Objective To compare the saccharometabolism with the pancreatic islets functions and insulin resistance index in children with severe stress. Methods Thirty children with severe stress and 30 healthy children in control group were tested. The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS) and fasting C - peptide (FCP) were detected by radioimmunoassay respectively and insulin sensitivity index (ISI), insulin resistance index (IR) and fasting blood cell function index (FBCI) were calculated statistically. Results There were significant differences between the children with severe stress and the normal controls in the levels of FINS, FCP and FBG,(all P0.05). Conclusion There is insulin resistance with the significant decrease in the insulin sensitivity index and significant increase in insulin resistance index in the children with severe stress, which may cause the disorder in glucose metabolism in children with severe stress.

Objective To investigate the supply of iodized salt in non-excessive iodine counties and iodine-free salt in excessive iodine counties at household level in Jiangsu Province so as to provide a basis for the prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD).Methods According to the National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Monitoring Program(Trial),county(city,district) was taken as a elementary sampling unit in Jiangsu Province.Townships(towns) and administrative villages were selected by systematic sampling and random sampling in every county and households were chosen by random sampling to collect their edible salt samples.The salt iodine content in non-and excessive iodine regions was detected by direct titration method and semi-quantitative method,respectively.Results All 30 840 salt samples were collected from 106 non-excessive iodine counties,and qualified iodized salt was 30 303 copies,iodine-free salt 199 copies.Weighted by the population of counties,the rate of iodine-free salt was 0.71％,the coverage rate of iodized salt accounted for 99.29％,out of which,98.93％ was qualified and the consuming rate of qualified iodized salt was 98.23％.All 1296 salt samples were collected in 5 counties with excessive water iodine content and the coverage rate of iodine-free salt was 98.99％ (1283/1295).Conclusions The national targets for preliminary elimination of IDD have been achieved in regions of nonexcessive and excessive iodine of Jiangsu Province.But it still should be strengthen the management work of iodinefree salt in excessive iodine counties and iodine saft in non-excessive iodine counties.

The objective of study was to investigate the Rh antigen stability of mPEG-modified RBC. RBC membrane protein SDS-PAGE technology was used to analyze the combination of the mPEG modified RBC membrane protein with mPEG molecules; the RBC ghost coagulation test and 4 degrees C CPD-preserved modified RBC mixed with matched blood were used to observe the stability of RBC Rh antigen camouflaged by mPEG. The results showed that the blood groups of stored mPEG-modified RBC were kept consistency before or after simulating transfusion, i.e. mixture of modified RBC with matched bloods, while the plasma hemoglobin after simulating transfusion was not only within the normal range during the storage, but also less than that before simulating transfusion even after incubation at 37 degrees C. The electrophoresis pattern stained with iodine and Coomassie blue displayed the bands of mPEG combined with RBC membrane protein and the slow mobility of membrane protein. The hemagglutination of PEGylation RBC ghosts did not take place and mPEG still covered the antigen. In conclusion, mPEG-SPA can bind the erythrocyte with its extracted membrane protein in both ghosts and living erythrocytes.
Erythrocyte Membrane ; immunology ; Erythrocytes ; immunology ; Humans ; Isoantibodies ; blood ; Polyethylene Glycols ; pharmacology ; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System ; immunology ; Transfusion Reaction

Human transferrin receptor (TfR) was isolated from homogenates of placental tissues by affinity chromatography on transferrin-Sepharose, and then used to screen human scFv against it from a fully-synthesized phage scFv library. After verifying the specificity, gene fragment of one of the selected scFv was inserted into the plasmid pET22b(+) and transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3) . Expression of scFv in transformant was induced with 0.5mmol/L IPTG. ELISA assay on HeLa cells showed that scFv protein could recognize and bind to TfR on the surface of HeLa cells. The scFv was purified by one-step affinity chromatography with Ni+ -NTA agarose, and injected into Kunming mouse via tail veins. This scFv was detected in brain tissues 1h later by capillary depletion method, which indicates that scFv protein can permeate through the blood brain barrier by mediation of the TfR receptor. Our works lay the foundation for the treatment of tumors and central nervous system diseases.
Animals ; Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fragments ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Mice ; Receptors, Transferrin ; genetics ; immunology ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Transferrin ; metabolism

Objective To study the effect of innovation skill training work pattern on the Work Satisfaction Degree in clinical practice nursing of nurses. Methods 55 clinical nurses in 4 disease sections of the courtyard cardiovascular disease center were set as the experimental group, and used the innovation skill training work pattern in their work for 12 months. And, 57 nursing staffs were set as the control group, and used the traditional skill training work pattern. The Work Satisfaction Degree were compared by using Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire ( MSQ ), between the two groups, as well as between the pre-practice and post-practice of the new method in the experimental group. Results Compared to the control group, 9 of the 12 items about the internal satisfaction degree in experimental group had statistical significance, and 1 of the 6 items about the external satisfaction degree in experimental group had statistical significance. When making a comparison before and after the new method was put into practice, in the experimental group, 9 of the 12 items about the internal satisfaction degree in experimental group had statistical significance, and 4 items about the external satisfaction degree in experimental group had statistical significance; and in the control group, there is no statistical significance before the training and after the training. Conclusions The innovation skill training work pattern may enhance the nursing staffs's the degree of work satisfaction, by the enhancement of nursing staff' independent right, the enhancement of the nursing staffs serf-sense of achievement, and the superintendent giving the prompt affirmation of the nursing staff and conducting the user-friendly management.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (LOX-1) on secretion of adhesive molecules mediated by ox-LDL in human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs).

METHODSHUVECs with different concentration of ox-LDL (0, 10, 20, 50, 100 microg/ml) were incubated for 24 h, or HUVECs were pretreated with 250 microg/ml poly (I) or 250 microg/ml carrageenan for 2 h and then incubated with 50 microg/ml ox-LDL for another 24 h. Expression of LOX-1 was determined by realtime RT-PCR and Western blot. mRNA and protein of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin were examined by RT-PCR and Western blot respectively.

RESULTSIncubation of HUVECs with ox-LDL (10-100 microg/ml) enhanced the expressions of LOX-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.01). On the contrary, ox-LDL did not affect the expression of VCAM-1 by HUVECs. The expression of LOX-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin induced by ox-LDL were reduced in HUVECs pretreated with 250 microg/ml poly (I) or 250 microg/ml carrageenan for 2 h and then incubated with 50 microg/ml ox-LDL for 24 h. This showed that both poly (I) and carrageenan obviously decreased the expression of LOX-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin induced by ox-LDL.

CONCLUSIONox-LDL may upregulate the expression of LOX-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin, and LOX-1 blocker may partly inhibit this upregulation. The results suggest that the expression of inflammatory molecules induced by ox-LDL in HUVECs is mediated by LOX-1.

Cell Adhesion ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; Cells, Cultured ; E-Selectin ; metabolism ; Endothelial Cells ; metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular ; metabolism ; Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Receptors, Oxidized LDL ; metabolism ; Scavenger Receptors, Class E ; metabolism ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the anti-tumor effects of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and mechanisms of its action.

METHODSHuman esophageal carcinoma cell line EC9706 cells were treated with ATRA at different concentration. The proliferation inhibition was examined by MTT assay. Morphological examination, TUNEL method and flow cytometry were used to detect the apoptosis and changes of cell cycle. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of apoptosis-related genes caspase-3 and bcl-2. The semi-quantification of protein expression was analyzed by pathological image analysis.

RESULTSATRA inhibited the proliferation of EC9706 cells moderately. Apoptosis in EC9706 cells was induced by ATRA treatment. The morphology of EC9706 cells showed changes such as nuclear chromatin condensation and fragmentation. Sub-G1 peak was found by flow cytometry. The maximal apoptosis rate was 32.6%. The expression of caspase-3 gene was enhanced. The expression of bcl-2 gene was decreased. All these effects were presented in a dose-dependent and time-depend manner.

CONCLUSIONApoptosis is one of the key mechanisms of ATRA action on EC9706 cells.

Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Tretinoin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology

AIMTo study the varies and effects of ischemic preconditioning of myocardium on every part of adrenergic receptor-adenyl cyclase system in rats in vivo.

METHODSSD rats were randomly divided into three groups: CON group (n = 6), IP group (n = 12) and I/R group (n = 12). Surgical procedure included intermittent left coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion. After the procedure, the hearts were extracted. We analyzed the infarct size by TTC staining, measured serum myocardial enzymes, studied the beta-AR Bmax and KD by radioligand binding assay of receptors (RAB), and checked the activity of AC and the content of cAMP by radioimmunoassay (RIA).

RESULTSInfarct area were much smaller in IP group than in I/R group (P < 0.05). CK, CK-MB, LDH were significantly higher in I/R group (P < 0.01). The Bmax of beta-AR in IP group were much higher than in I/R group (P < 0.01). No difference of KD could be seen between IP and I/R group. In IP group, the activity of AC and the content of cAMP were higher than I/R group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONIschemic preconditioning can protect the heart from necrosis and reduce endo-enzyme leakage. Ischemic preconditioning can increase the density of beta-AR, the activity of AC and the content of cAMP, which shows that the system of adrenergic receptor-adenyl cyclase system probably takes part in the protection of IP.

Adenylyl Cyclases ; metabolism ; Animals ; Female ; Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial ; Myocardial Ischemia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta ; metabolism

OBJECTIVESTo develop a method by which large and purified populations of spermatids can be isolated in semen of male infertile patients.

METHODSA total of fifteen ejaculates containing cellular elements from infertile patients with various andrological pathologies were obtained after a 24-hour abstinence. A modified discontinuous Percoll gradient (15%, 22%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%) centrifugation method was used to isolate the spermatids. After centrifugation at 2,000 r/min for 30 min at 18 degrees C, the single Percoll fractions were separated and analyzed in order to select the one with the greatest purity of spermatid. The germinal cells in each isolated fraction were counted using a Macro sperm counting chamber, then the contents of spermatids were determined by morphology (Wright-Giemsa staining method) and flow cytometry (FCM) analysis, while the contaminated leukocytes were assessed by anti-CD45 immunocytochemistry.

RESULTSAfter Percoll centrifuged, six single fractions were obtained. Morphology and FCM analysis showed that the 22% fraction contained mostly spermatids [(91.85 +/- 5.18)%, P < 0.005] and the mean density in this fraction was (1.010 +/- 0.786) x 10(5)/ml. While in the 30% fraction, various immature spermatogenic cells including spermatids were present and leukocytes mostly presented in the 60% fraction.

CONCLUSIONSA large population of relatively purified spermatids can be isolated from the ejaculates of infertile patients by using this modified discontinuous Percoll gradient centrifugation method.

Cell Separation ; methods ; Centrifugation, Density Gradient ; methods ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Infertility, Male ; pathology ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; analysis ; Leukocytes ; chemistry ; cytology ; Male ; Semen ; cytology ; Spermatids ; chemistry ; cytology

This study was aimed to explore impact of removal of cell membrane G alalpha1-3Gal beta1-4Glc NAc epitopes (called alpha-Gal) and chemical modification of other xenoantigen on bovine red blood cell (bRBC) and porcine red blood cell (pRBC) antigenicity and to compare their modified erythrocytes, in order to provide basis for development of human blood substitute with rich source, high safety and efficacy. bRBC and pRBC were subjected to both enzymatic removal of membrane alpha-Gal with recombinant coffee bean alpha-galactosidase (rC alpha-GalE) and covalent attachment of benzotriazole carbonate-linked methoxypolyethylene glycol (mPEG-BTC, MW = 20 kD). The effects of treatment were measured by hemagglutination, flow cytometric assay of IgG binding and clinical cross-match testing to human sera. The results showed that although alpha-galactosidase treatment reduced hemagglutination titers to levels similar to negative control, the combination of the treatments was most effective. Clinically used cross-match tests between bRBC, pRBC and human sera demonstrated increased compatibility. Bovine RBC were more robust than pRBC, and had less xenoantigens, and had longer half life than pRBC in vivo. These characteristics suggested that bRBCs were more suitable to investigation as an alternatives to hRBC in clinical transfusion than pRBC. These data suggested that strategies to remove or mask xenoantigens on bRBC reduce antigenicity sufficiently to allow in vitro cross-match compatibility to human sera, and therefore bRBC following modification may be considered as human blood substitute.
Animals ; Antigens, Heterophile ; immunology ; Blood Substitutes ; Cattle ; Disaccharides ; immunology ; Epitopes ; immunology ; Erythrocyte Membrane ; immunology ; Erythrocyte Transfusion ; methods ; Erythrocytes ; immunology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Swine ; alpha-Galactosidase ; immunology