Objective:To investigate the impact of polysomy 17 of breast cancer on testing results of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and its clinicopathologic significance. Methods:Seventy-one patients with primary invasive breast carcinoma were studied. The HER2 gene and chromosome 17 copy numbers were determined by dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The testing results were expressed by absolute HER2 gene copy number or the ratio of HER2 to chromosome 17. Based on the FISH testing results and HER2 protein expression determined by immunohistochemistry the results were compared between different groups divided by related clinicopathologic parameters.Results:All patients who had doubtable FISH results, either by absolute HER2 copy number (14 of 71 patients; 19.7%) or by the ratio HER2/chromosome 17 (2 of 71 patients, 2.8%), displayed polysomy 17. Polysomy 17-positive patients had no significant difference with HER2-negative patients in tumor grade, lymph node metastasis, and estrogen receptor (ER) expression (all P>0.05); but compared with HER2-positive patients, they showed lower tumor grade (50.0% vs 81.5%, P=0.025), higher rate of negative lymph node (55.6% vs 25.9%, P=0.045), and higher rate of ER positive expression (83.3% vs 41.7%, P=0.005) and progesterone receptor(PR)positive expression (87.5% vs 44.4%, P=0.003).Conclusion:Compared with HER2 gene amplification group, polysomy 17-positive group tends to have negative HER2 gene expression. Polysomy 17 influences the testing results of HER2 and may be the main factor that caused doubtable results in FISH examination.

?Pathological myopia are often complicated by a series of pathological changes in fundus including foveoschisis, which can lead to visual dysfunction when processing with retinal detachment, macular hole, epiretinal membrane and vitreoretinal traction diseases. According to the current knowledge, the main mechanism of foveoschisisi might be attributed to the impaired macular structure and function caused by a variety of traction on the retinal and retina poor condition. Surgical treatments have been reported to be effective in treating foveoschisis, however, the indications and surgical procedures are still controversial. ln this article, we reviewed the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment strategies and prognosis of pathological myopia foveoschisis.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of multiple radiofrequency ablation therapy of trigeminal neuralgia. Methods 60 patients diagnoised as trigeminal neuralgia in our hospital were included from January 2014 to september 2014. The patients were randomly divided into two groups , 30 patients in treatment group and 30 patients in control group. Patients in treatment group were treated by multiple radiofrequency ablation therapy while patients in control group were treated by radiofrequency thermal coagulation therapy for trigeminal ganglion.Then comparing the curative effect of the two groups after the treatment. Results The VAS score showed insignificant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion The multiple radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia is effective clinically as fewer complications and shows higher security.

Objective To establish hybridization method by using the DNA-modified colloid gold nanopartieles probes for rapid and specified detection of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Methods DNA-modified nanoparticles probes were prepared by using two mereapto-modified mecA gene-specific oligonucleotide probes bounding with 6Ohm-diameter colloid gold nanoparticles through covalent binding. Genomic DNA of Staphylococcus aureus strains were extracted and then fragmented by ultrasonic waves. The fragmentized DNA was hybridized with the DNA-modified colloid gold nanoparticles probes. The reaction products were centrifuged and then detected by reversed-phase thinlayer chromatography plate to observe any colloid gold nanoparticles precipitation. The results of mecA gene detected by the colloid gold nanoparticles probes hybridization were compared with the results of PCR and the accuracy of the hybridization method was evaluated. Results Of total 95 tested strains, 71 strains were confirmed as MRSA and 24 swains were confirmed as methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) by PCR. Of 71 MRSA strains, 69 strains were positive by colloid gold nanoparticles probes hybridization, the sensitivity of this method was 97.2%. All of the 24 MSSA strains were negative by using this technique. The specificity of this method was 100%. Of total 95 test strains ,93 strains were detected correctly. The accuracy was 97.9%. Conclusions Colloid gold nanoparticles probes hybridization test is well consistent with the gold standard method of PCR in detection of MRSA. Detection of MRSA by using the technique of the DNA-modified colloid gold nanopartichs probes hybridization is rapid, simple and accurate. It is potent to be a new method for rapid diagnosis of MRSA infection.

UNLABELLED: To ensure the consistency of genotype results for PowerPlex 21 kit and Goldeneye 20A kit. METHODS: The STR loci were amplified in DNA samples from 205 unrelated individuals in Beijing Han population. And consistency of 19 overlap STR loci typing were observed. The genetic polymorphism of D1S1656 locus was obtained. RESULTS: All 19 overlap loci typing showed consistent. The proportion of peak height of heterozygous loci in two kits showed no statistical difference (P > 0.05). The observed heterozygosis of D1S1656 was 0.878. The discrimination power was 0.949. The excluding probability of paternity of triplet was 0.751. The excluding probability of paternity of diploid was 0.506. The polymorphism information content was 0.810. CONCLUSION PowerPlex 21 kit and Goldeneye 20A kit present a good consistency. The primer design is reasonable. The polymorphism of D1S1656 is good. The two kits can be used for human genetic analysis, paternity test, and individual identification in forensic practice.
DNA/analysis* ; DNA Fingerprinting ; DNA Primers ; Genotype ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Paternity ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic

AIM: To investigate curative effects of excimer laser corneal refractive surgery for adults or older adolescent with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia.METHODS: From March 2014 to March 2016, we selected 26 cases 26 eyes of adults or older adolescent with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia in our hospital.All eyes underwent laser in situ keratomileusis, observed for the uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), diopter and stereopsis.RESULTS: At the end of the follow-up, the patient`s spherical equivalent and anisometropia were 1.47±0.51D and 1.15±0.22D, were significantly lower than that before operation (P<0.05).At the end of the follow-up, the distance and near UCVA and BCVA were 0.26±0.13 and 0.23±0.09, 0.42±0.09 and 0.31±0.16, which were significantly higher than those before operation (P<0.05).At the end of follow-up, the visual function of the patients was significantly improved (P<0.05), the rate of postoperative visual function < 100 eyes was 23%.CONCLUSION: In adult or older adolescent with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia, excimer laser corneal refractive surgery has a certain effect.

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Cholecystitis, Acute ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Myocarditis ; diagnosis ; pathology

Electronic case report forms (eCRFs) instead of the traditional paper case report forms (pCRFs) are increasingly used by investigators and sponsors of clinical research. We include a total of 14 phase III studies (8 pCRF, 6 eCRF) to compare paper and electronic data documentation both quantitatively and qualitatively in clinical studies. The result suggests that adaptions of electronic data capture (EDC) in clinical trials have the advantages in optimization of data capture process, improvement of data quality and earlier clinical decision compared to paper-based methods. Furthermore, the successful implementation of EDC requires accouplements with corresponding data management processes and reallocation of resources.
Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic ; Data Collection ; methods ; Information Storage and Retrieval ; methods ; Medical Informatics

Due to a great amount of data in clinical trials, the data cleansing needs to adopt a variety of measures, including the latest developed visual check approach. According to the different types of clinical data and the different stages in the course of clinical data management, this study reviews 8 types of visual graphics that show the relevance and trend among the data. The series of graphics can rapidly detect abnormal data, monitor clinical research in real-time, make the data management process much easier and improve the clinical trial efficiency and data quality.
Clinical Trials as Topic ; standards ; Data Collection ; standards ; Information Storage and Retrieval ; methods

Objective To study the effect of public hospitals vertical integration on scale economy in Shanghai. MethodsA total of 401 samples of 67 hospitals from 1999 to 2004 in Shanghai were collected.Median regression was performed to estimate the multi-output cost function and marginal cost of discharge patients,and scale economies were calculated.Results The independent variables Beds,W,X1,X23,Region,Level,Y03,and Y04 were all predictors of cost.Conclusion Both integrated tertiary and secondary hospitals had scale economy before and after integration.Integration enhanced the output and improved the efficiency of integrated secondary hospitals.To some extent,patients were dispersed to secondary hospitals.