and 91.7％,respectively,indicating that there was a positive co-relationship between the MELD score and the incidences of liver dysfunction.The Spearman rank correlation test showed the MELD score was significant correlated with the Child-Pugh score (r =0.404 ; P ＜ 0.05).The areas under the ROC curves of the MELD score and the Child-Pugh score were 0.703 and 0.587 (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The MELD score predicted postoperative liver dysfunction more accurately than the Child-Pugh classification.HCC patients undergoing partial hepatectomy with a preoperative MELD score ＞ 14 had a high perioperative risk.To ensure the safety of partial hepatectomy,HCC patients with a preoperative MELD score ＞ 14 requires active preoperative preparation,bringing the score near to or less than 14.

Objective To investigate the imaging characters of abdominal cocoon.Methods Six cases of abdominal cocoon proved by surgery and pathologic findings were retrospectively analyzed. Abdominal plain X-ray and CT were performed in 6 cases.The gastrointestinal barium meal series were undergone in 4 cases.The imaging findings were analyzed.Results Abdominal plain X-ray suggested intestinal obstruction in 3 of 6 cases.The gastrointestinal barium meal showed"cauliflower sign"or "concertina pattern"in all of the 4 cases;CT images revealed a conglomeration of multiple small bowel loops in all 6 cases and the intestinal loops seemed to be encapsulated in a membranelike sac.Conclusion The imaging features of gastrointestinal barium meal and CT scan could suggest the diagnose of abdominal cocoon.

Objective To investigate the safety,efficacy and effects of emergent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients from Second Affiliated Hospital,Medical College,Zhejiang University with cardiogenic shock (CS) complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Method Twenty-seven patients with CS complicating with AMI were treated by PCI with intraaortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP) support.The change of hemodynamics before and after IABP and PCI,the characteristics of PCI,the mortality during hospitalization, the major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and left ventricular ejection fraction at 30-day follow-up were observed.Results The hemodynamics were significantly improved after IABP.No patients died during PCI.Two patients died after PCI and the total mortality was 7.4% in hospital.During the period of 30-day follow-up, one patient died of heart failure.The left ventricular ejection fraction greatly improved at 30 days after PCI. Conclusions The data suggested that the use of IABP during PCI in patients with CS complicating AMI was safe, decreased mortality and improved prognosis.