Purpose: Dual anti–human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) drugs have become the standard regimen for neoadjuvant systemic treatment (NST) to HER2-positive breast cancer patients. However, the efficacy varies greatly among patients with different HER2 protein expression levels. Materials and Methods: A total of 575 HER2-positive breast cancer patients from multiple centers throughout China from 2013 to 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. We compared clinicopathological features in different HER2 immunohistochemistry classes (HER2 2+/in situ hybridization [ISH] + or HER2 3+), and their difference in response to NST and survival with single or dual anti-HER2 drugs. Drug sensitivity assays were used to evaluate different efficacy of anti-HER2 drugs in vitro. Results: Compared to HER2 3+ subgroup, the HER2 2+/ISH+ group had a higher proportion of hormone receptor–positive status (48.7% vs. 76.1%, p < 0.001), more HER2 protein loss after NST, lower pathological complete response (pCR) rate (46.07% vs. 16.24%, p < 0.001), and tended to have worse disease-free survival (DFS). In HER2 2+/ISH+ patients, treated with pertuzumab and trastuzumab in combination had no significant improvement in pCR (19.12% vs. 12.24%, p=0.287) and DFS (p=0.908) than using alone. Drug sensitivity assay showed poor efficacy with dual anti-HER2 drugs in HER2 2+/ISH+ cell lines; however, fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan drugs had a satisfactory effect. Conclusion Owing to the differences in clinicopathological features and treatment efficacy, we considered the HER2 2+/ISH+ group to be a distinct subtype and defined it as the HER2-moderate–positive subgroup. In this subgroup, dual anti-HER2 drugs did not exert significant improvement in pCR and DFS. Therefore, treatment optimization is warranted, with antibody-drug conjugate drugs as potential options.

Objective:To investigate the current situation of nursing information ability of head nurses in different grades of hospitals in Jiaozuo City, and analyze its influencing variables based on the random forest model, so as to provide evidence-based basis for the construction of nursing information ability improvement strategies and training programs for head nurses.Methods:From August to September 2024, the head nurses of 20 hospitals of different grades were selected by cluster sampling method in Jiaozuo City as the research subjects. General Data Questionnaire and Nursing Information Ability Scale of Head Nurses were used to conduct a cross-sectional survey. Random forest model was used to evaluate the importance of variables, lasso regression analysis was applied to complete the variable screening, and the influencing factors of nursing information ability of head nurses were explored through stepwise multiple linear regression analysis.Results:A total of 305 questionnaires were ultimately collected, of which 297 were valid, the effective rate was 97.38%. Out of 297 head nurses, 6 were male and 291 were female; 49 individuals aged 20-29 years old, 127 individuals aged 30-39 years old, 92 individuals aged 40-49 years old, and 29 individuals aged ≥ 50 years old. The total score of nursing information ability was (139.06 ± 24.62). Random forest model and lasso regression analysis showed that the top 6 variables in terms of importance were the number of years serving as head nurses, participation in information function development, number of academic conferences in the past three years, hospital grade, participating in information training, and chairing or participating in scientific research in the past three years. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed that the number of years serving as head nurses, participating in information training, participating in information function development and number of academic conferences in the past three years had significant effects on nursing information ability of head nurses (t values were -4.66 to 3.81, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The nursing information ability of head nurses in Jiaozuo city is in the middle level, and the nursing information ability of head nurses in different grades of hospitals is different. It is suggested to construct a stepped information ability continuing education framework and a research-information ability coupling development mechanism, and incorporate nursing information ability into the necessary conditions for the appointment of nursing management posts, so as to realize the balanced development of nursing information management ability and the continuous iteration of nursing manager information ability.

Menstrual migraine is a specific subtype of migraine unique to women,closely related to the menstrual cycle,characterized by periodic and intractable headaches,often accompanied by nausea,vomiting or photophobia and phonophobia,which seriously affects life and has a high degree of disability.Its pathogenesis is complex,involving multi-dimensional regulation such as estrogen fluctuations,neurovascular responses and genetic and environmental factors,but the specific mechanism has not been fully clarified.In recent years,with the increasing social attention to women's health,the clinical research demand for menstrual migraine has become increasingly urgent.Currently,modern medicine can alleviate symptoms through acute drug intervention(such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,triptans)and preventive treatment(such as beta-blockers,CGRP antagonists),but there are problems such as drug dependence and insufficient individualization.Traditional Chinese medicine,based on the"holistic concept"and"syndrome differentiation and treatment"theory,regulates the balance of qi,blood,yin and yang through therapies such as traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture,showing unique advantages in improving symptoms and preventing recurrence.The combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine can optimize the therapeutic effect and reduce side effects through synergistic effects,but the full-cycle prevention and treatment strategy still needs further exploration.This article systematically reviews the pathogenesis and research progress of treatment of menstrual migraine in traditional Chinese and Western medicine,emphasizes the interaction between hormone fluctuations and neurovascular responses,and proposes an individualized intervention plan based on the menstrual cycle,providing new ideas for clinical practice and reference directions for future research.

Turning to critical illness is a common stage of various diseases and injuries before death. Patients usually have complex health conditions, while the treatment process involves a wide range of content, along with high requirements for doctor′s professionalism and multi-specialty teamwork, as well as a great demand for time-sensitive treatments. However, this is not matched with critical care professionals and the current state of medical care in China. Telemedicine, which shortens the distance of medical professionals and the gap of disease diagnosis and treatments in various regions through electronic information, can effectively solve the current problem. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a standardized, high-quality visualization telemedicine round system .Therefore, experts have been organized to search domestic and foreign literature on telemedicine round for critically ill patients and to form this consensus based on clinical experiences so as to further improve the level of critical care treatments in regions.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics and identification of the independent risk factors for disease progression in patients with anti-gp210 antibody-positive primary biliary cholangitis (PBC).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was performed. A total of 323 cases with PBC diagnosed in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from January 2013 to June 2023 (125 patients with anti-gp210 antibody-positive and 198 patients with anti-gp210 antibody-negative) were included. Baseline and follow-up data were collected. The independent sample t-test and Mann-Whitney U rank sum test were used for comparison between groups of continuous data. The χ2 test was used to compare the data between groups for the count data. The Pearson test was used for correlation analysis between continuous variables. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the disease progression-free survival rate. The Cox regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for disease progression. Results:The male proportion (11.2% vs. 5.1%, P=0.040) and IgM level [3.29(1.88, 4.80) g/L vs. 2.56(1.44, 3.87) g/L, P=0.019] were significantly higher in patients with PBC with positive anti-gp210 antibodies than those of the negative group. Histopathological analysis showed that the Scheuer score [1(0,3) vs. 0(0,2)], bile duct inflammation [(2(1,3) vs. 1(1,2)] and bile duct reaction score [(2(1,3) vs. 1(1,2)] were higher in the positive group than those of the negative group ( P<0.05), and the maturity of the tertiary lymphoid structure was higher ( P=0.011). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the 5-year disease-free survival rate was significantly lower in patients with positive anti-gp210 antibodies than that of the negative group (55.8% vs. 79.7%, P=0.006) at a median follow-up of 3(2,6) years. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that γ-glutamyl transferase [ HR=1.002 (95% CI: 1.000～1.003)] and platelet count [ HR=0.993 (95% CI: 0.988～0.999)] were the independent influencing factors for disease progression in patients with anti-gp210 antibody-positive PBC ( P=0.002, 0.017). Conclusion:Patients with anti-gp210 antibody-positive PBC have more severe clinical pathological manifestations and a higher risk of disease progression. Higher levels of γ-glutamyl transferase and lower platelet counts during the first visit are independent risk factors for disease progression in patients with anti-gp210 antibody-positive PBC, which can be used as dynamic monitoring indicators for this population, suggesting the need for early intensive intervention.

Objective To explore relationship between glucose metabolism and neonatal weight in high-risk gestational diabetes melli-tus(GDM).Method A retrospective study was conducted on 779 pregnant women who underwent prenatal examinations at Tongzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital in Beijing from March to June 2022.The data on pre-pregnancy weight,mid-and late-preg-nancy glycated albumin(GA)and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c),pre-delivery weight,gestational weight gain,and neonatal birth weight were collected.A GDM risk assessment model was established using multivariate logistic regression to classify pregnant women into high-risk and low-risk groups for GDM,followed by separate management strategies.Regression discontinuity(RD)analysis was applied to evaluate the relationship between gestational glucose metabolism status and neonatal birth weight.Results Among the 779 pregnant women,the overall incidence of macrosomia was 7.32％.The high-risk GDM group exhibited significantly higher pre-pregnan-cy weight,late-pregnancy HbA1c,and GA levels compared to the low-risk group(all P＜0.001).Neonatal birth weight in the high-risk group was significantly higher than that in the low-risk group(P＜0.05),with a significantly increased macrosomia incidence(13.55％vs 5.77％,P＜0.05).RD analysis revealed a jump reduction of 199.59 g(P=0.029)in neonatal birth weight at the risk score thresh-old.Conclusion Lifestyle glucose metabolism management in high-risk GDM pregnant women may effectively reduce neonatal birth weight,mitigated the trend of excessive gestational weight gain,and improved late-pregnancy HbA1c and GA levels,providing evi-dence-based support for maternal and child health services.

Menstrual migraine is a specific subtype of migraine unique to women,closely related to the menstrual cycle,characterized by periodic and intractable headaches,often accompanied by nausea,vomiting or photophobia and phonophobia,which seriously affects life and has a high degree of disability.Its pathogenesis is complex,involving multi-dimensional regulation such as estrogen fluctuations,neurovascular responses and genetic and environmental factors,but the specific mechanism has not been fully clarified.In recent years,with the increasing social attention to women's health,the clinical research demand for menstrual migraine has become increasingly urgent.Currently,modern medicine can alleviate symptoms through acute drug intervention(such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,triptans)and preventive treatment(such as beta-blockers,CGRP antagonists),but there are problems such as drug dependence and insufficient individualization.Traditional Chinese medicine,based on the"holistic concept"and"syndrome differentiation and treatment"theory,regulates the balance of qi,blood,yin and yang through therapies such as traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture,showing unique advantages in improving symptoms and preventing recurrence.The combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine can optimize the therapeutic effect and reduce side effects through synergistic effects,but the full-cycle prevention and treatment strategy still needs further exploration.This article systematically reviews the pathogenesis and research progress of treatment of menstrual migraine in traditional Chinese and Western medicine,emphasizes the interaction between hormone fluctuations and neurovascular responses,and proposes an individualized intervention plan based on the menstrual cycle,providing new ideas for clinical practice and reference directions for future research.

Aim To explore the mechanism of baicalin combined with heat stimulation in treating acute lym-phoblastic leukemia(ALL)based on network pharma-cology and in vitro experiments.Methods The CCK-8 assay was used to screen the suitable conditions for heat stimulation to interfere ALL cell lines Jurkat,CCRF-CEM,Hut-78 and a normal lymphocyte HMy2.CIR,and the effects of baicalin combined with heat stimulation on the proliferation of three ALL cell lines and a normal lymphocyte were tested.The key targets of baicalin combined with fever stimulation for the treatment of ALL were obtained based on network phar-macological analysis,and the potential mechanisms were predicted by gene ontology(GO)annotation and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)en-richment.The expression levels of TNF-α,AKT1,TYMS and CASP3 mRNA in ALL cell lines Jurkat and CCRF-CEM were examined by RT-qPCR with baicalin alone and baicalin combined with heat stimulation.Results The optimal conditions for heat stimulation to intervene ALL cells were 41 ℃ for 24 h,and heat stimulation combined with baicalin synergistically inhibited the growth of ALL cell lines and effectively reduced the cy-totoxicity of baicalin.Based on the network pharmaco-logical analysis,55 intersecting targets of baicalin with ALL diseases and 77 intersecting targets of baicalin with fever were obtained.The results of GO annotation and KEGG enrichment suggested that baicalin com-bined with fever stimulation to intervene ALL might be associated with influencing intracellular reactive oxygen species metabolism,DNA transcription and apoptotic processes involved in cysteine enzymes.Apoptosis,TNF and IL-17 signaling pathways were the key pathways for baicalin combined with heat stimulation in treating ALL.Under heat stimulation at 41 ℃ using SDHA gene as housekeeping gene,in vitro experiments showed that baicalin significantly up-regulated the expression of TNF-α and CASP3,and down-regulated the expression of TYMS in ALL cells.Conclusions Based on net-work pharmacologic analyses and in vitro experiments,baicalin combined with heat stimulation can regulate TNF-α and CASP3 gene levels in ALL cells and de-stroy cellular structure to promote cell apoptosis,thus synergistically treating ALL.

Objective To investigate the effects of m6A methylation modification and changes in oxidative stress levels on the progression of colorectal cancer(CRC)in Apemin/+mice with normal and high-fat diets.Methods C57BL/6J mice and Apcmin/+mice were fed with a normal or high-fat diet(60％fat)for 2(S group),6(M group),or 12 weeks(L group),respectively.Food intake,body mass,and the size,number,and volume of small intestinal polyps and colon tumors were then measured.Protein expression levels of the cancer markers Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in colon tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining and the serum levels or activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase,reduced glutathione,and lipid peroxide malondialdehyde were detected using appropriate kits.mRNA expression levels of m6A methylation-related enzymes in colon tissues were detected by RT-qPCR and total levels of m6A methylation modification in colon tissues were detected.Results(1)Apcmin/+mice showed rapid tumor growth from the early to middle stages of cancer.Tumor proliferation from the middle to late stages of cancer was slowed in mice fed a normal diet,while a high-fat diet promoted the further development of cancer.(2)Decreased m6A methylation levels and enhanced antioxidant capacity may have delayed advanced tumor development in Apcmin/+mice fed a normal diet.(3)In contrast,a high-fat diet may have promoted the sustainable development of CRC by increasing the total level of m6A methylation,while the enhanced antioxidant capacity may have been insufficient to resist the promoting effect of m6A methylation on CRC.Conclusions A high-fat diet may promote the advancement of CRC compared with a normal diet by affecting m6A methylation modification.Both normal and high-fat diets enhanced the antioxidant capacity,suggesting that antioxidant effects may initiate self-protection mechanisms during cancer progression.

Objective To explore relationship between glucose metabolism and neonatal weight in high-risk gestational diabetes melli-tus(GDM).Method A retrospective study was conducted on 779 pregnant women who underwent prenatal examinations at Tongzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital in Beijing from March to June 2022.The data on pre-pregnancy weight,mid-and late-preg-nancy glycated albumin(GA)and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c),pre-delivery weight,gestational weight gain,and neonatal birth weight were collected.A GDM risk assessment model was established using multivariate logistic regression to classify pregnant women into high-risk and low-risk groups for GDM,followed by separate management strategies.Regression discontinuity(RD)analysis was applied to evaluate the relationship between gestational glucose metabolism status and neonatal birth weight.Results Among the 779 pregnant women,the overall incidence of macrosomia was 7.32％.The high-risk GDM group exhibited significantly higher pre-pregnan-cy weight,late-pregnancy HbA1c,and GA levels compared to the low-risk group(all P＜0.001).Neonatal birth weight in the high-risk group was significantly higher than that in the low-risk group(P＜0.05),with a significantly increased macrosomia incidence(13.55％vs 5.77％,P＜0.05).RD analysis revealed a jump reduction of 199.59 g(P=0.029)in neonatal birth weight at the risk score thresh-old.Conclusion Lifestyle glucose metabolism management in high-risk GDM pregnant women may effectively reduce neonatal birth weight,mitigated the trend of excessive gestational weight gain,and improved late-pregnancy HbA1c and GA levels,providing evi-dence-based support for maternal and child health services.