Objective:To explore the role of 6-CYANO-2,3-DIHYDROXY-7-NITROQUIN OXALINE (CNQX) in different types of synapse secretion.Methods:The spontaneous mEPSCs and eEPSCs at different extracellular concentrations of CNQX in cultured cortical or hippocampal neurons were recorded respectively.Results:The half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of CNQX in evoked neurotransmitter release was significantly higher than that of spontaneous release,indicating that the spontaneous neurotransmitter release was more sensitive to CNQX.No apparent difference was observed between cortical and hippocampal cells,suggesting that the blocking effect of CNQX was similar in different brain regions.Conclusion:CNQX might have differential regulating mechanisms between excitatory spontaneous and evoked neurotransmitter release,but without brain regions specificity.

Erythromelalgia ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Mercury Poisoning ; complications ; Middle Aged

Objective To investigate the status of self-care ability and cognition among disabled elderly,and to analyze the relationship between self-care ability and cognition,then analyze their influencing factors.Methods A total of 813 disabled elderly accepted long-term care at community or facility were recruited by stratified sampling method and investigated by socio-demographic questionnaire,activities of daily living and short portable mental status questionnaire.Results The total scores of self-care ability of the long-term care disabled was 32.01±11.59,and the total points of cognition was 3.77±3.24.Disabled elderly with severe disorders of self-care ability had a higher obstacle rate in every cognition ability than those with mild disabilities (P＜0.001).There were differences in orientation and memory function with different persistent disabled time (x2 =11.875,14.758,P＜0.01).Disabled elderly with cognition obstacles have a higher obstacle rate in every self-care aspect than those with normal cognition (P＜0.01).The multiple regression analysis showed that the educational level (β=-0.067),arital status (β=-0.071),disabled persistence time (β=0.121),orientation ability (β=0.403),the amount of cognition obstacles (β=0.443) were the influence factors of Basic Activities of Daily Living(BADL) among disabled elderly ; and disabled persistence time (β=0.116),orientation ability (β=0.417),recalled ability (β=0.275),memorial ability (β=0.189),calculative ability (β=0.257),the amount of cognition obstacles (β=0.358) were the important factors influence Instrumental Activities of Daily Living(IADL).Conclusion The self-care ability and cognition of the long-term care elderly were declining sharply,and influencing each other.It is advisable to offer them direct long-term care service combined with the laws and characteristics of cognition and self-care ability.

Objective To carry out the urban community residents satisfaction investigation and analyze the present situation of public service of medical institutions,to discuss under the new situation,the development of medi-cal and health innovation mechanism,thus to meet the multi -level and diverse people health services demand. Methods Random stratified sampling of Qingdao city community residents,1 430 people,adopted the method of the questionnaire about the present situation of public hospital and community health service center and the satisfaction was investigated.Results Of Qingdao city community residents,1 430 people chose to large public hospital patients (65.8%),community health service centers (37.3%).In a large public hospital from visits to the end,took at least half a day to account for 69.5%,more than a day (18.7%);Unreasonable process part (45.2%),such as hospital formalities complex,paper take inconvenient,medical guide was too little,expert outpatient service limit number,to see the doctor for a long time,adjust time was shorter,the doctor for the patient and the lack of patience,etc.The process was reasonable and convenient accounted for 40.0%.Think of large public hospital service attitude,subject to further improvement accounted for 58.2%;Think good service attitude,the very satisfied accounted for 30.7%.Think that community health service center service attitude good,very satisfied accounted for 43.2%;Think the service attitude in general,efficiency was 37.9%.96.1% of the respondents believed that society should form a public -private joint diversified do medical pattern,provided residents with various preferential policies.98.4% of the respondents expected countries to optimize the medical service resources allocation,promoted resources with high quality and the countryside in poor areas.Conclusion At present,most of the patients choose to large public hospital,process and service attitude is the key of the need to improve.Large public hospitals and community health service center should strengthen the cooperation and formation mechanism of innovation and development,and make the patients more options,so as to get better medical service quality.

Adult ; Electromagnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Immunity ; radiation effects ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Railroads

Objective To explore the diagnosis and surgical treatment of pulmonary sequestration.Methods 12 patients of pulmonary sequestration were retrospectively studied.Results Between January 2002 and December 2005 12 patients with pulmonary sequestration were operated in our department.8 patients were diagnosed preoperatively by chest enhanced CT which showed an abnormal feeding artery.4 patients were misdiagnosed.10 cases of intralobar were performed lobectomy,2 cases of extralobar were resected the separated lung tissue.No death occurred in our group.Conclusion Enhanced CT scan is a major diagnostic method of pulmonary sequestration and operation can obtain excellent results.

Objective To explore the effects of beraprost sodium (BPS) on angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ)-induced podocyte apoptosis and the relationship between BPS and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor δ(PPARδ). Methods Differentiated mouse podocytes were exposed to AngⅡ, further treated with BPS (or GSK0660) for 24 h. Podocyte apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and AnnexinV-FITC staining. Bax , Bcl-2 and PPARδ mRNA were assessed by RT-PCR. Results AngⅡ promoted podocyte apoptosis and Bax mRNA expression significantly, down-regulated Bcl-2 and inhibited PPARδ mRNA (P < 0.05). Conversely, treatment with BPS reduced AngⅡ-induced podocyte apoptosis and Bax mRNA expression and promoted Bcl-s expression significantly resulting in an increase of PPARδ mRNA expression (P < 0.05). With the inhibition of PPARδ, podocyte apoptosis and Bax mRNA expression increased while Bcl-2 mRNA expression reduced. Conclusion BPS can effectively reduce AngⅡ-induced podocyte apoptosis , which is associated with the activation of PPARδand regulation of Bcl-2/Bax mRNA expression.

Objective To analyze the clinical and radiographic characterstics of ureteral polyps with hydronephrosis in children.Methods Thirteen patients with ureteral polyps and hydronephrosis were studied retrospectively.All patients underwent abdominal plain film,intravenous pyelogram(IVP)and ultrasound(US)examinations,contrast-enhanced CT scan was performed in 10 cases.Results Intermittent or recurrent abdominal pain with painless hematuria was presented in most cases.Hydronephrosis was demonstrated in radiographic images.IVP delineated the dilatation of the ureter and filling defects within the ureteral lumen in 5 cases.Computed tomography(CT)showed all abnormal changes of ureter and irregular intraluminal soft tissue masses in 6 cases.Moderate and low echoic structures were showed in ureters by US in 2 cases.Conclusion US and CT,as an important imaging modalities,can improve the diagnostic accuracy for ureteral polyps.

Atrophy ; Disability Evaluation ; Humans ; Kidney

Background Familial vitreous amyloidosis is a rare ocular regional amyloidosis,and it is a kind of autosomal dominant inheritance disease.Familial vitreous amyloidosis demonstrates a variable penetrance due to the mutation in the plasma thyroid hormone-binding protein transtheretin (TTR) gene.Many studies have reported over 100 types of TTR genetic mutation in Switzerland,Portugal and Japan,but rare in China.Objective This survey aimed to investigate the clinical and genetic mutation characteristics in familial vitreous amyloidosis.Methods Physical and eye examinations were performed on 52 family members of this vitreous amyloidosis family.Peripheral blood samples from 52 members were collected for TTR gene test by DNA extract,PCR amplification,clone,bolting and sequencing.Pars plana vitrectomy was firstly performed prior to the pathological examination of vitreous sample on 13 eyes of 8 members.Informed consent was obtained from each individual before any medical procedure.Results Seventeen members suffered from vitreous amyloidosis in this family without nervous system,heart,kidney and liver disease.Vitreous opacity was found in 34 eyes of the 17 members,and retinal vasculopathy was seen in 28 eyes of 15 members.In addition,cataract appeared in 16 eyes of 10 members.None of the members had glaucoma or ocular motility disorders.Congo red test of vitreous specimens showed a positive result in 13 eyes of 8 patients who received vitrectomy.Point mutation was verified on the 83th amine acid location of exon 3 (Gly83Arg) in TTR gene by gene sequencing.Conclusions Clinical characteristics of familial vitreous amyloidosis induced by TTR gene Arg-83 mutation is rate retinal vasculopathy without glaucoma,other ocular regional disease and systemic diseases.