Cardiovascular Diseases ; genetics ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1 ; genetics

Objective To study the effect and possible mechanism of diazoxide on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in diabetic rats, and the influence of insulin intervention which aims to maintain blood sugar levels within the normal range on the protective function of cardiomyocytes. Methods 126 health male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were intraperitoneally injected with one dose of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) to reproduce diabetic model. The diabetic rats were randomly divided into seven groups, with 18 rats in each group. Myocardial I/R model was established by 30 minutes ligation of the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery, and 120 minutes blood circulation recover. Sham group was only threaded without ligation. Rats in I/R group, diazoxide group (DZ group), and Ottawa vine penicillin (WNT) group were infused intravenously with 2 mL of 0.1% dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), DZ (7 mg/kg), and WNT (15 μg/kg), respectively, after 25 minutes of ischemia. Sham group was only injected with 2 mL of 0.1% DMSO. DZ+WNT group was infused with WNT 5 minutes before the injection of DZ. Insulin intervention (RI) group received a continuous insulin infusion to maintain the blood sugar at the level of 4-6 mmol/L. RI+DZ group was infused with DZ after ischemia for 25 minutes based on blood sugar control. Hemodynamic parameters in each group were monitored continuously. The pathological changes of myocardium were observed with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The expressions of phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt) and phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3β (p-GSK-3β) were determined by Western Blot. Results Compared with sham group, the cardiac functions of the intervention groups were significantly decreased, and severe myocardial injury was observed. Compared with I/R group, the cardiac functions of intervention groups were not obviously improved. However, after insulin intervention by which blood sugar was maintained within normal range, the cardiac function and myocardial injury were further aggravated. Compared with sham group (the expression value of sham group was set as 1), the expressions of p-Akt in other groups including I/R group, DZ group, RI group, and RI+DZ group showed no statistically significant difference (gray value: 1.07±0.09, 1.03±0.07, 1.07±0.07, 1.02±0.08 vs. 1.00, all P > 0.05). However, the expressions of p-Akt were decreased in WNT group and DZ+WNT group as compared with those of sham group and I/R group (gray value: 0.54±0.06, 0.51±0.05 vs. 1.00 and 1.07±0.09, all P < 0.05). The expressions of p-GSK-3βshowed no statistically significant difference in I/R group, DZ group, WNT group, and DZ+WNT group as compared with sham group (gray value: 0.97±0.08, 1.00±0.11, 0.98±0.06, 0.97±0.09 vs. 1.00, all P > 0.05). However, the expression of pGSK-3β was increased in RI group, RI+DZ group as compared with sham group and I/R group (gray value: 1.68±0.08, 1.70±0.05 vs. 1.00 and 0.97±0.08, all P < 0.05), and it was significantly higher in RI+DZ group than that of DZ group (gray value: 1.70±0.05 vs. 1.00±0.11, P < 0.05). Conclusions Diazoxide after myocardial injury could not protect the myocardium from I/R injury in diabetic rats, and did not trigger the activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. Insulin intervention by which blood sugar was maintaine d within the normal range exacerbates myocardial I/R injury in diabetic rats.

ObjectiveTo analyze the mental health level and the correlative factors of elderly reflux esophaditis patients.Methods86 elderly reflux esophagitis patients were tested with Symptom Check List-90 (SCL-90) and the Correlative Factor Inquiry List.ResultsThe total SCL-90 scores of the patients was 137.5±27, the number of symptomatic items was 29.9±17, which was significantly higher than that of domestic norm ( P<0.01). Besides of psychopathic and phobic, other factor scores of SCL-90 were also significantly higher than that of domestic norm ( P<0.05～0.01). The somatization, depression and anxiety were first three factors according to significant level. The constitution of patients showed the normal distribution at the level of total SCL-90 score.ConclusionMental health level of elderly reflux esophaditis patients is lower than that of normal people. The two primary reasons are long-term trend and stress of disease.

Methods: A total of 10 specific pathogen free (SPF) grade female DBA/2J mice were randomly divided into model group and QGA II group (n = 5 for each group), while additional 5 SPF-grade female C57BL/6J mice were assigned to control group. Mice presented spontaneous high IOP and showed elevated approximately at the age of seven months. The high IOP was maintained until week 38, when gavage was initiated. Mice in control group underwent the same intragastric treatment, while those in QGA II group were gavaged with QGA II (9.67 g/kg), once a day for four weeks. Retinal morphology was examined using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, with the number of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) counted. The expression level of Brn3a protein, a specific marker for RGCs, was detected by immunofluorescence, with the mean optical density (OD) measured for quantitative analysis. In addition, 16S rDNA sequencing was leveraged to analyze changes in the diversity of gut microbiota, including their α-diversity (Chao1, Shannon, Pielou’s evenness, and observed species index) and β-diversity. Venn diagrams and linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis was employed to investigate the number of amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), the abundance of differential gut microbiota species, and the classification of species at both the phylum and genus levels within the three groups of mice. Results: HE staining revealed that compared with control group, model group showed significant reduction in the number of RGCs (P < 0.01), with intracellular vacuolar degeneration and nuclear pyknosis. After QGA II treatment, the number of RGCs was significantly increased compared with model group (P < 0.01), with notable improvements in intracellular vacuolar degeneration. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that the mean OD of Brn3a protein was significantly decreased in model group compared with control group (P < 0.01), while QGA II treatment significantly elevated its expression level (P < 0.01). Analysis of α-diversity showed that after QGA II intervention, the Chao1, Shannon, and Pielou’s evenness indices were significantly increased (P < 0.01), and the observed species index was elevated (P < 0.05). β-Diversity analysis demonstrated distinct clustering among the three groups, indicating relatively low similarity in bacterial community structures. ASV clustering identified a total of 14 061 ASVs across all groups, with 9 514 ASVs shared between model and QGA II groups. At the phylum level, the abundance of Bacteroidetes was significantly decreased in model group compared with control group (P < 0.01), while Firmicutes and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio were significantly increased (P < 0.01). QGA II treatment significantly reduced both Firmicutes abundance and the F/B ratio (P < 0.01). At the genus level, Lactobacillus was dominant across all groups, with its abundance significantly increased in model group (P < 0.01) and subsequently decreased following QGA II intervention (P < 0.05). Conclusion QGA II restructured the gut microbiota of DBA/2J mice with chronic high IOP, bringing changes in their diversity and abundance of components. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Lactobacillus, along with their associated microorganisms, are likely critical components of the gut microbiota that contribute to the optic neuroprotective effects of QGA II on chronic high IOP mice.

As color doppler ultrasound listed as the thyroid to regular physical examination project, the positive detection rate of benign and malignant thyroid diseases has increased year by year. The population of patients after thyroid surgery is getting larger and larger, however, the research on how to replace the absent thyroid with exogenous thyroid hormone is not perfect. As the switch of thyroid hormone activation and deactivation, deiodinase plays an important role in maintaining the internal environment of human body. The expression of these enzymes will change with the different needs of each organ in the individual. In the past, many authors have made a detailed description of deiodinase in basic medicine, but the principle of action in clinical aspects is relatively lacking. In this paper, the mechanism of deiodinase was reviewed through literature reading, to explore the basic principle of deiodinase in exogenous thyroid hormone supplementation after thyroid surgery.

Objective To identify the risk factors of delirium in ICU by Meta-analysis. Methods Quality of the studies was assessed in terms of study design, definitions of main variables, statistics, and bias control. Analysis of sensitivity and heterogeneity were performed and cumulative effects were calculated using either fixed or random effects models by RevMan 4.2.Results Ten studies met all inclusive and exclusive criteria. Simple sizes range from 100 to 3308. Twenty-one risk factors of delirium in ICU were involved, but only alcohol abuse, respiratory disease, infection, APACHE Ⅱ,elevated level of serum urea nitrogen, hyponatremia, hyperbilirubinemia and using sedatives were identified as having a cumulative effect on delirium in ICU. Conclusions Infection, abnormality or disturbance of metabolism and intoxication or acute withdrawal from drug or alcohol are independent predictors of delirium in ICU, while advanced age and hypoxemia, which are commonly considered as independent risk factors of delirium in ICU, are still inconclusive.

Objective To investigate the effects of estrogen on mismatch repiar gene expression in colonic mucosa in vivo. Methods A total of 42 healthy individuals underwent colonoscopy were enrolled in the study. Half an hour before colonoscopy examination, blood sample was taken for determining the serum estradiol (E2) level. N ormal colonic mucosal tissues determined by naked eye under colonoscopy examination were taken in the right hemi colon to detect HMLH1 and hMSH2 gene expression by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry staining. Then the correlation of serum E2 levels with hMLH1 and hMSH2 expression in colonic mucosa was analyzed. Results A bimodal curve was presented for the correlation between serum E2 level in healthy individuals and hMLH1 expression in colonic mucosa. A strong positive correlation of E2 level with hMLH1 expression in normal colonic mucosa was observed when serum E2 level was more than 45 pg/ml (For mRNA, P=0. 003, r=0. 701; for immunohistochemistry positivity index, P=0. 000, r=0. 874).However there was no correlation between E2 level and hMSH2 expression. Conclusion High serum E2 level might increase the hMLH1 gene expression in colonic mucosa in vivo.

Objective To study the relationships among resilience, self-awareness, personality, stress level and mental health in the warship soldiers. Methods Resilience Scale for Adults ( RSA), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ( EPQ), Self Acceptance Questionnaire( SAQ), General Self-Efficacy Scale( GSES), Wallance Self Concept Scale (WSCS), Psychological Stress Self-evaluation Test (PSET) and Symptom Checklist (SCL-90)were used to survey 1451 warship soldiers. Results ① 2.5％ of the warship soldiers reported obvious psychological stress. Mental health of warship soldiers was worse than the norm of China population, except for obsessivecompulsive and interpersonal sensitivity factor. While the scores of other factors were significantly higher than the norm of Chinese soldiers(P＜0.01). ②The total scores of SCL-90, psychological stress and resilience, internal/external had negative correlation with self-awareness, and positive correlation with neuroticism. Compared to the SCL-90-negative group,SCL-90-positive soldiers (SCL-90 total score ＞ 160) had higher scores of nervousness and PSET and lower scores of RSA, internal/external and self-awareness (P ＜ 0.01 ). ③Regression analysis showed that stress levels, emotional stability,self-awareness and resilience were able to predict 35.1％ of mental health in warship soldiers. Mental health, emotional stability, internal/external and resilience were able to predict 33.2％of individual's stress level. Conclusion To some extent, warship soldiers have psychological stress and mental health problems. Resilience, personality, self-awareness are important factors affecting psychological stress and mental health.

In order to investigate the characteristics of transdermal delivery of ferulic acid under the treated of microneedle arrays and the influence on permeability of rat skin capillaries, improved Franz-cells were used in the transdermal delivery experiment with the rat skin of abdominal wall and the length of microneedle arrays, different insertion forces, retention time were studied in the influence of characteristics of transdermal delivery of FA. The amount of FA was determined by HPLC system. Intravenous injection Evans blue and FA was added after microneedle arrays treated. Established inflammation model was built by daubing dimethylbenzene. The amount of Evans blue in the rat skin was read at 590 nm wavelength with a Multiskan Go microplate reader. Compared with passive diffusion group the skin pretreated with microneedle arrays had a remarkable enhancement of FA transport (P <0.01). The accumulation of FA increased with the enhancement of insertion force as to as the increase of retention time. Microneedle arrays with different length had a remarkable enhancement of FA transport, but was not related to the increase of the length. The research of FA on the reduce of permeability of rat skin capillaries indicated that the skin pretreated with microneedle arrays could reduce the content of Evans blue in the skins of rat significantly compared with the untreated group. The permeation rate of ferulic acid transdermal delivery had remarkable increase under the treated of microneedle arrays and the length of microneedle arrays ,the retention time so as to the insertion force were important to the transdermal delivery of ferulic acid.
Administration, Cutaneous ; Animals ; Coumaric Acids ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Needles ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Skin Absorption

Objective To observe the clinical effects of hyaluronidase iontophoresis in the treatment of in- fants with congenital muscular torticollis(CMT).Methods Fifty infants with congenital muscular torticollis were divided randomly into a treatment group and a control group.Manual stretching was performed with both groups,while hyaluronidase iontophoresis was also administered to those in the treatment group.The range of side-flexion and rota- tion of the neck was examined at the beginning of and after 1 and 2 months of treatment.At the end of the treatment, the overall outcome was assessed according to a scoring system.Results There was no significant difference be- tween the two groups at admission.Compared with the control group,the range of side-flexion and rotation of the neck,and the overall treatment outcome were all significantly better in the treatment group after treatment.Conclu- sion Hyaluronidase iontophoresis can effectively improve function in infants with CMT and alleviate their symptoms.