OBJECTIVE To lower the incidence of postoperative pulmonary infection in abdominal major operation.METHODS We performed a retrospective trial analysis on pulmonary infection after major abdominal operation in 402 cases from Oct 2004 to Oct 2005,and in the meanwhile effective preventive procedures were conducted.RESULTS Thirty three cases with pulmonary infection went weel with active treatment and nursing.CONCLUSIONS The predisposing factors for postoperative infection include anesthetic method,incision pain,and environmental pollution.The better methods for prevention of pulmonory infection are good preoperative instruction,planned respiration training,keeping airway confluent postoperatively,effectively reducing incision pain,infection control,and preventing environmental and air pollution.

Analysis was made in 3 patients with central nervous system lymphoma(CNSL) with different manifestations;neuroradiological and immunocytological investigations were used to improve the clinical diagnosis of CNSL.Three patients with CNSL presented with 3 distinct profiles:diffuse meningeal invasion, intracranial masses of tumor and intramedullary spinal invasion. Both contrast enhanced CT and MR provided CNSL lesions in the brain parenchyma and meninges. It is suggested that combining CT,MR findings and immunological markers can improve clinical diagnosis of CNSL.

Objective To describe the depression of premature infants′ mothers and discuss the related influence factors. Methods A total of 86 premature infants′ mothers completed Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at 3-days postpartum in this descriptive study during August 2014 to January 2015 in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University. Results The prevalence of postpartum depression in premature infants′ mothers was 25.6% (22/86). Educational levels, family support, character, and number of abortion of mothers, pregnancy complication, gestational age, birth weight, Apgar score, length of hospitalization, and birth with abnormalities of premature infants were found significantly associated with postpartum depression (P<0.05). By Logistic regression, family support (OR=3.253, 95% CI=1.180-8.966) and length of hospitalization (OR=2.905, 95% CI=1.418-5.952) were the risk factors of the postpartum depression at 3-days after delivery. Conclusions Premature infants′mothers at 3-days postpartum presented with obvious postpartum depression. Psychological intervention should be focused on its influence factors.

Child ; Humans ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; diagnosis

Objective To explore the risk factors of lower limb deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients with traumatic fractures so as to provide references for prevention of DVT. Methods A total of 1 068 patients with traumatic fractures were involved in the study to analyze the incidence of DVT under 43 risk factors including general state, injury type, fracture condition and operation and screen significant factors for multiple factor analysis. Results The total incidence rate of DVT in 1 068 patients was 12.0%. The univariate analysis showed that male patients at age ＞60 years, with BMI≥25 kg/m2, history of smoking, lack of exercises, history of diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease had higher incidence rate of DVT. In different injury types, the fall injury caused the highest incidence rate of DVT (45.6%). There were different DVT rates for different fracture position,with the highest incidence rate of DVT for femur shaft fracture (20.5%). The incidence rate of DVT was 51.7% for fractures of more than three parts, 14.2% for fractures of two parts and only 3.7% for sole part. The incidence rate of DVT for comminuted fractures was higher than the overall rate. The operation duration, massive transfusion during operation and epidural anesthesia were related with the increase of incidence of DVT. Multivariate analysis found nine independent risk factors and showed that the more risk factors were, the higher incidence of DVT was. Conclusions The risk factors of DVT for traumatic fractures include age ＞60 years, BMI≥25 kg/m2, history of smoking, fall injury, more than three parts of fractures, comminuted fractures, operation duration ＞ 2 hours, massive transfusion during operation and epidural anesthesia.

Objective To comparethe effects of four different emergency fixation methods for the open tibiofibular fractures on the treatment and prognosis of the multiple trauma patients. Methods A comparative study was carried out on the effect offour different early fixation methods on the fracture and the multiple trauma in aspects of the short-term indicators including mortality rate,acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS),fat embolism syndrome(FES),multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS),ICU stay and the long-term indicators including wound healing time,fracture healing time,rate of joint function recovery and fracture complications in 43 multiple trauma patients. Results The locked intramedullary nail wag better than the other fLxation methods including the calcaneal traction,the gypsum external fixation and the internal fixation with steel plate and extemal fixation support in most indexes(P<0.05,0.01). Conclusion The locked intramedullary nail can significantly decrease the incidence rate of complications and obtain sound fracture healing for the patients with multiple trauma combined with open tibiofibular fractures(types Gnstilo Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲa).

Vectors used to carry foreign genes play an important role in gene therapy, among which, the adeno-associated virus (AAV) has many advantages, such as nonpathogenicity, low immunogenicity, stable and long-term expression and multiple-tissue-type infection, etc. These advantages have made AAV one of the most potential vectors in gene therapy, and widely used in many clinical researches, for example, Parkinson's disease. This paper introduces the biological characteristics of AAV and the latest research progress of AAV carrying neurotrophic factor, dopamine synthesis related enzymes and glutamic acid decarboxylase gene in the gene therapy of Parkinson's disease.
Animals ; Aromatic-L-Amino-Acid Decarboxylases ; genetics ; Dependovirus ; genetics ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genetic Therapy ; Genetic Vectors ; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; genetics ; Glutamate Decarboxylase ; genetics ; Humans ; Nerve Growth Factors ; genetics ; Neurturin ; genetics ; Parkinson Disease ; therapy

Objective To determine the relationship between normal weight obesity (NOW) and cardiovascular risk factors.MethodsA total of 940 adults who received a health examination in out hospital were recruited in a cross-sectional study,and 407 with a body mass index (BMI) of18.5 to 25 kg/m2were enrolled for further analysis.Body fat percentage ( BF％ ) was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA),and the subjects were assigned to the NOW group ( BF％ ≥25％ for male or BF％ ≥35％for female) or the control group ( BF％ ＜ 25％ for male or BF％ ＜ 35％ for female).Cardiovascular risk factors and their detection rates were compared between the two groups by using independent sample t test and x2 test.The correlationbetweenNOW and cardiovascular risk factors was assessedbylogistic regression.Results The prevalence of NOW in men and women were13.1％ and14.9％,respectively.The prevalence of NOW was increased with age ( x2 =6.90,P ＜0.05 ).Systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure ( DBP ),total cholesterol ( TC ),triglycerides ( TG ),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C) and serum uric acid (SUA) were significantly increased in the NOW group (t values were 2.97,2.44,2.54,5.09,2.71and 3.91,respectively; all P ＜ 0.05 ) ; whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C) was significantly decreased in the NOW group (t =-3.90,P ＜ 0.05 ).The prevalence of hypertension,hyperglycemia,high triglyceride,low HDL-C,dyslipidmia and hyperuricemia was increased in the NOW group in comparison with the control group ( x2 values were 6.76,5.58,14.50,11.97,10.97 and 8.76,respectively;allP＜ 0.05 ).LogisticregressionshowedNOWincreasedtheriskof hypertension,hyperglycemia,dyslipidmia or hyperuricemia by 2.186,2.120,2.088 or 4.175 times.After adjustment for age and gender,the risk for hyperuricemia was decreased to 3.491,but remained statistically significant higher.Conclusions NOW may be correlated with cardiovascular risk factors,and those with NOW could be at higher risk for cardiovascular diseases.

Objective To investigate the psychological health states of practical nurse and to effectively conduct clinical psychological guidance.Methods 368 practical nurse were determined by SCL-90 and compared with normal control.Results There were significant differences between practical nurse and normal control,such as compulsion,sensitive interpersonal,depression,anxiety,terror crankiness(P<0.05～P<0.01),and no remarkable difference in other factors(P>0.05).Conclusion Nurse's gross mental health level were worse than normal control,especially in compulsion,sensitive interpersonal,depression,anxiety,terror crankiness. So, mental health education should be enhanced for them.

Objective To explore the effect of lysophosphatidic acid(LPA)on blood-brain barrier(BBB) permeability and its possible mechanism.Methods LPA or LPA+suramin(L+S)were stereotaxically injected into the right eaudate nucleus in SD rats in vivo.Evans blue(EB)was used to quantitatively measure the permeability of BBB at different time points.The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 was detected by immunohistochemistry technique.The pathological ultrastruetural changes of BBB were assessed by transmission electron microscopy.Results The BBB permeability began to increase after LPA administered into ipsilateral eaudate nucleus,and reached the peak at 24h.Then the permeability of BBB gradually lowered after 48h.In comparison with the same time points of control group,there were quite significant differences(P＜0.01).After L+S was injected,the change of BBB permeability had differences in comparison with those of LPA group in the same time points,(P＜0.05).MMP-9 positive cells were mainly vascular endothelial cells.The numbers of MMP-9 positive blood vessels grew at 6h in LPA group,and the expression of it reached maximum at 24h,then the number of it decreased at 48h,showing significant statistical differences in comparison with the L+S group(P＜0.01),It was observed microscopically that ultrastrueture of BBB of the LPA group was changed sharply,such as basement membrane roughed and fragmented,astroeyte end-feet swolled markedly and perivaseular space enlarged obviously.But there were no remarkable changes in BBB in L+S group.Conclusion LPA can induce increase of BBB permeability and its possible mechanism is the strong expression of MMP-9 protein produeted by endothelial cells through the mediation of LPA receptor,leading to degradation of basement membrane.