Objective To investigate the influence of different intervention models on autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children. Methods Eighty-eight children aged from 12-46 months and newly diagnosed ASD were randomly assigned to different intervention models, including standard intervention group (T1, n=55), non-standard intervention group (T2, n=11), and family intervention group (T3, n=22). The intervention data was recorded including time and methods. Chinese revised version of Psycho-Educational Profile (C-PEP) and social adaptive behavior scale were used to test the development quota?tion (DQ) before and after intervention. Results There were significant statistical differences in C-PEP scale and pathologi?cal score before and after intervention in T1 group (P<0.01). There were significant differences in the pathological score, in?terpersonal and cooperative behaviors, sensory patterns and language barriers after intervention in T2 group (P<0.05). And there were no significant changes in the developmental quotient. The perception, gross motor, cognitive performance and the developmental quotient of oral cognition were significantly reduced after the intervention in T3 group (P<0.05). There was no significant change in pathology score. Results showed that there were significant differences in the imitation, perception, cognitive performance, oral cognition and general development before and after the intervention between three groups ( P<0.05). Conclusion A significant effect is found in children with autism spectrum disorder after standard intervention.

Objective: To study the protective effect of glutamine on intestine in mice damaged by radiation. Methods: Mice were exposed to 137 Cs rays (dose of 4Gy) with the whole body. The protetive effects of glutamine on intestine radiational damages were studied. Result: After radiation, GSH contents, SOD activities, protein and DNA contents were decreased and MDA contents were increased in intestinal mucosa. Villus height was shortened, crypt depth was deepened, wall width and villus surface area were decreased. Glutamine supplement restrained the changes of indices above mentioned and made them close to normal levels. Conclusion: Glutamine supplement had the protective effect on radiation damage in mice.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of detecting of Y-STR of fetal DNA in maternal plasma using Ion Torrent PGM™ System. METHODS: A total of 16 fetal DNA samples from maternal plasmas (8 cases from 38 weeks gestational age and 8 ones from 12 weeks) were prepared and a multiplex assay with 7 STR loci (DYS390, DYS391, DYS393, DYS438, DYS437, DYS456, DYS635) was designed for multiplex-PCR amplification. Using Ion Torrent PGM™ System, the results of Y-STR sequences and capillary electrophoresis were obtained and compared. RESULTS: Y-STR specific alleles were detected in the maternal plasma of all the pregnant women having male babies of second and third trimester, which were higher than that detected by capillary electrophoresis. Consistent Y-STR genotypes were observed between fetal DNA from maternal plasma and genomic DNA from the newborn babies. CONCLUSION Based on Ion Torrent PGM™ System, the prenatal Y-STR detection method may provide a high-sensitive and high-throughput choice for prenatal STR detection in forensic testing.
Alleles ; Chromosomes, Human, Y/genetics* ; DNA/blood* ; Family ; Female ; Fetal Blood/chemistry* ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Pregnancy ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sex Determination Analysis ; Tandem Repeat Sequences/genetics*

To explore novel ADP receptor inhibitors with anti-thrombotic activity, eighteen compounds were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR and MS. The results showed that the activity of compound C1 was superior to ticlopidine in platelet aggregation inhibition tests in vivo and worthy for further investigation. Compounds A4, B2, C4 and C7 possessed moderate platelet aggregation inhibitory activities.

AIM:To make compound demethycantharidin(including Radix astragali and Rhizoma bletillae) into stomach remaining-floating sustained-release preparation. METHODS:Radix astragal and Rhizoma betillae pulverized to superfine powders were combined with hydrophilic gel to manufacture stomach remaining-floating sustained-release tablet(floating tablet). RESULTS:The tablet started to drift in 3 min in the artificial gastric juice and float lasted for more than 8 h. By isotopic tracering,the floating tablets given on an empty stomach were retarded for 2-3 h and on large meal for 4-5 h in combination with ordinary tablet only retarded for 1 h. A pharmacopoeia dissolution method was set up to determine the release. 50% of tablets were disintegration in 5 h,70% in 8 h. The t 1/2 was 5.1 h(2-4 h for ordinary tablets),and the MRT was 8.3 h(3.3 h for ordinary tablets),and the remaining-floating sustained-release tablets showed a relative bioavailability of 230.71%. CONCLUSION:Pretreatment of raw herbs from compound demethylcantharidin and selection of the excipients will help to produce the herb-containing floating tablet.

The innate immune system plays a crucial role in the rapid recognition and elimination of invading microbes. Detection of microbes relies on germ-line encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize essential bacterial molecules, so-called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). A subset of PRRs, belonging to the nucleotide binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor (NLR) families, detects viral and bacterial pathogens in the cytosol of host cells and induces the assembly of a multi-protein signaling platform called the inflammasome. The inflammasome serves as an activation platform for the cysteine protease Caspase-1, a central mediator of innate immunity. Caspase-1 initiates a novel form of cell death called pyroptosis. Inflammasome activation by pathogen-associated signatures results in the autocatalytic cleavage of Caspase-1 and ultimately leads to the processing and thus secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, most importantly interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Here, we review the recent advancements of negative regulatory functions and mechanisms leading to the activation of NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4, and AIM2 inflammasomes.
Apoptosis ; Carrier Proteins ; Caspase 1 ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Inflammasomes ; metabolism ; Inflammation ; metabolism ; Interleukin-18 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Nod Signaling Adaptor Proteins ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction

Objective:Taking Chongyang county of Hubei Province as an example, the paper describes the in-tegration of the maternal and child health ( MCH) and family planning ( FP) service system and analyses the key ele-ments to provide reference for promoting integration. Methods: qualitative interviews and quantitative questionnaire were used to collect data. The software QSR Nvivo 8. 0 and SPSS 17. 0 were used for qualitative and quantitative data analysis. Results:Based on the correct understanding of integration, Chongyang implements the supporting policies actively, maintains the original compensation mode unchanged, follows the principle of“no reducing headcounts and no downsizing” strictly, promotes the merger of institutions rapidly, adjusts the service contents and methods reasona-bly, and integrates the maternal and child and family planning information platform. Conclusion:The correct concept of integration, appropriate staffing, and stable funding in Chongyang provide rich experiences for future research. However, there is room for improvement in staffing, incentive mechanisms, service content, and forms.

Objective To explore the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast (IMPC),and the distinction between IMPC and invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast (IDC).Methods From February 2004 to November 2013,195 IMPC patients and 420 IDC patients were analyzed retrospectively.Results There were significant differences in mammilla invasion,lymph vessel invasion,orange peel sign,soft tissue encroachment,neoadjuvant chemotherapy,radical mastcctomy,lymph node metastasis,clinical stages,tumor size,lymph node staging,estrogen receptor (ER),progestin receptor (PR),human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2),molecular subtyping,ratio of radiation,ratio of endocrine therapy,disease-free survival (DFS),overall survival (OS)between the two groups,all P ＜0.05.Patients with IMPC had lower 5-year DFS and OS rates (68.2％ and 73.8％,respectively) than IDC patients (85.7％ and 88.6％,respectively),all P ＜ 0.05.In IMPC patients with positive ER/PR,HER2-negative,smaller tumor volume,less lymph node metastasis,negative nipple invasion,negative lymphatic vessel tumor thrombus,negative orange peel change had higher 5-year DFS and OS rates than those with negative ER/PR,HER2 overexpression,larger tumor volume,more lymph node metastasis,positive nipple invasion,positive lymphatic vessel tumor thrombus,positive orange peel change,all P ＜ 0.05.Besides,the patients with pathologic stage Ⅰ had higher OS than those with stage Ⅲ (P ＜ 0.05).Cox regression analysis found that orange peel change,lymph vessel invasion and HER2 were the independent risk factors for the survival time of patients with IMPC.Conclusions IMPC patients have lower DFS and OS compared with IDC.

Objective To enhance the cognition on the clinical features of post resuscitation multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (PR-MODS) in patients after cardiac arrest, and provide the basis for integrated control. Method Based on the retrospective analysis, the clinical data of 72 patients with cardiac arrest with restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in ICU were collected, including happening place of cardiac arrest, the type of rhythm first monitored after cardiac arrest, cause of cardiac arrest, incidence of SIRS and MODS, the position and number of organ dysfunction, success rate of CPR, the rate of survival to hospital discharge and cerebral performance categories(CPC) of discharged patients. Results ①In patients with ROSC after cardiac arrest, male to female ratio was 1.18:1,55 cases was happened in hospital and 17 cases was happened out of hospital, and the ratio was 3.24:1. ②The distribution of cardiac arrest place: ICU,emergency room and operating room were the major places of in-hospital cardiac arrest, adding up to 41 cases and accounting for 74.55% (41/55); the major places of outhospital cardiac arrest were on the way to hospital and in the ambulance, and accounting for 64.71% (11/ 17). ③According to the rhythm first monitored after cardiac arrest, there were 38 cases using shock and 32 cases using non-shock, the ratio was 1.12: 1. Cardiac arrest causes of cardiogenic and on-cardiogenic factors are 37 cases and 35 cases, a ratio of 1.06:1 .④All of the 72 cases, 16 cases died within 24 h, and 56 cases were successfully resuscitated, but 51 cases occurred SIRS after ROSC, 42 cases had combined MODS (42/56,75%), 27 cases(27/42,64.29%)died.The most involving organs in sequence were brain (38 cases, 90.48%), heart (35 cases,83.33%) and lung (28 cases, 66.67%). ⑤Among the 56 successfully resuscitated patients, MODS ( - ) group (14 cases) all survived, 15 cases in MODS ( + ) group (42 cases) survived, a total rate of survived to hospital discharge was 40.28%(29/72). All the MODS ( - ) group ( 14 cases) got CPC 1 point. In MODS ( + ) group, there were 7 cases getting CPC 1-2 point, 35 cases getting CPC 3-5 point. There were no significant difference between sex and age in the two groups (P > 0.05), while the comparison of CPC and survived to hospital discharge rate had statistically significance (P < 0.001). Conclusions The occurrence of SIRS in cardiac arrest patients with ROSC was common and there was high incidence of MODS subsequently. The heart and brain were the mostly involved dysfunctional organs. PR-MODS was an important factor influencing the prognosis of patients with cardiac arrest.

Suitable pretreatment of biological samples can truly reflect the role of law of the measured components played in the body and will provide experimental evidence for the studies on metabolic process, material basis of efficacy, mechanism of action, pharmacology, toxicology and the others. Biological samples include blood, urine, hair, tears, etc. There are also many samples processing methods, such as the direct protein precipitation, liquid-liquid extraction and solid phase extraction and so on. These methods could be used alone or combined.
Animals ; Body Fluids ; chemistry ; Chemical Precipitation ; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical ; methods ; Humans ; Liquid-Liquid Extraction ; Proteins ; isolation & purification ; Solid Phase Extraction