To improve the solubility of quercetin ( QT) , one of flavonoids that can inhibit the proliferation of vari-ous types of cancer cells, the novel amphiphilic polymer N-( 4-methylimidazole)-hydroxyethyl-chitosan ( MHC) , synthetized by chemical derivatization from chitosan, was used as the self-assembly micelles of QT. The formed polymer was characterized by 1 H NMR, elemental analysis and pyrene fluorescence spectrometry. The formulation of MHC micelles loading quercetin was optimized through single factor experiment. Then the optimized formulation was obtained as follows:the concentration of MHC was 0. 67% and the ratio of drug and carrier was 1 ∶10. The micelles particle size was ( 99. 21 ± 1. 71) nm, Zeta potential was +( 20. 01 ± 0. 72) mV and drug loading was ( 5. 42 ± 0. 32 )%. The in vitro release curve was investigated and was found to conform to Higuchi equation of Q=0. 1101 t1/2 -0. 064. The results of in vivo experiment showed that the mean rentention time and bioavail-ability of the MHC-QT micelles were 21. 42 h and 57. 49 μg h/mL, respectively, compared to 0. 30 h and 2. 50 μg h/mL of the free QT solution. These indicated that the MHC micelles could significantly improve the solubility of QT, the drug sustained-release effect and bioavailability, which would used as carrier for the anti-tumor drugs.

Low frequency sensorineural deafness is a common subtype of idiopathic sudden deafness. Certain patients suffered recurrent attacks without vertigo, much alike Meniere's disease. Few of them developed into definite Meniere's disease during long-term follow-up in many clinical studies. Although the pathophysiology of recurrent low frequency deafness is yet unknown, the desease is considered associated with early state of endolymphatic hydrops or migraine. Otologists shall be aware of its clinical course and careful explanation is necessary at time of initial informed consent.
Endolymphatic Hydrops ; complications ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; complications ; diagnosis ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; Humans ; Meniere Disease ; complications ; Vertigo

Objective To investigate the effect of ischemic post-conditioning (IPO) on the level of Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in acute ischemia - reperfusion (I/R) injury of lung in order to illuminate its protective mechanism.Methods Forty-eight adult SD rats were randomly divided (random number) into 6groups ( n =8 each):sham operation group ( S group) ; I/R group in which the hilum of left lung was clamped for 45 min followed by 105 min reperfusion; IPO group in which left lung hilum was clamped for 45min and post - conditioned by alternation of 30 s reperfusion with 30 s re-occlusion for three times before perfect perfusion for 102 min; Hemin (HM) + I/R group; ZnPPⅨ (zinc protoporphyrin Ⅸ) + IPO group and HM + S group.Arterial partial pressure of oxygen ( PaO2 ) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in blood serum were assayed.The left lung was removed for determination of wet/dry (W/D) lung weight ratio and level of HO-1 protein was detected by immunohistochemical technique and pathohistological changes were observed under light microscopic examination. Comparisons among multiple groups were studied by using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Statistical comparisons within groups were analyzed by using paired t -test.Results The level of HO-1 in lung tissue was significantly increased in the I/R group compared with the S group and the HM + S group (P ＜0.01,P ＜0.05).Compared to the I/R group,the IPO and the HM + I/R groups had significant higher level of HO-1 ( P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01 ).The PaO2 was significantly lower in all experimental groups than that in the S group (90 ± 11 ) mmHg.However,the values of PaO2 in the IPO and the HM + I/R groups were higher than that in the I/R group (P ＜ 0.01 ).In addition to severe lung tissue damage evidenced by pathohistological changes,the lung wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio and MDA level in blood serum were significantly higher in the I/R group than those in the S group (P ＜0.01 ),whereas the lung damage was attenuated either by IPO or by HM pretreatment (P ＜ 0.05,IPO or HM + I/R vs.I/R).Conclusions IPO can attenuate the lung ischemia - reperfusion injury through upregulating the level of HO-1 protein and inhibiting lipid peroxidation injury.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Yangxue Qingnao Granule (YQG) on the expression of CD11b in CA1 region of hippocampus of vascular dementia rats, and to explore its regulation on microglias.

METHODSTotally 144 SD rats were randomly divided into the sham-operation group, the vascular dementia model group (model), and the YQG treated group (treated). The vascular dementia rat model was prepared by modified Pulsinelli's four-vessel occlusion. Rats in the sham-operation group and the model group were administered with normal saline -(at the daily dose of 10 mL/kg) by gastrogavage, while those in the treated group were administered with YQG (0.32 g/mL, at the daily dose of 10 mL/kg) by gastrogavage. All administration was performed once per day for 8 successive weeks. The expression of CD11b in CA1 region of hippocampus of vascular dementia rats was detected at week 1, 2, 4, and 8, respectively.

RESULTSCompared with the sham-operation group, the expression of CD11b in CA1 region of hippocampus of vascular dementia rats were significantly enhanced in the model group at each time point (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the expression of CD11b in CA1 region of hippocampus of vascular dementia rats significantly decreased in the treated group at each time point (P < 0.01), especially at week 2.

CONCLUSIONObvious activation and proliferation of microglias could be seen in CA1 region of hippocampus of vascular dementia rats, and YQG could inhibit activation and proliferation of microglias.

Animals ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal ; drug effects ; metabolism ; CD11b Antigen ; metabolism ; Dementia, Vascular ; drug therapy ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Microglia ; drug effects ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To investigate the influences of psychological rehabilitation nursing on immune function in post stroke depression patients.Methods A total of 80 elderly patients with post stroke depression were recruited from the inpatients in geriatric neurology department at Tianjin Medical University General Hospital.All patients were divided into two groups:the control group received only conventional and auxiliary exercise therapy for 3 months; rehabilitation group received psychological rehabilitation nursing added to the above therapy for 3 months.Barthel indexes,Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) scores and immune function were detected at recruit and three months after treatment.Results There were no statistically significant differences in clinical data between the rehabilitation group and control group (all P＞0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in Barthel indexes,Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) scores and immune function between rehabilitation group and control group before treatment (all P＞ 0.05).Compared with control group,the rehabilitation group showed that the Barthel Indexes were increased (P=0.000),Hamilton Depression Sale (HAMD) scores were decreased (P=0.000),the levels of T lymphocyte subpopulation (P＜ 0.05) and immunoglobulin (P＜ 0.01) were increased after three months treatment.Conclusions The combination treatment of psychological rehabilitation nursing,auxiliary exercise and drug are helpful to recover immune function and improve the quality of life in patients with post stroke depression.

Abstract?AIM: To obtain the prevalence and risk factors of symptomatic dry eye disease ( SDED ) among college students in China.?METHODS:Population-based cross-sectional study. Students in Medical School of Lanzhou University were approached. A questionnaire was used to evaluate the prevalence of SDED and its risk factors. The diagnosis of SDED was based on reported symptoms and was established if the participants reported “often” or “all the time” once or more for 6-item questionnaire. Positive tests included a tear-film breakup time ( TBUT)≤10s and a fluorescein staining score ( FSS ) ≥1. Demographic information and possible factors that may contribute to SDED were analyzed in a step-wise multivariate logistic regression modelto assess risk factors of SDED.? RESULTS: There were 1139 participants ( 84. 37%response rate ) have completed the questionnaire, 475 males and 664 females aged 16-26y. The prevalence of SDED was 18. 70% [95% confidence interval ( CI)= 16. 59-20. 81]. A TBUT of ≤10s and a FSS≥1 were noted in 47. 67%(95% CI=44. 95-50. 57) and 13. 97%(95% CI=11. 95-15. 99) for all participants, respectively. The multivariate regression analysis revealed the following risk factors:daily reading time of≥4h(OR=1. 58,95% CI=1. 15-2. 18), daily computer use of≥4h ( OR= 1. 52, 95% CI= 1. 02-2. 25), and constant eyeglasses wearing (OR=1. 54,95%CI=1. 08-2. 13). The female gender, refractive surgery and contact lens ( CLs) wearing were not risk factors for SDED in this analysis.? CONCLUSION: The prevalence for SDED is high in Chinese college students. The risk factors include daily reading time of≥4h, daily computer use of≥4h and constant eyeglasses wearing.

Objective To analyze the etiologic factors and clinical manifestation of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in preterm infants.Methods One hundred and seventy-two preterm infants from June 2005 to August 2006 were accrued to investigate their gestational age,birth weight,birth history,and clinical symptoms.Cranial chromatic ultrasound was used to scan the preterm infants and diagnose IVH.Results 1.The incidence of IVH was associated with gestational age (?2=6.40 P=0.011);2.The incidence of IVH was also associated with birth weight(?2=26.49 P=0);3.IVH usually occurred within 72 h with mild clinical manifestations and was diagnosed within 5 days after birth;4.IVH occurred more frequently and more severe in infants with severe asphyxia than those with mild asphyxia.Conclusions Early gestational age,low birth weight, and severe asphyxia are risk factors for IVH.The clinical symptoms of IVH are usually mild in most patients.Cranial chromatic ultrasound is a reliable,sensitive and convenient method of detection for IVH in preterm infants.

Background Epidemiological investigation in human has been conclusive. In postmenopausal women,the incidence of cataract is higher than men at the same age. In addition,hormone replacement therapy may protect against the development of cataract. However,this role of androgen is not clear. Objective This study was to explore the effects of estrogen and androgen on anti-oxidative ability of lens after ovariectomy. Methods Fifty-six three-month-old clean female Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group,sham operation group, castration group,estrogen eyedrops group;estrogen injection group;androgen eyedrops group;androgen injection group and 8 rats for each. Ovariectomy was performed in the rats of castration group and gonadal hormone application group, and estradiol benzoate solution or testosterone propionate solution were utilized topically or systemly in 5 months after ovariectomy for 6 weeks respectively. Only abdominal cut was curried out in sham operation group. The lenses of rats were examined weekly under the slit lamp. The serum estrogen and androgen levels of rats were detected before,after operation and 6 weeks following the administration of gonadal hormone. The contents of superoxide dismutase( SOD) , glutathione( GSH) ,malondialdehyde( MDA) and water-soluble protein ( WSP) in rat lens homogenate were detected at the end of the experiment. Utilization of animals complied with the Regulation for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission. Results No opacity of lenses was found during the experiment duration in various groups. The serum estradiol levels of rats in sham group were insignificantly different from normal groups in various time points( P>0. 05). The evident decline of serum estradiol was detected in the rats of castration group and gonadal hormone application groups compared with sham group in 5 months after operation( all P<0. 01). However,at the sixth weeks after the system use of estradiol or testosterone,the serum estradiol levels were significantly higher than the castration group and topical application groups of gonadal hormone(P<0. 01). The contents of SOD,GSH and WSP in lenses were considerably increased,but the MDA level in lenses was decreased after system use of estrogen ( P<0. 01). The activity of SOD and GSH were lower after system use of testosterone in comparison with castration rats ( P < 0. 05 ). Conclusion Estrogen can protect lens against oxidation damage. However, androgen, to a certain extent, may contribute to the development of oxidative damage in OVX female rats.

Objective : To analyze the survival of patients with malignant mesothelioma, so as to provide insights into the management of malignant mesothelioma. Methods : Totally 36 patients with malignant mesothelioma admitted to Cixi Third People’s Hospital from October 2012 to January 2021 were enrolled, and the demographic features, exposure to asbestos, and diagnosis and treatment were retrospectively reviewed. The survival rate and median survival time were calculated with the life-table method, and the factors affecting the survival rate of malignant mesothelioma were identified using the Kaplan-Meier estimate and log-rank test. Results : The 36 patients with malignant mesothelioma included 6 men ( 16.67% ) and 30 women ( 83.33% ), and had a median age of 61 ( interquartile range, 14 ) years. There were 30 cases with pleural malignant mesothelioma ( 83.33% ) and 6 cases with peritoneal malignant mesothelioma ( 16.67% ), 32 cases ( 88.89% ) with a history of occupational exposure to asbestos, and 26 cases ( 72.22% ) receiving palliative treatment. The 1-, 2- and 3-year cumulative survival rates were 30%, 15% and 3%, respectively, and the median survival time was 0.71 years. In addition, there were no significant differences in the survival period among patients with malignant mesothelioma in terms of gender, age, route of asbestos exposure, duration of asbestos exposure, pathogenic site and treatment regimens ( P>0.05 ). Conclusion The 36 patients with malignant mesothelioma had a median survival period of 0.71 years, and no association was found between the survival period and asbestos exposure or pathogenic site.

ObjectiveTo observe effects of rehabilitation training on behavior and sensory evoked potential of rats with acute cerebral infarction.Methods30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham operation groups (group A), model group (group B), and rehabilitation group (group C). Animal model was made by blocking the middle cerebral artery (MCA). For each group, the Bederson Neural Function was scored and balancing wood, rotating bar, and net screen were tested at the 24 hours, 3rd day and 7th day after operation respectively. The sensory evoked potential (SEP) latency of each group was also tested right after operation and on the 7th day after operation.ResultsComparing with group A, Bederson Neural Function scores of groups B and C indicated significant differences at each time (P<0.01). The ability of grasping, walking and coordinating of all groups handicapped 24 hours after operation, however, with time continuing, every function of group A restored and that of group B or C improved partly, but showed significant difference compared with group A (P<0.01). On the 3rd day after operation, balancing wood test of group C was better than that of group B (P<0.05), on the 7th day after operation, except Bederson Neural Function scores, there were significant difference between groups C and B (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Right after operation, compared with group A, the SEP latency of group B and C showed significant difference (P<0.01), on the 7th day after operation, the SEP latency of group C improved significantly compared with itself right after operation (P<0.01).ConclusionThe rehabilitation training can improve the MCAO rats' ability of equilibrating,grasping and walking and adjust the abnormal latency of SEP after MCAO, and prevent the nerve cells from damage caused by ischemic trauma.