The studies on pathophysiological mechanism and treatment method of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage mainly focus on animal experiment,which has been established various animal models in the laboratory.According to the different implanted tissues,there are four kinds of intracerebral hemorrhage,including ischemia,trauma,spontaneous or implanting intracal extraneous materials reduced intracerebral hemorrhage.Further more,the implanted extraneous materials contain inert substances-reduced intracerebral hemor-rhage,biological agent induced and autologous arterial blood simulated intracerebral hemorrhage.This paper summarizes the kinds,preparation methods and characteristics of each animal models of intracerebral hemorrhage.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of VEGF-transfected neural stem cells (NSCs) transplantation to striatum for amelioration of neural damage induced by cerebral ischemia.Methods Temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) models were established and randomly divided into control group, PBS transplantation group, NSCs transplantation group (n=10) and VEGF-secreting NSCs transplantation group (n=20). The grafts in each group were transplanted into right striatum respectively 3 days after tMCAO model established. NSS was checked in all groups 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 weeks respectively after transplantation. By using immunofluorescent staining, VEGF expression in transfected NSCs was detected 7 days after transplantation. Differentiation of transplanted NSCs was investigated 12 weeks after transplantation. Endothelial cells around the transplantation area were semi-quantitated by using immunohistochemistry staining.Results NSS in VEGF-secreting NSCs transplantation group was lower than in other three groups from 2-12 weeks. There was significant difference in NSS among the groups 12 weeks after transplantation (P

Objective To explore the antiepileptic effect and mechanism of glucocorticoid. Methods Animal behaviour observation and immunocytochemical staining. Results Major epilepsy was induced by pentylenetetrazole(PTZ).Dexamethasone or diphenylhydantoin(DPH) administered in rat 30?min before administration of PTZ could suppress or inhibit epileptiform.Immunocytochemistry demonstrated that there was a large number of hypertrophic astrocytes with GFAP immunoreaction in cerebral cortex,hippocampal gyrus and dentate gyrus of epileptic rats induced by PTZ.The immunoreaction of GFAP was obviously weakened,the number of positive cells was reduced,the processes were shorter and less in both groups of antiepilepsy by GC or DPH.The expression of Fos protein was in a great quantity in cerebral cortex 1 to 1\^5 hours after seizure induced by PTZ,whereas their expressions were remarkable suppressed in GC or DPH antiepileptic groups. Conclusion 1\^The antiepileptic effect of GC was further proved by comparing with the antiepileptic effects of DPH(a traditional antiepileptic drug). 2\^Inhibited activity of astrocytes might be involved in antiepileptic mechanism of GC. 3\^The change of expression of Fos protein might be closely related to epileptic actions. [

Objective To investigate the distribution of interleukin\|2 receptor (IL\|2R) and glucocorticoid receptor(GR) and identify coexistence of IL\|2R and GR in the rat brain. Methods The double labeling immunocytochemical technique(PAP method combined with ABC method), DAB and BDHC were used in the double labeling immunocytochemical method as the chromogens respectively. The reactive products of former was brown or yellow and later was black blue. Results IL\|2R and GR positive neurons were widely distributed in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, many motor and sense nuclei in the brain stem. The immunoreactive products of IL\|2R were found to be located on cell membrane and GR in nucleus and cytoplasm. There were a lot of positive double labeling neurons in the rat brain. The rate of double labeled cells in the total number of positive cells varied in different regions of brain, such as, 50 percent in cerebral cortex and 30 percent in nucleus of abducent nerve. Conclusion Immunogical cytokines and hormone could regulate the neuronal function through their corresponding receptors which coexisted in the same brain neurons. The present study might provide morphological evidence in the level of receptor for the immuno\|neuro\|endocrine network.

The divergent projections in the bulbo-cerebellar system of rats were studied by double fluorescein labeling method. 2 ?1 of 2％ Fast blue (FB)were injected into the cerebellar cortex of left anterior lobe, 32 hours later, 2 ?l of 2％ Nuclear yellow (NY)were injected into the cerebellar cortex of right anteior lobe. The animals were allowed to survive 16 hours thereafter. Intracardiac perfusion were performed with 10％ formalin in 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffer. The cerebellum and medulla oblongata were removed and serial sections at 20 ?m were cut by cryostat. One of every two sections was preserved for fluorescence microscopic observation. The results identified that there was no intereonnection between the anterior lobes of two cerebellar hemispheres and the anterior lobe of cerebellum received afferent projections from much more nuclei of the medulla oblongata than previous description. The FB or NY single labeled and FB/NY double labeled cells were observed in the nucleus reticularis lateralis, subnucleus reticularis ventralis, nucleus raphe obscurus, nucleus prepositus hypoglossi, nucleus cuneatus lateralis, nucleus spinalis nervi trigemini and nucleus olivaris aceessorius dorsalis. The double labeled cells accounted for 23％ of total labeled cells except the nucleus olivaris inferior. The results mentioned above suggested that the cerebellum receive multiple afferent connections originated from the medulla oblongata, and the divergent projections further amplify the information-receiving areas in the cerebellum, and synchronize the activities of both cerebellar hemispheres.

Objective To investigate the use situation of sunscreen agent in the sunblock cosmetics.Methods Statistic analysis was performed in the kinds,frequencies,dosages of sunsereen agents and the mark dosage coincidence in 414 cosmetics from Sep.2004 to Aug.2007.Results Fourteen kinds of sunscreen agents including phenylbenzimidazole sulphonic acid and its potassium,sodium and triethanolamine salts,benzophenone-4,benzophenone-5,benzophenone-3,isopentyl p-methoxycirmamate, 4-methylbenzylidene camphor,ethylhexyl dimethyl PABA,butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane,octocrylene,ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate,ethylhexyl salicylate,ethylhexyl triazone,methylene bis-benzotriazolyl tetramethylbutylphenol,bis- ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine were detected in 414 cosmetics.The use frequency of ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate was above 90%,butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane was 30%,benzophenone-3 and ethylhexyl salicylate were 15% and 11% respectively,and others were less than 10%.The rate of exceed standard limit of ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate,octocrylene, ethylhexyl salicylate,4-methylbenzylidene camphor ethylhexyl dimethyl PABA were 0.24%,0.97%,1.21%,0.48% and 0.24% respectively.The mark dosage coincidence rate of 14 kinds of sunscreen agents were from 42.9% to 89.5%.Conclusion The many kinds of sunscreen agents were used in the sunblock cosmetics,so the special attention should be paid to the cosmetics safety.

An Aspergillus sp. strain F3 was isolated and identified from the rhizosphere soil of mangrove plant, Rhizophora stylosa Griff in Dongzhai harbor mangrove forest conservation in China. In this study, the effects of media salinity and pH on the mycelial biomass and the ability of producing antibacterial metabo- lites from this isolate were carefully analyzed. Results showed that this isolate can grow well on the SDA medium with higher salinity (3%~9%) and higher pH (8~10). Under the modified culturing conditions, this isolate can secret the antibacterial and antitumor metabolites. The extracts of acetic ether were about 448 mg/L of the fermentation broth. The antibacterial activities of the acetic ether extract were analyzed with bacteria and fungus. Results showed this extract can suppress the growth of Staphylococcus aureus、S. epi-dermidis、Sarcina lutea、Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli with MIC of 31.3 ?g/mL, 31.3 ?g/mL, 7.8 ?g/mL, 7.8 ?g/mL and 125.0 ?g/mL, respectively. It can also suppress the growth of Candida albicans with MIC of 125.0 ?g/mL. Further studies uncovered the cytotoxicity of this extract against the tumor cells, such as ECV304, Lovo and HepG2 with IC50 of 3.45 ?g/mL, 4.88 ?g/mL and 14.31 ?g/mL respectively.

Objective To evaluate MRI in the diagnosis of the bone contusion of the knee joint and its clinical significance.Methods Using special coil for knee joint,coronal,sagittal,axial and oblique sagittal plane scanning with fast spin-echo sequence(T_1WI,T_2WI,PDWI+FS)was performed on knee joint in 205 patients in three days after injury.According the distributing bone marrow edema and injury mechanism,bone contusion were classified five types as pivot shift injury,clip injury,dashboard injury, hyperextension injury and lateral patellar dislocation.Results One hundred and forty-five cases of the 205 patients were found bone marrow edema without fracture on X-ray films.Among them,pivot shift injury was found in 43 cases accompanied with anterior cruciate ligament rupture in 30 cases,tear of the posterior horn of the lateral or medial meniscus in 12 and tears of the medial collateral ligament in 8 cases;clip injury in 53 cases accompanied with anterior cruciate ligament rupture in 10 cases,tear of the posterior horn of the lateral or medial meniscus in 15 and tears of the medial collateral ligament in 38 cases;dashboard injury 40 cases accompanied with posterior cruciate ligament rupture in 16 cases,hyperextension injury 9 cases accompanied with anterior cruciate ligament rupture in 2 cases,posterior cruciate ligament rupture in 5 cases.No lateral patellar dislocation was found.Forty-eight of 145 patients had undergone arthroscopy, 43 cases(89.6%)of them were in accordance with MRI diagnosis.Bone contusion were defined as geographic regions of abnormal signal intensity,that is,low signal intensity in T_1-weighted images and high signal intensity in PD-weighted or T_2-weigeted images with fat saturation.Conclusion MRI can accurately display the location and area of bone contusion of the knee joint as well as its adjunctive structure injury and deduce their injury mechanism.MRI should be used routinely for knee trauma.

AIM: To study the effect of propolis on the expression of CD54 and activation of NF-?B p65 in lung tissue of acute lung injury (ALI) rats. METHODS: 40 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: normal control, model control, dectancyl group, water soluble derivative of propolis (WSP) group and ethanol extracted propolis (EEP) group. ALI animal model was performed by oleic acid and LPS twice attack. The pathologic slice was observed with light microscope and the NF-?B p65 activity and CD54 expression were tested by immunohistochemistry (SABC and SP). RESULTS: Both EEP and WSP antagonized the lung edema, decreased the inflammation and inhibited the expression of CD54 and activation of NF-?B p65. CONCLUSION: The increase in the expression of CD54 and the activation of NF-?B p65 in the lung tissues of ALI were involved in the formation of ALI. Propolis ameliorated the lung damage, which maybe related to the inhibition of CD54 expression and NF-?B p65 activation.

Objective To study the clinical value of Na+/I-symporter(NIS)expression on thyroid carcinoma diagnosis and 131I therapeutic effects prediction.Methods Thirty-one cases of thyroid carcinomas enrolled in this hospital from 1998 to 2006 were included.Using immunohistochemical method,NIS expression location,positive cell staining and expression intensity were observed,which was calculated by immunohistochemical scores(IHS)and NIS expression level was compared between primary and metastatic carcinoma.Results NIS was over-expressed on the basolateral membrane in positive control——Grave disease tissue,and showed no staining in negative control.NIS was expressed in cytoplasm in all 31 primary carcinomas,and IHS was over or equaled to 4 in 80.65% of them.Except for 2 no staining,NIS was expressed in cytoplasm in the rest 28 metastatic carcinomas.NIS expression was related to the pathological type of thyroid carcinoma,the strongest in PTC,then FTC,and the weakest in fvPTC.NIS expression in metastatic carcinoma was related to that in primary carcinoma.Conclusion NIS is over-expressed in cytoplasm in most thyroid carcinoma,and the iodide uptaking defect is mainly due to its wrong location.It has great potential to be applied in clinic by that it can help with the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid diseases,especially between FTA and FTC,and that it can help predict the therapeutic effects of 131I therapy following thyroid operation.