In constructing the system of medical functional teaching and enhancing the quality and ability of students,we adjust the content and method of teaching in practice,and try to find students'problems in study through questionnaire survey and promote teaching reform and disciplines construction.

Objective To explore the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast (IMPC),and the distinction between IMPC and invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast (IDC).Methods From February 2004 to November 2013,195 IMPC patients and 420 IDC patients were analyzed retrospectively.Results There were significant differences in mammilla invasion,lymph vessel invasion,orange peel sign,soft tissue encroachment,neoadjuvant chemotherapy,radical mastcctomy,lymph node metastasis,clinical stages,tumor size,lymph node staging,estrogen receptor (ER),progestin receptor (PR),human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2),molecular subtyping,ratio of radiation,ratio of endocrine therapy,disease-free survival (DFS),overall survival (OS)between the two groups,all P ＜0.05.Patients with IMPC had lower 5-year DFS and OS rates (68.2％ and 73.8％,respectively) than IDC patients (85.7％ and 88.6％,respectively),all P ＜ 0.05.In IMPC patients with positive ER/PR,HER2-negative,smaller tumor volume,less lymph node metastasis,negative nipple invasion,negative lymphatic vessel tumor thrombus,negative orange peel change had higher 5-year DFS and OS rates than those with negative ER/PR,HER2 overexpression,larger tumor volume,more lymph node metastasis,positive nipple invasion,positive lymphatic vessel tumor thrombus,positive orange peel change,all P ＜ 0.05.Besides,the patients with pathologic stage Ⅰ had higher OS than those with stage Ⅲ (P ＜ 0.05).Cox regression analysis found that orange peel change,lymph vessel invasion and HER2 were the independent risk factors for the survival time of patients with IMPC.Conclusions IMPC patients have lower DFS and OS compared with IDC.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of detecting of Y-STR of fetal DNA in maternal plasma using Ion Torrent PGM™ System. METHODS: A total of 16 fetal DNA samples from maternal plasmas (8 cases from 38 weeks gestational age and 8 ones from 12 weeks) were prepared and a multiplex assay with 7 STR loci (DYS390, DYS391, DYS393, DYS438, DYS437, DYS456, DYS635) was designed for multiplex-PCR amplification. Using Ion Torrent PGM™ System, the results of Y-STR sequences and capillary electrophoresis were obtained and compared. RESULTS: Y-STR specific alleles were detected in the maternal plasma of all the pregnant women having male babies of second and third trimester, which were higher than that detected by capillary electrophoresis. Consistent Y-STR genotypes were observed between fetal DNA from maternal plasma and genomic DNA from the newborn babies. CONCLUSION Based on Ion Torrent PGM™ System, the prenatal Y-STR detection method may provide a high-sensitive and high-throughput choice for prenatal STR detection in forensic testing.
Alleles ; Chromosomes, Human, Y/genetics* ; DNA/blood* ; Family ; Female ; Fetal Blood/chemistry* ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Pregnancy ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sex Determination Analysis ; Tandem Repeat Sequences/genetics*

Several kinds of column chromatography method were used to investigate the chemical constituents of the leaves of Lophatherum gracile. The structures of the isolated compounds were identified based on their physicochemical properties and spectral data. A new flavone C-glycoside was isolated and its structure was identified as 3'-methoxyl-luteolin 6-C-beta-D-galactopyranosiduronic acid (1 --> 2) -alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (1).
Antiviral Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavones ; chemistry ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Hydrolysis ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Poaceae ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Bushen Tiaojing Recipe (BTR) on the quality of oocytes, reproductive hormones, and the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-15 (BMP15) of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) patients.

METHODSSixty infertility patients who prepared for IVF-ET were assigned to two groups according to the treatment order, the treatment group [20 cases, treated with BTR + controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH)] and the control group (treated with COH alone, 40 cases). Age, the time limit for infertility, basal follicle-stimulating hormone (bFSH) concentration, usage days and the dosage of gonadotropins (Gn), serum levels of estradiol (E2), luteotropic hormone (LH), and progesterone (P) on the HCG injection day, the number of retrieved occytes, the fertilization rate, the number of embryos, the high quality embryo rate, and the clinical pregnancy rate were compared. Concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), LH, E2, testosterone (T), and P in the follicular fluid were detected via chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay. The mRNA and protein expression of BMP-15 in mature granulosa cells was detected by real-time fluorescent PCR and Western blot.

RESULTSThirty-two patients were pregnant and the total pregnancy rate was 53.3%. Of them, 19 were pregnant and the total pregnancy rate was 47.5% in the control group, while 20 were pregnant and the total pregnancy rate was 65.0% in the treatment group. But there was no statistical difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Compared with the control group, the Gn dosage was lower and the high quality embryo rate was higher in the treatment group, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in serum concentrations of E2, LH, or P on the HCG injection day, the number of retrieved oocytes, or the fertilization rate (P > 0.05). Compared with the control group, FSH concentrations in the follicular fluid were significantly lower and LH concentrations were significantly higher in the treatment group (P < 0.05). The LH concentrations in the follicular fluid were significantly higher in pregnant patients than non-pregnant patients, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05).There was no statistical difference in E2, T, or P concentrations (P > 0.05). The mRNA and protein expression of BMP-15 in granulosa cells was higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.05). It was also higher in pregnant patients than non-pregnant patients, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONDuring the IVF-ET process, BTR could elevate the quality of oocytes, and increase the sensitivity of ovarian follicles to exogenous Gn, which was correlated with the mRNA and protein expression of BMP-15 in granulosa cells, and changing concentrations of FSH and LH.

Adult ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Embryo Transfer ; Estradiol ; blood ; metabolism ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; metabolism ; Follicular Fluid ; metabolism ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; metabolism ; Oocytes ; drug effects ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone ; blood ; metabolism ; Testosterone ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Due to the insufficiency in colposcopy image database collection in china, a novel image database is developed and it will be the basis of a computer-aided-diagnosis system for colposcopy. An improved search algorithm of color is designed based on the current content-based image retrieval algorithms for the characteristics of colposcopy images. This algorithm is authenticated by more than one hundred of clinical pictures with primary satisfactory result.
Algorithms ; Colposcopy ; statistics & numerical data ; Databases, Factual ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; User-Computer Interface

Objective To investigate protective effects of schisandra lignans on doxorubicin-induced liver injury in rats. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into six groups: normal control, model control, vitamin C and schisandra lignans at small, middle, and high doses. The liver injury model was established by intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin. Normal controls were intragastrically administrated with 0. 9%sodium chloride solution,while other groups were administrated with different medications,respectively. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) in serum,nitric oxide (NO) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in liver tissue homogenate were measured. Histopathological changes in hepatic tissues were also observed. Results Serum IL-10 and tissue NO were obviously lower in the model control group than those in other groups,while those in all schisandra lignans treated groups were significantly improved (P<0. 05, P<0. 01). The AST level in schisandra lignans middle- and high dose groups was (372. 58±105. 80) and (327. 92±42. 80) U·g-1 ,respectively,significantly lower than (565. 07±22. 13) U·g-1 in the model control group (P<0. 05,P<0. 01). Histopathological analysis showed that degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes were remarkably alleviated in all schisandra lignans treated groups. Conclusion Schisandra lignans protect rats against doxorubicin-induced liver injury.

AIM:To make compound demethycantharidin(including Radix astragali and Rhizoma bletillae) into stomach remaining-floating sustained-release preparation. METHODS:Radix astragal and Rhizoma betillae pulverized to superfine powders were combined with hydrophilic gel to manufacture stomach remaining-floating sustained-release tablet(floating tablet). RESULTS:The tablet started to drift in 3 min in the artificial gastric juice and float lasted for more than 8 h. By isotopic tracering,the floating tablets given on an empty stomach were retarded for 2-3 h and on large meal for 4-5 h in combination with ordinary tablet only retarded for 1 h. A pharmacopoeia dissolution method was set up to determine the release. 50% of tablets were disintegration in 5 h,70% in 8 h. The t 1/2 was 5.1 h(2-4 h for ordinary tablets),and the MRT was 8.3 h(3.3 h for ordinary tablets),and the remaining-floating sustained-release tablets showed a relative bioavailability of 230.71%. CONCLUSION:Pretreatment of raw herbs from compound demethylcantharidin and selection of the excipients will help to produce the herb-containing floating tablet.

Background Studies have determined that nucleotide binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) plays a key role in innate immune response.However,whether NOD2 participates in the nature defense of fungal keratitis is unclear.Objective This study was to investigate the expression and significance of NOD2 on cornea in the initial of Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis (AFK) in rats.Methods Seventy-two adult clean Wistar rats were randomized into the normal control group,only corneal epithelial scraped group and AFK model group,and the AFK models were established by incubating Aspergillus fumigatus to cornea after corneal epithelium was scraped.All the operations were performed in the right eyes of rats.Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) was carried out to detect the expression of NOD2 mRNA in corneal epithelium 4,8,16,24 hours after operation.Twenty-four hours after operation,the expression of NOD2 protein in rat corneas was examined by immunochemistry and immnunofluorescence technology.Also,the rat corneas were obtained for regular histopathological examination.The use and care of the animals complied with Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Guidebook by NIH.Results All the models were made successfully.RT-PCR revealed that a fewer NOD2 mRNA were expressed on cornea in the normal control group,but the expressing levels of NOD2 mRNA were increased in the only corneal epithelial scraped group and AFK model group.Compared with only corneal epithelial scraped group,the elevated values of NOD2 mRNA expression in the AFK model group were statistically significant at 4,8,16 and 24 hours after operation (t =-0.409,-0.439,-0.534,-0.618,all at P=0.000).The histopathological examination displayed that the cornel tissue had intact structure in the normal control group,and partly corneal epithelial deficiency,slight corneal swelling and fewer neutrophil granulocytes were seen in the only corneal epithelial scraped group.However,corneal ulcer,severe corneal edema and a lot of neutrophil granulocytes were exhibited in the AFK model group.Immunochemistry and immnunofluorescence staining evidenced that weaker expression of NOD2 was visualized in the corneal epithelial and endothelial layers,and obviously enhanced staining was seen in the AFK model group.The expressing levels (absorbancy) were 0.045 ± 0.005,0.050 ± 0.005 and 0.092 ± 0.006 in the normal control group,only corneal epithelial scraped group and AFK model group,respectively,showing a significant increase in the AFK model group compared with the only corneal epithelial scraped group (t =0.042,P =0.000).Conclusions Expression of NOD2 is upregulated in the corneas with AFK,suggesting that NOD2 participates the natural defense in the initial of fungal keratitis.NOD2 may play an important role in the process of anti-fungal innate immune response in cornea.

Objective To analyse MMACHC mutations for 45 pedigrees with combined methylmalonic aciduria and homocyctinuria by Sanger sequencing, and to discuss the utility of prenatal genetic diagnosis for these pedigrees.Method Peripheral blood was collected from 45 probands and their parents from 2012-2015 in Genetic Counselling Clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, and the DNA were extracted from the blood.Then the coding sequence of MMACHC gene was amplified by PCR, and the PCR products were further sequenced to detect mutations for each pedigree.For 12 families, chorionic villus sampling was performed on the pregnant women to make prenatal genetic diagnosis.Result There were 14 distinct mutations detected in the 45 pedigrees, and the most frequent mutations are c.609G>A(W203X),c.658-660delAAG(K220del)and c.80A>G (Q27A).Two of those mutations have not been reported before:one is a splicing site mutation c.81+1G>A;while the other is a missense mutation c.665A>G,p.Y222C.Most mutations were found in exon 4.Among the 12 pedigrees who received prenatal diagnosis, 2 fetuses were normal, 7 fetuses were carriers of heterozygous mutation, and the other 3 fetuses were patients with compound heterozygous mutation or homozygous mutation.The couples whose fetuses were normal or carriers continued the gestation, while the couples whose fetuses were patients decided to terminate the pregnancy.After delivery, the outcome of the fetuses was the same as the prenatal diagnose results.Conclusion Two novel mutations of MMACHC were identified and prenatal genetic diagnosis helps to avoid the delivery of combined methylmalonic aciduria and homocyctinuria patients.