Quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) technology has significant advantages in quantification due to its simple sample processing and high reproducibility. Two-dimensional qNMR analysis, which can solve the quantification problem of different components in complex systems, has gradually been applied in medicine, food, metabonomics, chemical engineering, and other fields. This paper reviews the analysis methods, influencing factors, experimental optimization, application fields, and other aspects of qNMR to promote its wide and effective application.

AIM: This paper, starting from the perspective of "human beings' living world", tries to reveal the historical epoch premise of mental health and redefines the criteria of mental health by "harmonization of human beings'relationships".METHODS: Sorting out the criteria of mental health by studying a large numbers of literatures.RESULTS: Four kinds of harmonious relationships in human beings' living world are disclosed, namely, the symbiosis of man and nature, the interaction between man and man, the integration of human beings and their egos, and the signification of mental health by inosculating man and "god".CONCLUSION: Grasping the real philosophical connotation of mental health to focus on human beings' realistic life quality through "the fashion of man".

Objective · To investigate the effects of ox-LDL on the proliferation of rat theca cells and expression of LXR-α and StAR, two genes associated with androgen biosynthesis. Methods · The expression of LXR-α in the ovarian tissue of rats was determined by immunohistochemistry. Primary theca cells were isolated and collected from rat ovary and cultured in vitro. Furthermore, the theca cells were treated with 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, 300 and 400 mg/L ox-LDL, respectively. The variations in LXR-α mRNA were identified using real-time PCR. MTT assay was performed to detect cell viability. The expression of LXR-α and StAR was measured by Western blotting analysis. Results · The effect of ox-LDL on the proliferation of rat theca cells and the levels of LXR-α and StAR in theca cells was in a concentration-dependent manner. Following exposure to various concentration of ox-LDL for 24 h, the proliferation of theca cells was induced by low concentration of ox-LDL (25-150 mg/L), and 100 mg/L ox-LDL showed the most significant inducing effect. Moreover, the cell survival rate was diminished considerably following with ox-LDL concentration increasing, especially lowered by 400 mg/L ox-LDL. The mRNA level of LXR-α was increased with low concentration of ox-LDL (25-150 mg/L) and the impact of ox-LDL on the induced expression of LXR-α mRNA was considerably distinct at the concentration of 150 mg/L. On the other hand, the expression of LXR-α mRNA was reduced with high concentration of ox-LDL, and the impact of 400 mg/L ox-LDLwas substantially distinct. The protein expression levels of LXR-α and StAR were increased with 150 mg/L ox-LDL, but StAR protein level in 150 mg/L ox-LDL group revealed no significant difference when compared with control group. The expression of LXR-α and StAR protein was significantly inhibited with 400 mg/L ox-LDL in the rat theca cells. Conclusion · Low concentrations of ox-LDL can induce the proliferation of theca cells, and promote the expression of StAR and LXR-α. Whereas, high concentrations of ox-LDL can reduce the cell viability and inhibit the expression of StAR and LXR-α.

Objective To investigate the complications associated with wearing soft corneal contact lens. Methods This study involved 120 patients (205 eyes) wearing soft corneal contact lens from January 2004 to February 2005. The examination included eyesight, slit lamp, corneal fluorescein staining, break-up time of tear film before final diagnosis. Results There were 30 eyes of simple conjunctival congestion, 42 eyes of macropapillary conjunctivitis, 86 eyes of xerophthalmia, 62 eyes of keratopathy and 21 eyes of ciliary congestion and forming of new vessels. Conclusions Many complications such as simple conjunctival congestion, macropapillary conjunctivitis, xerophthalmia et al will be caused by wearing soft corneal contact lens. This indicates that wearing soft corneal contact lens should be strictly controlled and patients should be followed-up regularly.

Based on research of the Accreditation Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (ACAOM), the National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (NCCAOM) and the related public websites of acupuncture educational institutions, the first hand information was studied, summarized and sorted on the status quo of the educational qualification or the relative authentication of education programs of ACAOM as well as the status of professional qualification and examination of NCCAOM. The education curriculum of the Master degree of Acupuncture, Master degree of Oriental Medicine Science as well as the Doctor degree of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine were also introduced in this article including student enrollment and graduation in recent years. The developing tendency of the federal unified acupuncture education, management, professional qualification and examination system of U. S. A. were discussed and analyzed as well.
Acupuncture ; education ; manpower ; organization & administration ; Acupuncture Therapy ; standards ; Certification ; Humans ; United States

Objective To investigate the role of Stat1 in pathological process of nerve cells apoptosis induced by diffuse axonal injury (DAI) on rats. MethodsThe DAI model was established by using an injury model adapted from Marmarou et al. in 1994. All animals were divided into three groups, including control group, mock group and test group sacrificed on 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 120 and 240 hours post injury (hpi). The paraffin-embedded sections of brain tissue were processed for HE staining and Bielschowsky’s silver method. Cell apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry and the expression of bax and bcl-2 were analyzed by RT-PCR. And Phospho-Ser727 Stat1 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in different brain regions. ResultsThere was no brain contusion within HE staining, however, waving and enlargement of axons were observed within Bielschowsky’s silver method. The apoptotic rate of brain cells as well as PCR products ratio of bax to bcl-2 was highest at 24 hpi and decreased with time. An up-regulation of Phospho-Ser727 Stat1 at 6 hpi was discernible, and then reached the top at 24 hpi in cortex, cerebellum, brain stem and corpus callosum, and at 12 hpi in hippocampus. This increase was associated with the nerve cells apoptosis, r=0.921. In addition, the Phospho-Ser727 Stat1 positive cells were neurons and glial cells assessed from morphous. ConclusionsOur data indicate that Stat1 may contribute to the apoptosis of DAI on rats. In addition, the expression of Phospho-Ser727 Stat1 in glial cells suggested that glial cells may play an important role in the pathogenic mechanism of DAI.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Diaphragm ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Respiratory Paralysis ; pathology ; therapy

Objective To construct the eukaryotic expression vector of pprI gene from Deinococcus radiodurans R1 and investigate its radioresistant effects in eukaryotic cells.Methods A recombinant vector pEGFP-c1-pprI was constructed by DNA recombinant technique.The empty vector pEGFP-c1 and the pEGFP-c1-pprI were transferred into human lung epithelial cells Beas-2B by LipofectamineTM 2000,respectively.Then the infected cells were screened in order to develop a cell line with stable expression of pprI gene.Cell survival rate was tested by clone-forming assay.Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were detected by a flow cytometry.The fluorescence intensity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed by a fluorescent microscope.γ-H2AX foci in the irradiated cell was detected by immunofluorescence.Results The eukaryotic expression plasmid of pprI prokaryotic gene was constructed and PprI fusion protein was expressed in human lung epithelial cells successfully,and the cell line (2BG) with a stable pprI gene expression was established.After irradiation,the cell survival fraction of 2BG cells was significantly higher than Beas-2B cells so that the value of D0 、Dq and N of the survival curve were increased.Moreover,the fluorescence intensity of ROS and the number of γ-H2AX foci in 2BG cells were also lower than those of B eas-2B cells(F =16.73,19.47,6.94,P ＜ 0.05).Between these two cell lines,the apoptosis rate and cell cycle G2 arrest also had significant difference (F =139.73,237.92,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The pprI gene from Deinococcus radiodurans RI can be stably expressed in the eukaryotic cells and it allows the transferred cells to have a radioresistant function.

Objective To investigate the protective function and mechanism of microRNA-1 (miR-1) downregula-tion in H2O2 injured cardiomyocytes. Methods The experiment was divided into 4 groups:Blank group, Negative Control group (NC), H2O2 group and H2O2+AS-miR-1 group. Cells in blank group were not underwent any treatment. Cells in NC group were transfected with random miRNA fragment. H2O2 and H2O2+AS-miR-1 groups were defined as H2O2 injured car-diomyocytes without or with transfected antisense miR-1 oligonucleotide(AS-miR-1). Real time PCR was used to test miR-1 transcription level, and cell vitality and apoptosis were analyzed by MTT and flow cytometry. The target gene of miR-1 was predicted by bioinformatics, then its mRNA transcription and protein expression level of Bcl-2 were detected by real time PCR and western blot respectively. Results There is no significant difference of all index between Blank group and NC group. H2O2 can induce cardiomyocyte injury, increase miR-1 level and rise apoptosis rate, reduce cell vitality and de-crease Bcl-2 expression level. Transfection of AS-miR-1 can decrease cell apoptosis, increase cell vitality and enhance Bcl-2 expression level. Conclusion Downregulation of microRNA-1 can protect cardiomyocytes that was injured by H2O2 through increasing anti-apoptosis factor Bcl-2 expression.

Objective:This paper designs to analyze compensation patterns and compensation effects of cata-strophic disease insurance in L City, and put forward feasible suggestions to improve the compensation patterns of cat-astrophic disease insurance. Methods:We combined the relevant policy documents to analyze compensation patterns, and used benefit rate, OOP and The effective reimbursement rate to analyze compensation effects of catastrophic dis-ease insurance. Results:Catastrophic disease insurance benefit rate in L city in 2013 was 3. 2%; Rates of NCMS fund unilization was 92%, which diversed from county to county. Patients' OOP decreased significantly after reim-bursement of catastrophic disease insurance;Catastrophic disease insurance and NCMS total effective reimbursement rate reached 84.8%;The NCMS compensation rate reached 68. 9%, while fund incurred a financial deficit at the same time. Conclusion:Set deductibles, compensation rate and compensation range scientifically, and cancel ceiling level,improve the program of catastrophic disease insurance. Take measures to reduce the unfair between the districts and counties at city level. Establish effective link-up between catastrophic disease insurance and NCMS.