Objective To investigate effect of early enteral nutrition supplemented with probiotics on gastrointestinal motility disturbance and nutritional status in patients with severe craniocerebral trauma.Methods Forty patients with severe craniocerebral trauma were randomized into study group (18patients) and control group (22 patients).Patients of both groups received enteral nutrition via nasogastric tube at 24-72 hours after admission,but the patients of study group were also supplemented with probiotics simultaneously.Rate of abdominal distention,vomiting,gastro-oesophageal reflux,gastric retention,constipation and diarrhea were recorded during the whole study.Time to first defecation and time to targeted nutritional goals were also recorded.Prealbumin and transferrin in serum were detected at days 0,4,7,and 15 after the beginning of enteral nutrition.Length of ICU stay was compared between groups.Results There were no significant differences of the two groups in terms of rate of abdominal distention,vomiting,gastric retention and diarrhea.However,less gastro-oesophageal reflux or constipation patients were observed in study group,as compared with control group (P ＜ 0.05).Time to first defecation and time to targeted nutritional goals were shorter in study group,as compared with control group (P ＜ 0.05).Levels of prealbumin and transferrin had no significant differences between the two groups at days 0,4,and 7,but study group showed both were higher than control group at day 15 (P＜0.05).Moreover,length of ICU stay showed no significant difference between the two groups.Conclusions Compared with simple enteral nutrition,early enteral nutrition with probiotics improves gastrointestinal motility,facilitates the delivery of enteral nutrition,and further ameliorates nutritional status in patients with severe craniocerebral trauma.

Objective To investigate the nitrogenous chemical constituents of Weiceng .Methods Weiceng extract was subjected to various column chromatography and spectroscopic methods were used for the elucidation of compounds .Results Seventeen compounds were isolated and identified as cyclo-(Leu-Tyr)(1), cyclo-(Phe-Tyr) (2), cyclo-(Pro-Gly) (3), L-Pyroglutamic acid methyl ester (4), uracil (5), thymine (6), N-acetylphenylalanine (7), tyrosine (8), phenylala-nine (9), phenylalanine methyl ester (10), N-methyl leucine (11), isoleucine (12), valine (13), leucine (14), glutamic acid (15), glycine (16) and aspartic acid (17).Conclusion All the seventeen compounds are isolated from Weiceng for the first time .Before this study , cyclopeptides 1-3 have never been isolated from soy bean or its products .

Objective To investigate the capability of bluetongue virus(BTV)dsRNA inducing IFN-β from human cells.Methods Artificial complex interfemn inducer polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (PolyI:C).BTV and BTV dsRNA were added to A549(human lung cancer cell)and HEL(human lung normal cells)culture system in difierent concentrations.IFN-β in culture median was detected by ELISA.Results Though all of the 3 reagents could induce IFN-β,BTV dsRNA significanay induced the highest level of IFN-β.The production of IFN-β was induced by BTV dsRNA in dose dependence.BTV dsRNA induced IFN-β level from HEL Was higher than that from A549(P<0.05).Conclusion BTV dsRNA Can induce IFN-β from human cells effectively,which shows its potential of an endogenous IFN-β inducer.

Objective To investigate the current situation of knowledge of stroke rehabilitation among Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) physicians in 14 tertiary A-level hospitals. Methods A cross section survey was conducted in 14 tertiary A-level hospital in China in May, 2012. A total of 128 TCM physicians completed the questionnaire, which was created according to Medical Care Guideline of Stroke Rehabilitation in China. Results Overall accuracy of stroke rehabilitation basic knowledge was 66.83%, 88.77% of stroke rehabilitation evaluation, 75.12% of stroke rehabilitation treatment. Conclusion The knowledge of stroke rehabilitation is insufficient among TCM physicians in tertiary A-level hospitals, and further training is needed.

In order to study the analgesic effect of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction, this paper discussed material basis and mechanism from the perspective of macromolecules in traditional Chinese medicine. Inspired by the phenomenon of turbidity after boiling Chinese medicine, this experiment took Shaoyao Gancao Decoction as the research object to study the formation process of precipitation during boiling. The results showed that aggregates with a certain shape were formed in the solvent during the boiling process, and the precipitate was obtained by standing and centrifuging. Analysis found that the precipitation was mainly composed of small molecules such as paeoniflorin, albiflorin, liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid, isoliquiritin and gallic acid, and macromolecules such as protein and polysaccharide. The composition of precipitate was consistent with that of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction, but the analgesic effect of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction after removing the precipitate was significantly reduced. Based on these results, we isolated small molecular compounds, polysaccharides and protein from Shaoyao Gancao Decoction and their contents are 60.4, 700.7 and 207.2 mg·g^-1 respectively. We get the ratio, polysaccharide: small molecule = 11.6∶1, protein: small molecule = 3.4∶1, the precipitate is prepared in the state of boiling. The characterization results showed that the particle size of the precipitate will change significantly after co-heating, and the content determination results showed that the content of the six small molecular compounds which was free in solvent was significantly reduced after the formation of the precipitate. The acetic acid writhing experiment proved that the precipitate has a good analgesic effect, and effectively reduced the levels of inflammatory factors prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide, and increased the level of anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10. These results proved that the precipitate in Shaoyao Gancao Decoction is an important material basis for analgesic effect, and macromolecules such as protein and polysaccharide are the main components of the precipitate. The study of macromolecules in the precipitate of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction not only provides new ideas and methods for elucidating the pharmacodynamic material basis of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction, but also provides a reference for analyzing the scientificity of traditional decoction.

The experiment aimed to study the toxic effect of oral ricin on gastrointestinal tract and immune organs of mice with the dose of 1/5 LD50.In early days of intoxication,there was an obviously decrease in daffy weight and relative weight of thymus and spleen,fllowing the excretion of toxin,they had a trend of recovering to the normal state.Also,results of pathological section,scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope showed that ricin would induce a series of pathological reaction in intestines,meanwhile,the splenocytes displayed significant symptom of apoptosis and necrosis.

Calcium hydroxide (CH) is applied to improve disinfection of root canals in most root canal retreatment. This study aimed to analyze the CH removal efficacy using 7 different root preparing files (K file, pre-curved K file, EndoActivator, Ultrasonic file, pre-curved ultrasonic file, F file and needle irrigation alone) with apical transportation. Standardized models of curved canal with such apical transportation or not were set up before applying CH to root canal for 7 days. Seven techniques described above were used for its removal. Then the roots were disassembled and digital photos were taken. The ratio of residual CH in the overall canal surface was calculated using the image analyzer image pro plus 6.0. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey test. Results revealed that CH was effectively removed (P<0.05) by using all 6 mechanical methods except irrigation alone. In curved root canals with apical transportation, EndoActivator, pre-curved ultrasonic file and F file were found to be more effective in removing CH than the other four file (P<0.001), while there was no significant difference among EndoActivator, pre-curved ultrasonic file and F file groups (P>0.05). The percentage of residual CH in the canal with apical transportation was higher than that in the canal without apical transportation (P<0.05). In conclusion, CH can be hardly removed completely. Canal with apical transportation will result in insufficient CH removal. EndoActivator, pre-curved ultrasonic file and F file are more effective in the curved root canal with apical transportation.

Objective To study the expression and clinical significance of?-catenin and c-myc in gastric adenocarcinoma and corresponding para cancer gastric mueosa.Methods Two hundreds and ninety seven samples were collected from 102 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma,including 102 cancerous tissues and 195 para-cancerous tissues.Each sample was made into 282,156 and 156 dots tissue microarrays.Expressions of?-catenin and c-myc proteins were detected by immunohistochemical stain- ing.Results The expressions of?-catenin and c-mye were increased gradually in the process of gastric carcinogenesis.The rates of?-catenin and c myc expression were higher in carcinoma than that in intesti- nal metaplasia( P＜0.05,P＜0.001).The aberrant expression of?-catenin was closely related to the depth of invasion(P＜0.05),and the expression of c-myc was related to histological grade( P＜0.05). The aberrant expression of?-catenin was significantly correlated with the expression of c-myc in gastric adenocarcinoma(P＜0.05).Conclusions The aberrant expression of?-catenin may activate the expres sion of target gene c-myc,which plays a pivotal role in the carcinogenesis and progression of gastric adenocarcinoma.

Objective To explore the correlation between oxygen reduction index(ODI) with blood lipid and renal function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) .Methods Selected 208 patients by polysomnography (PSG) and diagnosed as OSAHS ,divided into four groups according to ODI(ODI ≤ 7 ,7 < ODI ≤ 18 ,18 < ODI ≤ 38 and ODI > 38) .Four groups were compared in total cholesterol (TC) ,triglyceride (TG) ,high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) ,low density lipo‐protein cholesterol (LDL‐C) ,apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) ,apolipoprotein B (ApoB) ,urea ,creatinine ,uric acid and other differ‐ences ,analysis the correlation between ODI with blood lipid and renal function .Results There were significant different in TC ,TG , HDL‐C ,LDL‐C ,ApoB ,urea ,creatinine ,uric acid in four groups with different degree of ODI (P< 0 .05) ;ODI were positively relat‐ed to TC ,TG ,LDL‐C ,ApoB ,urea ,creatinine ,uric acid levels ,and negatively related to the level of HDL‐C .Conclusion Abnormity of blood lipid metabolic and changes in renal function are associated with the increase of ODI in patients with OSAHS .

Objective To explore the feasibility of the application of non fasting blood lipid in the hospitalized population.Methods Self-control study was used.608 patients(aged 20~86 years old) were enrolled from April 2015 to October 2016 in lipid center of FuWai hospital.Fasting sample and non-fasting sample(1~4 h after breakfast) were collected from every patient and lipid profile including TG (triglyceride), TC (total cholesterol), HDL-C (high density lipoprotein cholesterol) and LDL-C (low density lipoprotein cholesterol) were measured in clinical laboratory.The results of two tests were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.Results The differences between non-fasting and fasting lipid test were +0.47 mmol/l (+30%) for TG,-0.03 mmol/l (-2.8%) for HDL-C,-0.09 mmol/l (-3%) for LDL-C and-0.24 mmol/l (-8.7%) for calculated LDL-C (P<0.001 respectively).The differenceswere +0.01 mmol/l for TC and +0.02 mmol/l for non-HDL-C,therefore no statistical difference was observed.When the TG level was stratified,the level of non-fasting LDL-C using directing test method was not significantly different between TG> 4.5 mmol/L and the whole (0.07 vs.0.09),but the level of non-fasting LDL-C using formula method wassignificantly different between TG> 4.5 mmol/L and the whole (0.66 Vs.0.24),andthe drops were 34.9% vs.8.7%.Conclusion Non-fasting lipid test could be an effective routine method for lipid evaluation in the hospitalized population.