Objective:To establish a method to determine ferrous succinate in ferrous succinate tablets .Methods:Ion chromatog-raphy was performed on an IonPac AG19(4 mm ×250 mm)anion exchange chromatography column with a guard column of Ion Pac TM AG19( 4 mm ×50 mm);30.00 mmol· L-1 KOH was used as the isocratic eluent at a flow rate of 1.00 ml· min-1 with suppressed conductivity detection ( Curb:75 mA) at the temperature of 30℃.The sample size was 25 μl .Results:The linear range of succinic acid was 2.005 1-25.064 0μg· ml-1(r=0.999 5).The detection limit and quantitation limit was 0.12ng and 0.42ng, respectively. The recovery was 101.45%(RSD=0.43%, n=6).Conclusion:The method is simple, rapid, accurate, reproducible and sensitive , and can be used to determine the ferrous succinate content in ferrous succinate tablets .

Objective:To establish a rapid HPLC testing method for chloroquine phosphate,hydroxychloroquine sulfate and amodiaquine hydrochloride.Methods:The chromatographic separation was performed on a GRACE prevail C18(53 mm×7 mm,3 μm)column,and the column temperature was maintained at 30℃.Acetonitrile-0.3% triethylamine acetonitrile solution (adjusting pH to 3.0 with phosphoric acid) (12∶88) was used as the mobile phase,the flow rate was 1.0 ml· min-1 and the UV detection wavelength was 254 nm.The qualitative research was performed using relative retention time and spectral similarity as the double indicators.The relative correction factor in the quantification analysis was used for the content determination.Results:Three anti-malarial drugs showed good behavior in one chromatographic system.The rapid HPLC testing analysis could be achieved.The qualitative research was more accurate by using the double indicators (UV spectral similarity and relative capacity factor).The HPLC qualitative accuracy was increased.The relative correction factor method for the quantification could effectively reduce the use of reference substances and speed up the analysis of HPLC.Conclusion:The method is rapid and simple,and suitable for the rapid determination of drugs.

AIM:To investigate peripapillary vessel density and its relationship with other ocular parameters in highly myopic eyes with peripapillary intrachoroidal cavitation (PICC), and to analyze risk factors for PICC.METHODS:Cross-sectional study.A total of 35 highly myopic eyes with PICC, 40 highly myopic eyes without PICC and 35 normal eyes were included in this study.All participants underwent fundus photography and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).OCT angiography was also performed to image the retinal vasculature in the peripapillary areas of different sectors, including the radial peripapillary capillaries (RPC) and optic nerve head (ONH) layer.The difference of morphology changes in optic disc and peripapillary vessel density between these three groups were compared.Correlations between peripapillary vessel density and PICC and risk factors for the presence of PICC were analyzed.RESULTS: Significant differences were found among the three groups in spherical equivalent refraction (SER), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), axial length, peripapillary atrophy β-zone (β-PPA) area, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and the presence of tilted optic disc, posterior staphyloma and myopic maculopathy (MMD) (P<0.05).There were significant differences among the three groups in the peripapillary vessel density both in RPC (54.34±5.58, 57.54±7.44, 64.42±3.50) and ONH (51.24±7.43, 52.75±9.96, 61.25±4.15) layers (P<0.001).In highly myopic eyes, vessel density was significantly lower in eyes with PICC than in those without in inferotemporal area both in the RPC (56.76±6.62,63.84±6.02,67.52±4.78) and ONH (56.47±5.79,60.38±4.72,64.18±4.37) layers.The vessel density was significantly correlated with the presence of MMD, β-PPA area and RNFL thickness in the RPC layer, whereas correlated with the presence of MMD, PICC and RNFL thickness in the ONH layer (P<0.05).Tilted optic disc and posterior staphyloma were independent risk factors for the presence of PICC (OR=8.007, 95%CI: 2.045-31.348;OR=7.558, 95%CI: 1.398-50.026).CONCLUSION:Highly myopic eyes with PICC had relatively lower peripapillary vessel densities, especially in the temporal area, than those without.Tilted optic disc and posterior staphyloma were independent risk factors for the presence of PICC.

Objective To assess the current status of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) towards antibiotic use among community residents in Hangzhou, and to explore the correlations among them. Methods A total of 449 permanent residents in Hangzhou were randomly selected using a multistage stratified random sampling method. Self-reported data on basic demographic factors, and relevant KAP information were collected by the questionnaire survey. Differences in KAP scores according to each demographic factor were assessed by the t test or ANOVA test, and AMOS 21.0 was used for the path analysis. Results Scores for knowledge, attitude and practice regarding antibiotic use were (6.17±2.45), (6.45±0.99) and (6.21±1.02) respectively. Results of the path analysis showed that education level and age had effects on the knowledge (coefficients: 0.57 and -0.38 respectively) . Age, gender and knowledge had effects on the attitude (coefficients: -0.27, 0.12 和 0.02 respectively), and attitudes, gender, monthly income and the level of education had effects on the practice (coefficients: 0.48、 0.37、 0.06 and 0.02 respectively) . Conclusion Community residents in Hangzhou lack relevant knowledge, and there are some irrational attitudes and practices regarding antibiotic use. There is a correlation between knowledge and attitudes, as well as between attitudes and practices, but the knowledge and practices are not correlated.

Human erythropoietin receptor (hEPOR) plays an important role in regulating the red blood cell production by promoting the proliferation and differentiation of RBC from erythroid precursors, hEpoR is a transmembrane protein, and its extrocellular domain (sEpoR) is of great importance in Epo signal transduction pathway. We cloned the gene of sEpoR by RT-PCR from the total RNA of human fetal liver and expressed it in E. coli after insertion of the gene in the expression vector pBV220. The cloned gene was confirmed by sequencing analysis and gene product was confirmed by both Western blot and its first 11 amino acid residues sequence of the N-terminal. In vitro bioassay showed that the purified gene product can repress the growth of TF-cells in the presence of Epo.

Animals ; Rats ; Specimen Handling ; methods ; Spinal Cord

To study the metabolite excretion of theophylline, a rapid and specific method by liquid chromatography with heated electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HESI/MS/MS) method for simultaneous determination of theophylline, 1, 3-dimethyluric acid (1,3-DMU), 3-methylxanthine (3-MX) and 1-methyluric acid (1-MU) in human urine was developed using theophylline-d6 and 5-fluorouracil as internal standards. Selected reaction monitoring (SRM) with heated electrospray ionization (HESI) was used in the negative mode for mass spectrometric detection. After diluted with methanol and centrifuged, the analytes and ISs were separated on a XDB-Phenyl (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) column with a mixture of water-methanol-formic acid (30 : 70 : 0.15) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.6 mL x min(-1). The linear calibration curves for theophylline, 1, 3-DMU, 3-MX and 1-MU were obtained in the concentration range of 1.0-250 microg x mL(-1), separately. The method herein described is effective and convenient, and can be used for determination of theophylline and its three metabolites. The results showed that urinary excretion ratio of theophylline, 1,3-DMU, 3-MX and 1-MU is approximately 1 : 3 : 1 : 2 in Chinese subjects, which is similar to the reported excretion pattern in Caucasian.
Administration, Oral ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Calibration ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; metabolism ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Tablets ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Theophylline ; metabolism ; urine ; Uric Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; urine ; Xanthines ; urine

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical outcomes of percutaneous intervertebral foramina endoscopic lumbar discectomy for elder patients with lumbar spinal stenosis syndrome.

METHODSFrom July 2006 to July 2011, 60 elder patients with lumbar spinal stenosis syndrome were treated with surgical operation, including 32 males and 28 females with an average age of (66.7 +/- 2.5) years old ranging from 72 to 83 years. These patients were divided into the traditional surgery group and percutaneous intervertebral foramina endoscopic discectomy groups (PTED group), 30 cases in each group. The index of the preoperative and postoperative, operative incision visual analogue scale (VAS) of two groups were compared. The Oswestry disability index (ODI) of two groups at 6, 24 months of the follow-up were also evaluated on activity of daily living.

RESULTSThe average operative time, the average blood loss, the number of cases using analgesic drug, hospitalization time of PTED group were better than those of the traditional surgery group (P < 0.05). The improvement of incision VAS in PTED group was better than that in the traditional surgery group (P < 0.05). All patients were followed up for 24 months at least. The ODI at 1, 24 month after operation were better than that of preoperative in two group respectively (P < 0.05), but the improvement of PTED group was better than that of the traditional surgery group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPTED has the advantages of smaller incision, less bleeding, less postoperative stay and hospitalization time, tissue trauma and quicker recovery. It is a safe and efficacious minimally invasive surgical technique for elder patients with lumbar spinal stenosis syndrome.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Decompression, Surgical ; Diskectomy, Percutaneous ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Spinal Stenosis ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

ObjectiveTo summarize the echocardiographic diagnosis, clinical classification and prognosis of different types of fetal congenital cardiac malformation (FCMH).MethodsThe echocardiography sonogram characteristics for 429 cases with FCMH were summarized and analyzed by pathological findings and postnatal following-up.ResultsThe incidence of FCMH was 1.3% (429/33 800). In one hundred and seventy-seven caese of single structure malformation, there were 5 cases of Atrial septal defect and 55 cases of interventricular septal defect (34.5%, 61/177). The others including (116 cases): 10 cases of single atrium and 34 cases of single ventricle, 20 cases of Ebstein’s anomaly, 11 cases of tricuspid atresia and 6 cases of pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular seprum, 20 cases of pulmonary stenosis, 10 cases of coarctation of aortic arch and 4 cases of interruption of aortic arch, 1 case of pulmonary artery sling. In two hundred and thirty-three cases of symphysic teratism, there were 41 cases of double-outllet right or left ventricle (17.5%, 41/233) and Tetralogy of Fallot (40 cases, 17.2%, 40/233). The others (152 cases) including: 16 cases of complete and 18 cases of corrected transposition of great arteries, 38 cases of atrioventricular septal defect, 30 cases of truncus arteriosus persistens, 8 cases of total and 10 cases of partial abnormal pulmonary venous drainage, 14 cases of hypoplastic right heart and 6 cases of left heart syndrome, 9 cases of pulmonary artery atresia with ventricular septal defect, 2 cases of plysplenia and 1 case of plenia syndrome. Nineteen cases of instructure cardiac anomalies including 16 cases of heart tumor and 3 cases of endocardial ifbroelastosis. Nine cases were missed diagnosis and 7 cases were misdiagnosis. A total of 136 cases couldn′t be cured with an unfavorable outcome. Nighty three cases with severe FCMH could be cured. Fifty four cases needed emergent treatment postnatal, and 146 cases with mild abnormality.ConclusionsFetal congenital malformation of heart diagnosed by antenatal echocardiography is valuable for guiding the clinical decision in prevetion and treatment it can also reduce perinatal mortality with congenital malformation of heart.

To control the quality of Humulus scandens, the quality standard was established in this study. According to the method recorded in the Appendix of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010 Edition) , the water and ash inspections were carried out. The component luteoloside and cosmosiin in Humulus scandens were identified and assayed by TLC and HPLC. The results showed a strong characteristics microscopic of Humulus scandens, and trichoromethane-methanol-formic acid (10: 3: 0. 3) as the mobile phase of TLC, the spots at 365 nm with a UV lamp was clear. The 16 batches of samples were analyzed by HPLC with a gradient elution of acetonitrile and phosphate solution (0.2%) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL · min(-1) and detected at 350 nm. The content of luteoloside was 0.015%- 0.651% (average 0.148%); the content of cosmosiin was 0.003%-0.118% (average 0.036%). The linear calibration curve of luteoloside and cosmosiin was acquired in the ranges of 0.011-0.364 g · L(-1) (r = 1.000 0) and 0.003-0.096 g · L(-1) (r = 1.000 0), respectively. The average recovery was 100.5% and 98.5%, respectively. The methods are convenient and reliable, which can be ap- plied for quality assessment of Humulus scandens.
China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; standards ; Humulus ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; Quality Control