Group B Streptococcus ( GBS) is a conditional pathogenic bacteria related to late-term abortion, premature delivery, premature rupture of membranes, perinatal infection, neonatal sepsis and other diseases.Prevention and treatment guidelines by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC) suggest that all the pregnant women at 35-37 gestational weeks should screen for GBS .The detection methods for GBS include microbiology , immunology, molecular biology, etc.The appropriate method should be chosen depending on circumstances .Penicillin is recommended for the preventive treatment of GBS , and the treatment for the insensitive should base on the antibiotic susceptibility results .No vaccine against GBS is currently available for clinical use .

Objective To evaluate the effect of alpha-lipon and Chinese medicine on diabetic peripheral neuropathy.Methods Sixty patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy were randomly divided into two groups.The treatment group were treated with alpha-lipon 600 mg/day by intravenous drip and 150 ml Chinese medicine twice daily for two weeks.The control group were treated with alpha-lipon 600 mg daily for two weeks.All patients were evaluated with TSS score and quantitative sensory tests before and after the treatment.Results There were significant differences on the conduction velocities of the tibial nerve((44.36 ±4.05) m/s vs (51.53 ± 4.76) rm/s ; t =9.6 ; P ＜ 0.01),the peroneal nerve ((43.87 ± 3.81) m/s vs (48.46 ±3.91) m/s;t =8.7;P＜0.01) and the sural nerve (42.31 ±5.05) m/s vs (47.76±5.06) m/s;t =7.9;P＜0.01) in the treatment group before and after treatment.For the control group,only significant differences on the conduction velocities of the tibial nerve ((44.78 ± 5.51) m/s vs.(46.18 ± 5.76) m/s ;t =3.5 ;P ＜ 0.01) and the sural nerve (40.76 ±5.86) m/s vs.(43.71 ±5.91) m/s;t =4.2;P ＜0.01) were observed before and after treatment.There was no sigfinicant difference found on the conduction velocities of the peroneal nerve ((44.48 ± 5.21) m/s vs (44.02 ± 5.71) m/s; t =2.7 ; P ＞ 0.05).Compared with the control group,the treatment group had more significant improvement of the conduction velocities of the tibial nerve (t =6.1 ; P ＜0.01),the peroneal nerve(t =4.8 ;P ＜ 0.01) and the sural nerve (t =5.4 ; P ＜ 0.01) after treatment for two weeks.The effective rate was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (80％ (24/31)vs 60％ (18/30) ;x2 =5.01 ;P ＜ 0.05).No patients had severe drug side reaction.Conclusion Treatment of alpha-lipon combined Chinese medicine on patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy is safe and effective.

ObjectiveTo discuss the clinical value of mechanical ventilation in treatment the children with critical hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) complicated with neurogenic pulmonary edema.MethodsThe clinical manifestations,laboratorydata,treatment,and outcome of 35 children with critical HFMD complicated with neurogenic pulmonary edema were retrospectively analyzed.Results35 cases had fever,34 cases had skin rash,33 cases had limb jitter,30 cases were easily frightened,30 cases lack of energy,34 cases had respiratory rhythm changes,18 cases vomited foam,18 cases poured pink in nose and mouth,22 cases had disturbance of consciousness,8 cases had flaccid paralysis.There were 30 cases with bilateral pulmonary exudative lesions in Chest X-ray.35 children were given mechanical ventilation based on the comprehensive treatment,and 3 cases of lower limb mobility impairments,12 cases died of pulmonary hemorrhage within 24 hours of admission,the rest was released.ConclusionEarly mechanical ventilation based on the comprehensive treatment is an important measure of successful treatment in children with critical HFMD complicated with neurogenic pulmonary edema.

It has been well established that interactions between CD40 and CD40L,expressed in a variety of cell types including platelets,vascular endothelial cells,and immune cells,are actively involved in the development of glomerulonephritis,lupus nephritis,and the other kidney disease caused by immunological and unimmunological factors,and that tubular cells expression of CD40 was correlated well with the degree of tubulointerstitial inflammation and injury.The development of therapeutic strategies specifically accommodating CD40/CD40L seem promising against renal glomerular disease.The paper reviews the new advances in this

Since recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) was licensed for growth hormone deficiency(GHD) in 1985,it has been available in short stature associated with Turner syndrome (TS),being born small for gestational age,idiopathic short stature,chronic renal insufficiency in the last 20 years.The overall safety profile of rhGH continues to be favorable,but careful monitoring for the presence of certain conditions is important both during and after therapy.Reasonable indication,time of therapy and dosage are important to obtain the ideal result and save the expense.Besides,the efforts to improve rhGH therapy and increase compliance have also led to the investigation of extended-release rhGH and less invasive administration routes.Recent advances in the treatment of rhGH are reviewed in details.

Objective:To further investigate the effects of three kinds of material on the level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Methods:The anterior teeth and the premolar teeth of 30 patients were divided into three groups randomly for Co-Cr alloy PFM, Ti PFM and all ceramic crown. Before tooth preparation, 1, 3 and 6 months after cementation, GCF was collected at the same sites. The levels of AST and ALP were detected by automated chemical analyzer, and analyzed the variation between the pre-restoration and post-restoration. Results:Before tooth preparation and 1 month after cementation, all indexes showed no difference among three groups. The level of GCF, AST and ALP of Co-Cr alloy group showed conspicuous difference with Ti PFM and all ceramic crowns after 3 months and 6 months. However, the levels of GCF, AST and ALP of Ti PFM group showed no difference with all ceramic crowns. Conclusion:Co-Cr based PFM crowns which clinically accepted have lead to changes of the levels of GCF, AST and ALP. Co-Cr based PFM crowns have negative influences on periodontal tissue. The Ti PFM and all ceramic crown may affect periodontium less than the Co-Cr PFM in observation period of this study.

Several multi-gene assays have been developed to predict the risk of recurrence in patients with early-stage, estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer. Among them, Oncotype DX 21-gene assay is widely applied among node-negative patients because of its unique prediction of therapeutic benefit. Although many retrospective stud-ies have proved its prognostic and predictive value in node-positive population, evidence from large prospective clinical trials remains insufficient. When combined with clinicopathological variables, the assay has been shown to impact adjuvant treatment decision making in a cost-effective manner. This article reviewed the available clinical evidence for the prognostic and predictive value, unique advantages, the effect on treatment decision making, cost-effectiveness and contradictories of 21-gene assay in early-stage luminal breast cancer patients.

Objective To establish a method for the identification of Rhizoma Alismatis. Methods HPLC combined with evaporation light scattering detector(ELSD) was applied. Chromatographic column was Macherey-Nagel C18(250 mm?4 mm,10 ?m),acetonitrile -water (4 ∶1) used as mobile phase,flow rate 0.5 mL/min,gas flow rate of ELSD 2.25 L/min and the temperature of drift tube at 70 ℃. Results In the extraction of the authentic Rhizoma Alismatis,both alisol A24-acetate and alisol B23-acetate could be estimated;in the extraction of Rhizoma Alismatis from the market,the alisol A24-acetate could be estimated only;and only alisol B23-acetate could be estimated in the extraction of the standard powder of Rhizoma Alismatis. Conclusion The method is efficient,practical and easy to operate for detecting and identifying Rhizoma Alismatis.

Target-oriented drug delivery systems(TODDS) of Chinese materia medicia(CMM) is ascribed as preparations in which active fractions or single ingredient extracted from CMM or natural medicines are directly delivered with the help of different carriers to target organs,target tissues,and target cells or intracellula.Recent advances of research on TODDSs of CMM classified according to carriers,such as liposomes,microspheres,nanocapsules,and emulsions are reviewed.In addition,due to the specific actions of CMM on intestinal diseases,oral colon targeting drug delivery system is considered substantials for TODDSs of CMM.Domestic researches on TODDS of CMM in its initial stage are limited to formulations using single natural active ingredient as raw material.While the fewer TODDSs using CMM active fractions or formula recipes are underway,which relates to the tremendous difficulties in both establishment of quality standard for CMM active fractions and technology for preparation of CMM.Nevertheless one of the important goals for the development on preparation of CMM is TODDS.