A laboratory scale combination process of anaerobic baffled reactor(ABR) with sequencing batch reactor(SBR) for treatment of real dyeing wastewater was studied.The effects of operational conditions were investigated.The results demonstrated that removal rates of COD,colour and aniline were 32%~95%,89%~99% and 50%~98%,respectively,the effluents of COD were 30.0 ~97.1mg/L,colour were 8 ~40 times dilution ratio,concentration of aniline were 0.20 ~0.95 mg/L,which could meet the National Discharge Criteria(GradeⅠ) under the operational conditions of HRTs of 24~36 h,organic loading rates of 0.43 ~2.46 kg COD/(m~(3)?d),the influent pH values of 6.5~8.0,ambient temperatures of 20℃~35℃ at the ABR stage and DOs of 2 mg/L,reaction times of 3~10h,settle times of 2 h at the SBR stage.

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of Serissa serissoides.

METHODChemical constituents were isolated with the column chromatographic methods including silica gel and sephadex LH -20, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of their spectral and chemical evidences.

RESULTEight compounds were obtained and were identified as: palmitic acid (1), corosolic acid (2), daucosterol (3), urs-12-en-28-ol (4), oleanolic acid (5), uroslic acid (6), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid (7), and 2,6-dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone (8).

CONCLUSIONExcept compound 5, other seven compounds were found from the genus Serissa for the first time.

Chromatography, Gel ; methods ; Palmitic Acid ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rubiaceae ; chemistry ; Sitosterols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Triterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo analysis the relationship among cytogenetics, morphology and prognosis of the myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients.

METHODSCytogenetics analysis of bone marrow cells was performed by direct method and/or 24 h culture method. The karyotype was analysed by R banding technique.

RESULTSOut of the 50 MDS patients, 22 were found with abnormal karyotype: two of them were +8, four of them were -7, four of them were 5q-, nine of them were 7q-, two of them were 20q- and one of them was 6q-. There are six patients had complex changes in chromosome.

CONCLUSION5q-, -7, 7q- are the most classic translocation in the MDS. The patients with 5q- have better prognosis and the patients with -7, 7q- have worse prognosis. Cytogenetics is very important in the MDS's diagnosis, progress and prognosis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7 ; Female ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; genetics ; Prognosis

A patient with skin rash, skin denudation, anuria, general dropsy and dyspnea for unknown etiology underwent continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) for 3 consecutive days. The biochemical indexes were monitored during the therapy and biopsy was performed on the right thigh. Pathological examination of the biopsy sample established the diagnosis of polymyositis(PM) and dermatomyositis(DM). After the start of CRRT, the patient's heart, liver, kidney and lung injuries showed obvious improvement, and the urine volume (UV) increased and serum creatinine (Cr), urea, total bilirubin (TBIL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels all decreased promptly. The patient showed progressive improvement of the physiological condition even after CRRT, and was discharged 10 days later. This case suggests the efficacy of CRRT in the management of severe PM/DM and its value as a good option for treatment of severe autoimmune disease, especially systemic inflammatory response syndrome.
Adult ; Dermatomyositis ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Polymyositis ; therapy ; Renal Replacement Therapy ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo explore the prevalence of IDH gene (IDH1 and IDH2) mutations, types of mutations in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), correlation with the internal tandem duplication(ITD) mutation of FLT3 gene, NPM1 gene mutation and some clinical characteristics.

METHODSThe mutations of IDH1 and IDH2 gene at exon 4, NPM1 gene at exon 12 and FLT3-ITD at exon 14 and 15 in 163 newly diagnosed AML patients were detected by PCR amplification followed by direct sequencing of genomic DNA.

RESULTS(1) IDH mutations were found in 25 patients (25/163), and all were heterozygous, of which IDH1 in 7 patients (4.29%) and IDH2 in 18 (11.04%). A total of 4 types of IDH1 mutations were identified (c.395G→A, p.R132H, n = 4; c.394C→A, p.R132S, n = 1; c.394C→G, p.R132G, n = 1; c.315C→T, n = 1). The IDH1 mutation caused substitutions of residue R132 except for one (c.315C→T). All IDH2 mutations caused changes of R140 (c.419G→A, p.R140Q, n = 18). The incidence of IDH2 mutation was significantly higher than that of IDH1 mutation (11.0% v 4.3%, P = 0.022). Both IDH1 and IDH2 mutation were detected in one patient, while IDH1 was synonymous substitution (c.315C→T). IDH-mutated cases showed a significantly higher frequency of concurrent FLT3-ITD mutation compared with wildtype cases (34.6% vs 11.9%, P = 0.003), so did IDH mutations concurrent NPM1 mutation vs NPM1 wildtype (28.1% vs 12.7%, P = 0.033), of which the frequency of concurrent NPM1 and FLT-ITD mutations cases with the IDH mutation was significantly higher than that of NPM1 and FLT-ITD negative (45.5% vs 11.7%, P = 0.002). IDH mutation incidence was significantly higher in normal karyotype cases than in abnormal ones (20.5% vs 5.8%, P = 0.020). Patients with IDH mutations were significantly older than wildtype patients(P < 0.001), whereas, there were no statistically significant differences in gender, peripheral blood (PB) count at diagnosis between two groups.

CONCLUSIONSThe incidence of IDH mutation is higher in patients with de novo AMLs, of which IDH2 mutation more frequently, and the patients associated with older age, normal karyotype at diagnosis. IDH mutation has a strong association with NPM1 and FLT3-ITD mutations, suggesting that IDH mutation has synergistic effect with the latter gene on leukemogenesis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase ; genetics ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of oxaliplatin on human multiple myeloma cell line RPMI-8226 and its mechanism. The proliferation inhibitory rate of RPMI8226 cells was assayed by MTT, the morphological changes of RPMI-8226 cells were observed by inverted fluorescent microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, the apoptosis rate and the cell cycle distribution of RPMI-8226 cells were detected by flow cytometry, The effects of oxaliplatin on the expression of Bcl-2, caspase-8, caspase-3 mRNA were tested by RT-PCR, Bcl-2 protein expression of RPMI-8226 cells was analyzed by Western blot. The results showed that oxaliplatin could inhibit the proliferation of RPMI-8226 cells in time and dose-dependent manners. Cell number in oxaliplatin group was significantly less than that in control group under light microscope, and the growth arrangement was irregular, apoptotic cells could be seen. Under electron microscope, typical apoptotic morphological and ultrastructural changes could be observed. Flow cytometry results showed that oxaliplatin could induce apoptosis of RPMI-8226 cells, the difference have statistical significance (P < 0.05). Oxaliplatin mainly arrested RPMI-8226 cells in the S phase (P < 0.05). The expression of Bcl-2 mRNA did not have apparent change, while the expression of caspase-8, caspase-3 mRNA increased (P < 0.05). Western blot results suggested that the expression of Bcl-2 protein had no obvious change. It is concluded that the oxaliplatin can induce apoptosis of RPMI-8226 cells, activating the death receptor pathway and arresting cell cycle may be two of the related mechanisms, Bcl-2 gene has unobservable effects in the process of oxaliplatin-induced cell apoptosis.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 8 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of docetaxel on proliferation and apoptosis of multiple myeloma cell line RPMI8226 and its mechanism. The inhibitory rate of multiple myeloma cells was detected by MTT, the morphological and ultrastructural changes of RPMI8226 cells were observed by using inverted fluorescent microscope and transmission electron microscope, the apoptosis-inducing effect of docetaxel on RPMI-8226 cells was determined by flow cytometry with Annexin-V FITC/PI staining, the cell distribution in cell cycle of RPMI-8226 cells was assayed using flow cytometry with PI staining; the effect of docetaxel on expression of BCL-2, caspase-8, caspase-3 mRNA was detected by semiquantitative RT-PCR, the expression changes of BCL-2 protein in RPMI-8226 cells before and after treatment with docetaxel were measured by using Western blot. The results indicated that 0.25 - 8.0 µg/ml docetaxel obviously inhibited the proliferation of RPMI-8226 cells in both time- and dose-dependent manners. Cell number of docetaxel-treated group was significantly less than control group under inverted fluorescent microscope, and the cell arrangement was irregular, necrotic cells could be seen occasionally. By transmission electron microscope, the morphological and ultrastructural changes of cell typical apoptosis could be observed, a few necrotic cells could be captured, too. Compared with control group, docetaxel induced the apoptosis of RPMI-8226 cell line (P < 0.01). Docetaxel mainly arrested RPMI-8226 cells in the G(2)/M phase (P < 0.01). The expression of BCL-2 mRNA decreased (P < 0.05), while the mRNA expression of caspase-8 and caspase-3 increased (P < 0.05). Western blot indicated that BCL-2 protein expression also decreased (P < 0.05). It is concluded that docetaxel can inhibit the proliferation of RPMI-8226 cells by inducing cell apoptosis. Activation of the mitochondrial and death receptor pathways of apoptosis may be involved in the docetaxel-induced apoptosis, cell cycle arrest may also play an important role in the apoptosis mechanism.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 8 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Taxoids ; pharmacology

Objective To retrospectively analyze the characteristics of events of bus on fire in 6 years in the mainland of China.Methods Events of bus on fire happened between January 2009 and December 2014 were retrieved through Baidu search engine,Chinese Journals Full-text Database,and PubMed database in the search strategy with " bus" and " fire" or " arson" as keywords combined with the name of provinces,autonomous regions,and municipalities of the mainland of China.The occurrence time,region,cause of fire,casualties of each event were recorded,and the correlative analysis was conducted.Data were processed with Microsoft Excel software.Results Totally 287 events of bus on fire were retrieved,among which 49 events happened in 2009,36 events happened in 2010,35 events happened in 2011,37 events happened in 2012,and respectively 65 events happened in 2013 and 2014.The events of bus on fire most frequently happened in June and July,respectively 49 and 39 events.Among the distribution of occurrence regions of events of bus on fire,there were 78 events (27.18％) in east China,52 events (18.12％) in northeast China,41 events (14.29％) both in north China and south China.Among the causes of events of bus on fire,spontaneous combustion of bus ranked in the first (267 events,accounting for 93.03％),followed by arson (13 events,accounting for 4.53％).Among the 13 events of bus on fire caused by arson,7 events happened between 16:00 and 20:00,and 3 events happened between 8:00 and 10:00.Totally 27 events of bus on fire (9.41％) were with casualties,among which 13 events (48.15％)were caused by spontaneous combustion of bus,10 events (37.04％) were caused by arson,and 4 events (14.81％) were caused by traffic accidents.Arson caused the most severe casualties (at least 88 deaths and 287 injuries),followed by spontaneous combustion of bus (at least 35 deaths and 140 injuries) and traffic accidents (at least 9 deaths and 20 injuries).Conclusions Events of bus on fire happened more frequently in recent years in the mainland of China,and the frequencies were much higher especially in June and July.Most events were caused by spontaneous combustion of bus,followed by arson.Most of the events of bus on fire caused by arson happened in the morning and evening rush hours of urban traffic,and althouth the occurrence rate was not high,the casualties were most severe.

With the increasingly more serious environmental pollution in China in recent years, effective intervention with PM25-induced health risks has become a major scientific issue to be addressed urgently in medical research field in China. NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are a family of cytoplasmic pattern-recognition receptors that have critical roles in innate immunity. On the basis of study progresses in international cardiovascular disease research "Fine particulate matter exposure is a modifiable risk factor for the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases", and with reference to the current understanding of pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress in PM2.5-induced acute coronary syndrome, this study intended to investigate whether intracellular pattern recognition NL-RP3 plays a important role in the inital event of PM2.5 induced vessel inflammation as a foreign matter in the process of plaque destabilization and to thoroughly explore the underlying mechanisms responsible for PM2.5-induced acute cardiovascular events. On the other hand, it also studies the feasibility of using traditional Chinese medicine to treat plaque destabilization cause by PM2.5 exposure and discuss it's pathogenesis and intervention strategy based on TCM theory. This paper in order to provide scientific basis for social focal issues in public health proactively and offers the references for relevant research.
Air Pollutants ; toxicity ; Animals ; Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Particulate Matter ; toxicity ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; mortality

Objective To understand the awareness of AIDS related knowledge, high risk behaviors, the infection status of HIV, syphilis and HSV-2, and to explore the associated factors with HSV-2 infection among whoremasters in Kaiyuan City, so as to provide scientific evidence for targeted intervention to prevent and control HIV and other STDs. Methods A self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted among whoremasters recruited through outreach activities and snowball sampling. The blood and urine were also collected for corresponding laboratory examination. Results Among the whoremasters, 98.22% had a high awareness of AIDS related knowledge, 9.33% once used drugs, and 14.67% did not use a condom during the latest commercial sex. 62.22% of the whoremasters ever had non-marital sex partners, and of those who had sex with non-marital sex partners in the past year, 59.55% reported using condoms inconsistently. The total infection rate of HIV/syphilis/HSV-2 was 18.22% and the infection rates of HIV, syphilis and HSV-2 were 3.11%, 1.33% and 16.44%, respectively. The older whoremasters were more likely to have a higher HSV-2 infection rate (AOR=1.044,95%CI:1.016-1.073,P=0.002), and those whoremasters not using a condom during the latest commercial sex were more likely to have a higher HSV-2 infection rate (AOR=3.125,95%CI:1.229-7.945,P=0.017). Conclusions Though whoremasters in Kaiyuan City had a high awareness of AIDS related knowledge, they had high-risk behaviors and relatively high HIV and other STDs infection rates. Targeted interventions are needed to improve the risk awareness of STDs infection to promote consistent condom use in both commercial and non-marital sexual behaviors among whoremasters.