BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) is a kind of stem cell with potential of self-repair and multi-differentiation. It may differentiate into neuron, adipose cell and osteoblasts.OBJECTIVE: To observe the transforming efficacy of human bone marrow mesencymal stem cells (hMSCs) into neurons in vitro in different generations so as to provide reliable experimental data for the clinical application of MSCs.DESIGN: Single sample was designed.SETTING: Department of Neurology, Sino-Japan Friendship Hospital,Jilin UniversityPARTICIPANTS: Marrow tissue was collected from 9 cases of spinal fusion in Department of Orthopedics of First Hospital affiliated to Jilin University. Of 9 cases, all of them were in known of the experiment.METHODS: The experiment was performed in Sino-Japan Hospital affiliated to Jilin University from September 2002 to February 2003. The primary and generative culture of hMSCs was given. Experimental and the control groups were divided.-mercaptoethanol was taken as inducer. hMSCs of the 2rd, 4th, 6th and 8th generations were selected for induction in vitro for 6 h. Cytochemistry staining and immunohistochemistry staining were used to assay the expressions of neuronal and astrocytic marked proteins.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Growth curve analysis on genera tive culture of hMSCs. ② Nissel staining. ③ Immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS: ① Common characters of generative culture: The latent phase of generative culture was 12-24 hours, exponential phase was 7-10 days and 11-13 days later, cell culture entered the platform phase. ② After induction of the 2nd, 4th and 6th generated hMSCs, deep blue granular Nissl body presented in cytoplasm. In 6 hours on the 8th induction, there was no obvious deep blue Nissl structure presented in cytoplasm.③ Except GFAP, NSE and NF-M were expressed in hMSCs of different generations after induction for 6 hours. There was no significant difference in positive rates of the 2nd, 4th and 6th generations (P ＞ 0.05), but the significant difference presented in comparison between the 8th generation and the 2nd, 4thand 6th generations (P ＜ 0.05). CONCLUSION:-mercaptoethanol can induce hMSCs differentiating into neuronal cells in vitro. The positive rates of the 2nd, 4th and 6th generationsare higher remarkably than the 8th generation.

Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are conservative molecules associated with groups of pathogens or their products. These molecules are recognized by relevant receptors. PAMPs induce the expression of inflammatory cytokines through the signal cascade. The role of PAMPs in the initiation and development of periodontitis is recently attracting attention. PAMPs induce the expression of inflammatory mediators after they are recognized in the periodontium. This process damages the periodontal soft tissue and osseous tissue, thus resulting in periodontitis. The results of this study will provide an excellent resolution for the treatment of periodontitis by blocking the pathogenic pathway of PAMPs.
Cytokines ; Humans ; Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules ; Periodontitis ; Periodontium

Objective To study the efficacy and toxicity of gensenoside-Rg3 (Rg3) combined with radiotherapy on non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) at advanced stages (Ⅲ and Ⅴ ).Methods Sixty-three patients with stage Ⅲ or Ⅳ NSCLC were divided randomly into two groups:treatment group ( n =35 ) treated with Rg3 combined with radiotherapy and control group ( n =28 ) treated with radiotherapy alone.The efficacy and side effects were compared after the treatment.Results The response rate ( CR + PR) of the treatment group was 57.14％,significantly higher than that of the control group (32.14％,x2 =3.91,P ＜ 0.05).The median survival time of the treatment group was 14.2 months,significantly longer than that of the control group ( 11.2 months,x2 =2.07,P ＜ 0.05 ).The one-year survival rate of the treatment group was 62.86％,significantly higher than that of the control group (39.29％,x2 =4.40,P ＜0.05).The incidence rates of side effects of the treatment group were all lower than those of the control group,but there were not significant difference. Conclusions Gensenoside-Rg3 combined with radiotherapy is effective for advanced stage NSCLC,with attenuation and synergistic effects.

(P < 0.05 ).Scanning electron microscopy showed that the three-dimensional structure of mix-biofilm in control group was more complex.As real-time PCR showed,after 6-hour culture,the expressions of icaA,fbe,aap,hwp1, als3 and efg1 genes in Farnesol group were down-regulated compared to those in control group and after 24-hour culture the expressions of aap,hwp1,als3 and efg1 genes in Farnesol group were down-regulated compared to those in control group.Conclusion With the intervention by fungal quorum sensing molecules Farnesol,the structure in control group became denser and more complex than that in Farnesol group.This change may have a closer correlation with the down-regulated expressions of als3,hwp1 and efg1 genes,which are related to the formation of Candida albicans biofilms.

Objective To study the clinical presentations,radiologic features,prognosis,and possible causes of liver injury associated umbilical venous catheter (UVC ).Methods We reviewed database of our NICU from December 2012 to November 2015 and identified preterm infants with liver injury while UVC in place.The gestational age,birth weight,gender,days of UVC in place prior to liver injury, the depth of UVC (cm),UVC tip position,ultrasound findings of liver injury,laboratory tests,treatment and outcomes were collected.Results During study period,322 infants received UVC insertion.Ten cases (3.1 %)of liver injury associated with UVC were diagnosed.Of the ten infants,nine were diagnosed as extravasation of fluid to liver parenchyma,and one was diagnosed as liver hematoma.The mean birth weight was (1184 ±207)g,mean gestational age was (28.5 ±1.7)weeks.The UVC tip was at thoracic (T) vertebrae T 9 to T 11 level,nine UVC tips were below the right diaphragm level.All UVCs were used for total parenteral nutrition before liver injury was diagnosed.Six infants had clinical manifestations,and four infants were free of clinical manifestations.The most prominent clinical signs were abdominal distension (n =5),weak bowel sounds (n =5)and hepatomegaly (n =4).One infant who was diagnosed with liver hematoma also had progressive hemoglobin decline (minimum 34 g/L)and shock.Abdominal ultrasound showed well-limited,irregular,hyperechoic rimmed lesions with heterogeneously hypoechoic centers or anechoic liquid dark space.Extravasation of fluid to liver parenchyma will restorate within one week after the UVC was remove.One baby who was diagnosed as liver hematoma passed away at 9 days of life.Liver ultrasound of eight returned to normal in 52 days to 3.5 months,and one had calcified lesions at 9 months of age.Conclusions Liver injury is an unusual complication of UVC insertion and usage.Proper positioning of the UVC tip may help to avoid this complication.Early recognition,prompt diagnosis with liver ultrasound examination and timely treatment can lead to better outcome in newborns with extravasation of fluid to liver parenchyma.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness and rationality of objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) used as achievement assessment for Postgraduate Year 1 surgery residents.Then the form and content of training and examination can be improved according to test results.Methods 31 Postgraduate Year 1 surgery residents were involved in the examination.The examination was composed of 5 stations,which were case analysis,wound dressing change,plaster fixation,laparoscopic simulator basic skills and irregular wound debridement suture.Each station was evaluated by centesimal system score and limited in 15 minutes.A questionnaire on their opinion and perception of the examination was given to each resident at the end of examination.A total number of 31 questionnaires were issued and recycled.The difficulty,discrimination and reliability of each station were calculated,and the correlation between each station was analyzed.Results The average OSCE score was (74.66 ± 4.39).The difficulty of total stations was 0.747.The distinction was 0.578 and the reliability was 0.402.The second station was lowest difficulty,and the fifth station was most difficult.Every station's discrimination was larger than 0.400.The reliability of the second and the fourth station was low.There was moderate correlation between the first station and the second station,as well as the first station and the fourth station.But there was no significant correlation between other stations.Residents' questionnaire survey showed that the fourth and the fifth stations were considered as the most difficult,and the second station was the simplest.They thought the fourth was most helpful for clinic.They performed best at the second station and worst at the fifth station.Conclusions OSCE can effectively evaluate the efficacy of the resident training.The residents' practical competency skills can be assessed better by examination simulating complex clinical scenario.Besides,after examination,we need to objectively evaluate the assessment efficiency,and dynamically adjust the training content and examination form according to residents' subjective opinions.

Objective To screen the human proteins interacting with human cytomegalovirus（HCMV）UL130 from human fetus brain cDNA library by GAL4 two-hybrid system 3 technique and analyze the corresponding coding sequences.Methods The ＂bait plasmid＂（named as pGBKT7-UL130）was constructed.By using HCMV UL130 as the bait,a human fetus brain cDNA library was screened and the proteins interacting with UL130 protein were searched.The positive clones were sequenced and analyzed by bioinformatic methods.Results Nine clones interacting with HCMV UL130 were identified,two of them were synaptosome-associated protein（SNAP）.Conclusion Some proteins interacting with HCMV UL130 in human fetus brain cDNA library were successfully screened.SNAP might play an important role in HCMV infection pathogenesis.

Permeabilized cells containing trehalose synthase from Meiothermus sp.CBS-01 was immobilized by the integration of entrapment in alginate beads with cross-linking and electrostatic self-assembly coating technique.Coating on alginate beads with diazo-resin and poly(styrene sulfonate) can protect the beads from degradation in phosphate buffer,whereas cross-linking with carbodiimide improves the thermostability of trehalose synthase entrapped in alginate beads.By co-immobilization of permeabilized cells using entrapment-cross-linking- coating method,the enzyme recovery was 32%,and the optimum temperature of the enzyme was still 60℃,but the optimum pH was shifted from 6.5 to 7.In batch manner,a maximum conversion yield of 60% trehalose from maltose could be reached by the immobilized cells.Within 4 times repeated use of the immobilized cells,and each time was operated at 50℃ for 24h,more than 50% conversion yield of trehalose could be maintained with less than 20% loss of the enzyme activity.

Objective To explore the imageologic characteristics of pelvic fractures with artery injuries and the treatment methods for embolization of arteries.Methods From January 1999 to June 2005,60 cases(42 males and 18 females)aged 21-52 years(average 34.5 years)with pelvic fractures and unsteady blood dynamics were admitted into our hospital.There were 32 cases with traffic injury,13 with crushing injury,nine with fall injury and six with other injuries.The mean injury severity score was 39?16(16-66).All cases were hypetensive with systolic blood pressure less than 90 mm Hg on the arrival.Routine X-ray examination of dorsaventral,debouch and porch of pelvis was performed.The aver- age amount of blood transfusion was 2 886 ml.All cases underwent iliac artery angiography and pelvic ar- teriography.Results X-ray examination of pelvic fractures showed posterior pelvic fracture in 25 ca- ses,with 64 branches of blood vessels injured;anterior pelvic fracture in 13,with 17 branches of blood vessels injured;acetabular fracture in six,with 12 branches of blood vessels injured;and combined pel- vic fracture in 16,with 36 branches of blood vessels injured.Three cases died,with mortality rate of 5%.One case with common arterial thrombosis was treated with artificial blood vessel transplantation, four cases with external iliac artery injuries including one with artery rupture were treated with prosthesis, and among the three cases with external iliac artery thrombosis,one was treated with dislodgment of thrombosis,one treated with recanalization of thrombolysis and one did not give any treatment.Fifty cases with injury and bleeding of internal iliac artery and its branches were treated with arterial embolization. Five cases showed no obvious injury.Conclusions The types of artery injuries can be predicted through X-ray of pelvic fracture.Posterior pelvic fracture may easily cause injury to superior gluteal arter- ies,iliac lumber arteries,and lateral sacral arteries.While anterior pelvic fracture will cause injury to obturator arteries.Superior gluteal artery is susceptible to injury.Embolization of injured arteries and an- astomosis are preferred treatment for pelvic arterial disruptions.

Various questionnaires for screening diabetes in Chinese population were evaluated. Two questionnaires (Finnish Diabetes Risk Score and Danish Diabetes Risk Score) were applied. Sensitivity, specificity and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) for both questionnaires were calculated. The AUCs were 0. 760 (95% CI: 0.713-0.806) for the Finnish questionnaire (P<0.01) and 0.706 (95% CI: 0.647-0.764) for the Danish one (P<0.01). The sensitivities, specificities and predictive values of both questionnaires were not so good in the present survey as in the published reports. It suggests that these screening questionnaires must be modified to suitable for Chinese population.